【摘要】：GIS(氣體絕緣金屬封閉式組合電器)的廣泛使用,解決了很多傳統(tǒng)開放式電站不能解決的問題,但是由于GIS故障定位難度較大,因此如何能快速、高效的找出故障點(diǎn)來保障GIS的正常運(yùn)行成了現(xiàn)在最為關(guān)注的問題。論文主要研制了局部放電聲電檢測(cè)系統(tǒng),并對(duì)GIS內(nèi)部典型缺陷局部放電進(jìn)行定位。 論文首先搭建了GIS局部放電的模擬實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺(tái),選擇了固定微粒缺陷、自由微粒缺陷和懸浮電位放電三種缺陷模型。通過對(duì)這三種典型缺陷局部放電超聲信號(hào)和電信號(hào)的頻域特性分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)局部放電超聲信號(hào)的能量主要分布在0-25kHz和50kHz～75kHz,電信號(hào)的能量主要分布在40MHz以下。以此為基礎(chǔ),來設(shè)計(jì)聲、電傳感器的帶寬,來提高檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)的信噪比。設(shè)計(jì)的聲電檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)主要由超聲波信號(hào)檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)和電信號(hào)檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)兩部分組成：超聲波信號(hào)檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)采用的30kHz和50kHz兩種中心頻率的諧振式超聲傳感器,配合寬頻帶前置放大器對(duì)超聲信號(hào)進(jìn)行檢測(cè)；電信號(hào)檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)采用了自行設(shè)計(jì)23MHz和40MHz兩種帶寬的Rogowski線圈配合電信號(hào)放大器來檢測(cè)脈沖電流信號(hào)。檢測(cè)到的聲電信號(hào)經(jīng)高速采集卡采集傳輸至計(jì)算機(jī)中,通過自行開發(fā)的軟件進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)處理,軟件包含了對(duì)參數(shù)可調(diào)的帶通濾波器的設(shè)計(jì)。 根據(jù)設(shè)計(jì)的聲電檢測(cè)系統(tǒng),論文對(duì)GIS局部放電定位原理和方法進(jìn)行了研究,并通過實(shí)驗(yàn)室中的模擬GIS對(duì)典型缺陷局部放電進(jìn)行定位研究。 聲電檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)通過檢測(cè)到的聲電信號(hào)時(shí)延來計(jì)算超聲傳感器到局部放電源的直線距離,但是考慮到GIS的同軸結(jié)構(gòu),論文采用平分面法進(jìn)行定位。該方法主要是以一個(gè)Rogowski線圈檢測(cè)到的電信號(hào)為基準(zhǔn),通過比較兩個(gè)超聲傳感器檢測(cè)到的信號(hào)時(shí)延來判斷信號(hào)源的位置,最后在一條直線上對(duì)信號(hào)源進(jìn)行線性定位。相對(duì)于傳統(tǒng)單類型傳感器的定位,通過該聲電檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)可以高效準(zhǔn)確的對(duì)局部放電進(jìn)行定位,并且結(jié)合電信號(hào)檢測(cè)的靈敏度和超聲檢測(cè)的抗電磁干擾能力,提高了GIS局部放電的檢測(cè)水平,并對(duì)單一干擾源有一定的抗干擾能力。
[Abstract]:The wide use of GIS (Gas Insulated Metal enclosed Combinator) has solved many problems that can not be solved by traditional open power station. However, because of the difficulty of GIS fault location, how can it be quickly, Finding fault points efficiently to ensure the normal operation of GIS has become the most concerned issue. In this paper, the acoustic and electrical detection system of partial discharge is developed, and the partial discharge of typical defects in GIS is located. Firstly, a simulation experiment platform of GIS partial discharge is built, and three defect models, fixed particle defect, free particle defect and suspension potential discharge, are selected. By analyzing the frequency-domain characteristics of the three typical defect partial discharge ultrasonic signals and electrical signals, it is found that the energy of partial discharge ultrasonic signals is mainly distributed in 0-25kHz and 50kHz ~ (75) kHz, and the energy of electrical signals is mainly distributed below 40MHz. Based on this, the bandwidth of acoustic and electric sensors is designed to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the detection system. The acoustoelectric detection system is mainly composed of ultrasonic signal detection system and electric signal detection system. The ultrasonic signal detection system adopts two resonant ultrasonic sensors with center frequency of 30kHz and 50kHz. The ultrasonic signal is detected with a broadband preamplifier. The signal detection system uses Rogowski coils with two kinds of bandwidth designed by ourselves, 23MHz and 40MHz, to detect the pulse current signal in combination with the electric signal amplifier. The detected acoustic signals are collected and transmitted to the computer by high-speed acquisition card. The software is developed to process the data. The software includes the design of the band-pass filter with adjustable parameters. Based on the design of the acoustic and electric detection system, the principle and method of partial discharge localization of GIS are studied, and the localization of typical defects is studied by simulated GIS in the laboratory. The acoustoelectric detection system calculates the straight line distance from the ultrasonic sensor to the local discharge power source by detecting the time delay of the acoustic signal, but considering the coaxial structure of GIS, this paper uses the flat plane method to locate. This method is mainly based on the signal detected by a Rogowski coil. The signal delay detected by two ultrasonic sensors is compared to determine the position of the signal source. Finally, a linear location of the signal source is carried out on a straight line. Compared with the traditional single-type sensor, the acoustic and electric detection system can efficiently and accurately locate partial discharge, and combine the sensitivity of electric signal detection with the anti-electromagnetic interference ability of ultrasonic detection. The detection level of partial discharge of GIS is improved, and the anti-jamming ability of single interference source is certain.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM595

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