【摘要】：風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)的裝機(jī)容量逐年增加,裝機(jī)尺寸逐年增大,也隨之帶來了成本升高、故障頻發(fā)等很多問題。風(fēng)能產(chǎn)品的制造技術(shù)也面臨著巨大的挑戰(zhàn),整機(jī)建模、零部件載荷分析顯得尤為重要。本文以2MW風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)為例進(jìn)行整機(jī)建模并對(duì)其主軸進(jìn)行載荷特性及疲勞壽命方面的研究。 本文介紹了風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)基本工作原理,論述風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)氣動(dòng)特性分析理論葉素動(dòng)量理論,討論了風(fēng)輪的切向及軸向誘導(dǎo)因子,得出該因子對(duì)風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)的尺寸結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)、空氣動(dòng)力特性與風(fēng)輪載荷存在的一些影響。 通過專業(yè)風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)分析軟件S4WT建立大型風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)整機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)分析模型。根據(jù)IEC61400-1標(biāo)準(zhǔn)建立風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)主軸載荷分析工況,結(jié)合葉素動(dòng)量理論計(jì)算主軸在不同風(fēng)況及工況下力與力矩載荷,得出風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)關(guān)鍵零部件的載荷確定方法,即建立葉片、葉根、輪轂及塔架坐標(biāo)系,并將各坐標(biāo)系上載荷疊加可得,得到了風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)主軸載荷的動(dòng)態(tài)響應(yīng)曲線,直觀的描述了主軸不同工況以及風(fēng)況下的載荷特性。 在pro/e中建立主軸三維模型,通過有限元分析軟件ANSYS進(jìn)行網(wǎng)格劃分、有限元分析,得到了主軸在不同風(fēng)速下的應(yīng)力變化及極限值,得到的應(yīng)力極限值產(chǎn)生處與現(xiàn)實(shí)中主軸疲勞破壞處相吻合�；诰�性疲勞累計(jì)損傷理論中最典型的理論P(yáng)almgren-Miner理論結(jié)合風(fēng)場(chǎng)、主軸材料性能數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行主軸疲勞壽命估算,并通過實(shí)例驗(yàn)證估算方法安全可靠,滿足風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)主軸20年的設(shè)計(jì)安全壽命要求。
[Abstract]:The installed capacity of wind turbine increases year by year, and the size of wind turbine increases year by year, which brings a lot of problems, such as higher cost and frequent faults. The manufacturing technology of wind energy products is also facing great challenges. It is very important to model the whole machine and analyze the load of parts. This paper takes 2MW wind turbine as an example to model the whole machine and to study the load characteristics and fatigue life of its spindle. In this paper, the basic working principle of wind turbine is introduced, the theory of blade momentum is discussed, the tangential and axial induction factors of wind turbine are discussed, and the dimension and structure parameters of wind turbine are obtained. Some effects of aerodynamic characteristics and wind wheel loads. The structural analysis model of large scale wind turbine is established by using the professional wind turbine analysis software S4WT. According to IEC61400-1 standard, the load analysis condition of main shaft of wind turbine is established. Combined with the theory of blade momentum, the load and torque of main shaft under different wind conditions and working conditions are calculated, and the method of determining the load of key parts of wind turbine is obtained, that is, the blade is established. The blade root, hub and tower coordinate system can be obtained by superposing the loads on each coordinate system, and the dynamic response curve of the main shaft load of the wind turbine is obtained, and the load characteristics of the main shaft under different working conditions and wind conditions are described intuitively. The 3D model of spindle is established in pro/e. The finite element analysis software ANSYS is used to mesh the spindle. The stress change and limit value of spindle under different wind speed are obtained by finite element analysis. The stress limit values obtained agree with the fatigue failure of the spindle in reality. Based on the Palmgren-Miner theory, which is the most typical theory of linear fatigue cumulative damage theory and wind field, the fatigue life of spindle is estimated by the data of spindle material performance, and the method is proved to be safe and reliable by an example. Meet the design safety life requirements of the main shaft of wind turbine for 20 years.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：太原理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM315

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