【摘要】：微電網(wǎng)作為一種包含分布式電源(DG)、儲能裝置以及各類負(fù)載的新型能源網(wǎng)絡(luò)化供應(yīng)與管理技術(shù),由于其能源利用率高和環(huán)境友好等優(yōu)點,正受到越來越廣泛的關(guān)注。由于風(fēng)能、太陽能固有的波動性和隨機(jī)性,如何利用有限的儲能系統(tǒng)容量,實現(xiàn)微電網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)發(fā)用電的動態(tài)平衡,并獲得最優(yōu)效益,是微網(wǎng)集成控制與能量管理研究的重要內(nèi)容。本文對微電網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)中電池儲能系統(tǒng)(Battery Energy Storage System, BESS)的優(yōu)化調(diào)度以及可靠性問題進(jìn)行研究,為未來微電網(wǎng)中BESS的應(yīng)用提供參考與借鑒,主要進(jìn)行了以下幾個方面的工作： 首先,以典型的風(fēng)-光-熱-儲混合的微電網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)為例,建立微電網(wǎng)各組成單元出力的數(shù)學(xué)模型。針對風(fēng)力、太陽能等能源隨機(jī)不可調(diào)度的特點,研究風(fēng)力、光伏等電源出力的預(yù)測模擬方法；并結(jié)合BESS的參數(shù)特性,考慮BESS的容量和充放電約束,重點建立BESS容量模型和充放電模型。 其次,針對BESS在微電網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)中發(fā)揮的作用,本文以經(jīng)濟(jì)性、環(huán)保性、可靠性、對可再生能源的響應(yīng)特性等為目標(biāo),在滿足微電網(wǎng)功率平衡約束、電源出力約束,以及BESS的容量、充放電和壽命約束等條件下,建立基于BESS動態(tài)調(diào)度的微電網(wǎng)運行優(yōu)化模型。通過模糊理論和隸屬函數(shù)將多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化轉(zhuǎn)化為單目標(biāo)優(yōu)化問題,以獲得綜合考慮各個因素下的BESS最優(yōu)控制策略。 然后,考慮到動態(tài)規(guī)劃算法能較好地模擬BESS的充放電動作,處理模型中的不連續(xù)、非線性約束等優(yōu)點,采用動態(tài)規(guī)劃求解微電網(wǎng)多目標(biāo)運行優(yōu)化模型,并通過算例進(jìn)行了驗證,結(jié)果表明,多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化基于對各目標(biāo)重要性的設(shè)定,通過BESS的動態(tài)優(yōu)化調(diào)度,能很好地滿足微電網(wǎng)的運行要求,改善各方面指標(biāo),并能充分體現(xiàn)BESS的功能定位。 最后,基于電池儲能系統(tǒng)并網(wǎng)結(jié)構(gòu)在可靠性分析中屬于串聯(lián)系統(tǒng)的特點,結(jié)合其物理結(jié)構(gòu),運用狀態(tài)空間分析法對其進(jìn)行可靠性建模。分別計算得到各組成部分及系統(tǒng)的等效故障率和修復(fù)率,為微電網(wǎng)中BESS的調(diào)度以及容量或數(shù)量的配置、微電網(wǎng)的可靠性評估提供數(shù)據(jù)參考。
[Abstract]:As a new type of energy supply and management technology including distributed generation (DG), energy storage device and all kinds of loads, microgrid has attracted more and more attention due to its high energy efficiency and environmental friendliness. Due to the inherent volatility and randomness of wind energy and solar energy, how to realize the dynamic balance of power generation and power generation of micro-grid system with limited energy storage system capacity and obtain optimal benefits is an important content in the research of microgrid integrated control and energy management. In this paper, the optimal dispatching and reliability of battery energy storage system (Battery Energy Storage System, BESS) in microgrid system are studied, which provides a reference for the application of BESS in microgrid in the future. The main work of this paper is as follows: firstly, taking the typical air-optical-heat-storage microgrid system as an example, the mathematical model of the output force of each component unit of the microgrid is established. According to the characteristics of wind energy, solar energy and so on, the prediction and simulation method of wind power, photovoltaic and other power sources is studied. Considering the capacity and charge-discharge constraints of BESS, the capacity model and charge-discharge model of BESS are established. Secondly, aiming at the role of BESS in microgrid system, this paper aims at economy, environmental protection, reliability, response characteristics to renewable energy, and satisfies the power balance constraint, power output constraint and BESS capacity of microgrid. Under the condition of charge and discharge and life constraint, the optimal operation model of microgrid based on BESS dynamic dispatching is established. The multi-objective optimization is transformed into a single-objective optimization problem by fuzzy theory and membership function to obtain the optimal control strategy of BESS with comprehensive consideration of various factors. Then, considering the advantages of dynamic programming algorithm which can simulate the charge-discharge action of BESS and deal with the discontinuity and nonlinear constraints in the model, dynamic programming is used to solve the multi-objective operation optimization model of microgrid, which is verified by an example. The results show that the multi-objective optimization is based on setting the importance of each target, and through the dynamic optimal scheduling of BESS, it can meet the operational requirements of micro-grid, improve all aspects of indicators, and fully reflect the functional positioning of BESS. Finally, based on the characteristics of connected grid structure of battery energy storage system in reliability analysis, combined with its physical structure, the reliability modeling of battery energy storage system is carried out by using state space analysis method. The equivalent failure rate and repair rate of each component and system are calculated respectively, which provides a data reference for BESS dispatching, capacity or quantity configuration and reliability evaluation of microgrid.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM73

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本文編號：2362922