【摘要】：近些年來隨著PM2.5等污染物的危害越來越被公眾了解，，電除塵這類原本在電力系統(tǒng)中似乎是不受重視的環(huán)保設(shè)備，開始變的越來越重要。但目前大多數(shù)電除塵系統(tǒng)故障頻出，而且能耗居高不下。因此研究如何提高電除塵設(shè)備的可靠性和降低其能耗具有重要意義。 本次研究課題以臺山電廠除塵設(shè)備為例，介紹了如何通過對設(shè)備的原理分析找出原有老舊電除塵設(shè)備高發(fā)故障的真正原因，結(jié)合國內(nèi)外通行解決辦法尋找最經(jīng)濟(jì)、最適合現(xiàn)場設(shè)備的改造方法。 通過日常工作中積累的運行數(shù)據(jù)和統(tǒng)計的高發(fā)缺陷數(shù)量、分布情況，結(jié)合電除塵工作原理，分析針對如過流、開路、短路、偏勵磁等這些高發(fā)缺陷產(chǎn)生的原因，深入討論異常現(xiàn)象出現(xiàn)的成因以及導(dǎo)致的后果。 針對高壓控制系統(tǒng)的幾種高發(fā)故障，按照其產(chǎn)生的原因進(jìn)行針對性的改造，全面升級控制系統(tǒng)的硬件配置和軟件設(shè)置。升級優(yōu)化了原濾波算法，提高了控制系統(tǒng)判斷的準(zhǔn)確性。結(jié)合現(xiàn)場運行情況，提高了控制系統(tǒng)對于電場中火花和反電暈的判斷方法，通過電除塵效率公式計算出電暈功率和供電間歇的關(guān)系，利用新的判斷方式和供電模式提高了系統(tǒng)對異常情況的反應(yīng)速度和優(yōu)化了對異常現(xiàn)象的抑制措施。 低壓控制系統(tǒng)原來是由多個單片機板塊控制，此次改造全部升級為PLC主機統(tǒng)一控制，減少了改造前由于多板塊之間通訊不暢、信號取樣速度不快、控制器經(jīng)常死機的問題。 改造后，電除塵的缺陷大幅下降，除塵效率略有提高，耗能則大幅減少了52.6%，僅改造后一年節(jié)約的電量換算成電費就超過了此次改造的費用，為企業(yè)取得了巨大的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。
[Abstract]:In recent years, as the harm of pollutants such as PM2.5 has become more and more known to the public, it is becoming more and more important that the environmental protection equipment, such as electrostatic precipitator, which seemed to be neglected in the electric power system, is becoming more and more important. However, at present, most of the electrical dedusting system failure frequency, and high energy consumption. Therefore, it is of great significance to study how to improve the reliability and reduce the energy consumption of electrostatic precipitator. Taking the dust removal equipment of Taishan Power Plant as an example, this research topic introduces how to find out the real cause of the high failure of the old electric precipitator by analyzing the principle of the equipment, and how to find the most economical way to solve the problem in combination with the current domestic and international solutions. The most suitable modification method for field equipment. Through the operation data accumulated in daily work and the statistics of the number and distribution of high frequency defects, combined with the working principle of electric precipitation, the causes of these high frequency defects such as overcurrent, open circuit, short circuit, partial excitation, etc., are analyzed. The causes and consequences of abnormal phenomena are discussed in depth. Aiming at several kinds of high frequency faults of high voltage control system, the hardware configuration and software setting of the control system are upgraded according to the causes. The original filtering algorithm is optimized and the accuracy of the control system is improved. Combined with the field operation, the method of judging spark and anti-corona in electric field is improved, and the relation between corona power and power supply intermittent is calculated by the formula of efficiency of electric precipitator. The new judgment mode and power supply mode are used to improve the response speed of the system to the abnormal situation and to optimize the suppression measures to the abnormal phenomenon. The low-voltage control system was originally controlled by several single-chip microprocessors. The transformation was all upgraded to the unified control of PLC mainframe, which reduced the problem that the communication between multi-plates was not smooth, the signal sampling speed was not fast, and the controller often crashed. After the revamping, the defects of electric dust removal have been greatly reduced, the dust removal efficiency has been slightly improved, and the energy consumption has been greatly reduced by 52.6 percent. Only one year after the transformation, the electricity saved has been converted into electricity charges, which is more than the cost of this transformation. Great economic benefits have been achieved for the enterprises.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華南理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM621.73

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