【摘要】：我國(guó)處于地震活動(dòng)多發(fā)區(qū)域，遍布各地的地震電磁監(jiān)測(cè)臺(tái)承擔(dān)著預(yù)報(bào)和監(jiān)測(cè)地震活動(dòng)的重要任務(wù)。然而，隨著越來(lái)越多的特高壓輸電線路建設(shè)和投運(yùn)，已無(wú)法避免對(duì)線路周邊地震電磁觀測(cè)臺(tái)站產(chǎn)生一定的電磁干擾。本文針對(duì)直流輸電系統(tǒng)對(duì)地震臺(tái)地電場(chǎng)觀測(cè)的電磁干擾進(jìn)行了較為深入的研究，分析了直流輸電系統(tǒng)對(duì)地電場(chǎng)觀測(cè)影響的干擾機(jī)理，提出了入地電流在復(fù)合3維土壤中電位分布模型，推導(dǎo)了該模型下電位的求解方法，并由此開(kāi)發(fā)了直流輸電線路對(duì)地電場(chǎng)觀測(cè)干擾的校正系統(tǒng)。主要內(nèi)容如下： （1）分析了地電場(chǎng)觀測(cè)儀器的工作原理，并研究了直流輸電系統(tǒng)干擾地電場(chǎng)觀測(cè)的特點(diǎn)，認(rèn)為直流輸電線路合成場(chǎng)、離子流入地和接地極入地電流是干擾的影響因子。 （2）基于Deutseh假設(shè)法，通過(guò)仿真計(jì)算和現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)測(cè)驗(yàn)證的方法，研究了合成場(chǎng)及離子流的橫向衰減規(guī)律，認(rèn)為離子流入地可能微弱影響地電場(chǎng)觀測(cè)，并引起觀測(cè)干擾幅值的不確定性，但對(duì)千米外的地電場(chǎng)觀測(cè)來(lái)說(shuō)，直流線路的存在不會(huì)引起干擾。 （3）建立了接地極入地電流在復(fù)合3維土壤中的電位分布模型，，得到了由泰勒公式展開(kāi)的無(wú)窮階級(jí)數(shù)構(gòu)成的多層土壤結(jié)構(gòu)格林函數(shù)，根據(jù)復(fù)數(shù)鏡像法，推導(dǎo)了接地極入地電流在復(fù)合3維土壤模型中任一點(diǎn)的電位計(jì)算公式。研究表明，直流輸電線路入地電流為地電場(chǎng)觀測(cè)干擾的決定性影響因子。 （4）在±800kV錦屏-蘇南特高壓直流輸電線路帶電調(diào)試期間，由中國(guó)電力科學(xué)研究院（武漢）、三峽大學(xué)、中國(guó)地震局地震研究所組織，通過(guò)換流站、地震臺(tái)站和野外布點(diǎn)聯(lián)合觀測(cè)的方式，分別開(kāi)展了特高壓直流線路、接地極對(duì)地電場(chǎng)觀測(cè)干擾實(shí)驗(yàn)。對(duì)比分析仿真計(jì)算結(jié)果和實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)，發(fā)現(xiàn)干擾計(jì)算模型最大誤差不超過(guò)15%，并由此開(kāi)發(fā)了“直流輸電線路對(duì)地電場(chǎng)觀測(cè)干擾校正系統(tǒng)”。
[Abstract]:Our country is in the area of frequent seismicity, and the seismic electromagnetic monitoring stations all over the place undertake the important task of predicting and monitoring seismic activity. However, with more and more UHV transmission lines being constructed and put into operation, it is impossible to avoid some electromagnetic interference to the seismic electromagnetic observation stations around the lines. In this paper, the electromagnetic interference (EMI) caused by DC transmission system to geoelectric field observation is studied deeply, and the interference mechanism of HVDC system on geoelectric field observation is analyzed. In this paper, a potential distribution model of earth current in composite 3D soil is proposed, and the solution method of potential under this model is derived, and a correction system for the interference of DC transmission line to earth electric field observation is developed. The main contents are as follows: (1) the working principle of the geoelectric field observation instrument is analyzed, and the characteristics of the interference geoelectric field observation of HVDC transmission system are studied, and the composite field of HVDC transmission line is considered. The ion flow into the ground and the earth current at the earth pole are the influencing factors of the interference. (2) based on Deutseh hypothesis, the transverse attenuation law of synthetic field and ion current is studied by simulation and field measurement. It is considered that ion flow may have a weak effect on the observation of geoelectric field. It also causes uncertainty of the amplitude of the observed interference, but for geoelectric field observation over a kilometer away, the existence of DC line will not cause interference. (3) the potential distribution model of earth current in complex 3D soil is established, and the Green's function of multi-layer soil structure, which is composed of infinite class number of Taylor's formula, is obtained, according to complex image method. The formula for calculating the potential of the earth current at any point in the composite 3D soil model is derived. The results show that the earth current of DC transmission line is the decisive factor of the earth electric field observation interference. (4) during the commissioning of 鹵800kV Jinping-Sunan UHVDC transmission line, it was organized by the China Institute of Electric Power Sciences (Wuhan), the three Gorges University, and the Seismological Research Institute of the China Seismological Bureau. The interference experiments of UHV DC line and earth pole to earth electric field observation were carried out in the way of joint observation of seismic stations and field distribution points. By comparing the simulation results with the experimental data, it is found that the maximum error of the interference calculation model does not exceed 15%, and a "interference correction system for DC transmission line to earth electric field observation" is developed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：三峽大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TM721.1

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