【摘要】：常規(guī)后備保護多采用非單元式原理,一般涵蓋多個元件。在現(xiàn)行的電力系統(tǒng)運行條件下,這種由開放式保護原理構(gòu)成的后備保護誤動概率較大。此外常規(guī)后備保護僅依賴于本地數(shù)據(jù),往往側(cè)重于保護其本地設(shè)備而無視其行為對全網(wǎng)的影響。常規(guī)后備保護系統(tǒng)在某種程度上已不能滿足互聯(lián)電力系統(tǒng)的新要求,需要改進完善。由此提出了廣域后備保護方案,它可在全系統(tǒng)范圍內(nèi)實現(xiàn)故障正確識別,有選擇性地切除故障元件,保證非故障系統(tǒng)安全運行。論文首先提出一種考慮線路分布參數(shù)的基于故障分量的新型疊加分量阻抗概念,在此基礎(chǔ)上提出了一種基于疊加分量阻抗幅值比較原理的故障元件判據(jù)。理論分析了不同線路長度,不同系統(tǒng)阻抗比情況下疊加阻抗算法的動作特性,同時考慮了串補的影響。保護方案采用距離保護作為故障信息發(fā)送啟動元件,動態(tài)確定保護區(qū)域,形成故障關(guān)聯(lián)元件集,并通過疊加阻抗原理與故障分量電流差動保護判據(jù)對該集合的搜索判定,完成故障元件識別。其次,鑒于同步相量測量技術(shù)的應(yīng)用需求,給出了一種集成控制和保護于一體的保護方案,結(jié)合現(xiàn)代通信技術(shù)實現(xiàn)本地信息和廣域信息的綜合利用,從而實現(xiàn)廣域保護功能�？紤]的同步相量通信傳輸?shù)募夹g(shù)現(xiàn)狀,分析并實現(xiàn)了符合IEEE C37.118協(xié)議規(guī)范的同步相量客戶端與服務(wù)器端軟件。結(jié)合新的IEC 61850-90-5通信規(guī)約,分析建立同步相量傳輸?shù)耐ㄐ拍Ｐ?研究并規(guī)范了傳輸報文在OSI通信協(xié)議棧層的映射,為同步相量的通信實現(xiàn)作了有益的技術(shù)鋪墊。第三,在工程應(yīng)用中,在產(chǎn)品開發(fā)階段驗證通信建模的正確性與有效性具有比較強的實際價值。對信息模型從整體功能進行了建模分析,從微觀角度分析了數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu),在此基礎(chǔ)上對測試工具進行了功能上的分類設(shè)計。以Exce I與VBA作為開發(fā)平臺,編程實現(xiàn)對測試對象的狀態(tài)預(yù)設(shè)置,通過DDE動態(tài)數(shù)據(jù)交換機制與支持MMS的第三方軟件進行數(shù)據(jù)獲取,以讀取保護設(shè)備的IEC61850模型的數(shù)據(jù)屬性值,通過與預(yù)設(shè)值進行比對,并將測試結(jié)果輸出到Exce I表格對象以完成模型驗證測試過程。測試結(jié)果具有可重復(fù)性,在一定程度上保證建立模型的完備性,從而有效減少開發(fā)的工作量,明顯提高開發(fā)效率。第四,保護設(shè)備支持IEC61850以實現(xiàn)信息的無縫交換,加強通信系統(tǒng)在現(xiàn)代電力技術(shù)中的基礎(chǔ)作用,因此對基于IEC61850的保護裝置的可靠性進行測試及評估具有一定的理論與實踐意義。對變電站內(nèi)通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)進行合理配置,對通信系統(tǒng)進行了冗余配置,在此基礎(chǔ)上通過多個裝置邏輯配合實現(xiàn)了簡易母線保護功能,以此為基礎(chǔ)在基于RTDS的變電站自動化系統(tǒng)的實驗室仿真測試平臺上對基于IEC61850的保護的性能進行評估。
[Abstract]:Conventional back-up protection uses the principle of non-element, and generally covers multiple components. Under the current power system operation conditions, this kind of backup protection, which is composed of open protection principle, has a large misoperation probability. In addition, conventional back-up protection is only dependent on local data, and often focuses on the protection of its local equipment, ignoring the impact of its behavior on the whole network. To some extent, the conventional backup protection system can not meet the new requirements of interconnected power system, so it needs to be improved and improved. Therefore, a wide area backup protection scheme is proposed, which can correctly identify faults in the whole system, selectively remove fault elements, and ensure the safe operation of non-fault systems. In this paper, a new concept of superposition component impedance based on fault component considering line distribution parameters is proposed, and a fault component criterion based on the principle of comparison of impedance amplitude of superposition component is proposed. The action characteristics of superposition impedance algorithm with different line length and system impedance ratio are analyzed theoretically, and the effect of series compensation is considered. The protection scheme uses distance protection as the starting element to transmit fault information, determines the protection area dynamically, forms the fault correlation component set, and searches the set through the principle of superposition impedance and the fault component current differential protection criterion. Complete fault element identification. Secondly, in view of the application requirement of synchronous phasor measurement technology, an integrated control and protection scheme is proposed, which can realize the comprehensive utilization of local information and wide area information in combination with modern communication technology, so as to realize the wide area protection function. Considering the technical status of synchronous phasor communication transmission, the software of synchronous phasor client and server which accords with IEEE C37.118 protocol specification is analyzed and implemented. Combined with the new IEC 61850-90-5 communication protocol, the communication model of synchronous phasor transmission is analyzed, and the mapping of transmission packets in OSI communication protocol stack layer is studied and standardized, which provides a useful technology for the implementation of synchronous phasor communication. Thirdly, in engineering application, it is of great practical value to verify the correctness and validity of communication modeling in product development stage. The information model is modeled from the whole function, and the data structure is analyzed from the microcosmic point of view. On the basis of this, the functional classification design of the test tool is carried out. With Exce I and VBA as the development platform, the state of the test object is programmed to set up, and the data are acquired through the DDE dynamic data exchange mechanism and the third party software supporting MMS, in order to read the data attribute value of the IEC61850 model of the protective device. The test results are output to the Exce I table object to complete the model verification test process by comparing with the preset values. The test results are repeatable and ensure the completeness of the model to a certain extent, which can effectively reduce the workload of development and improve the efficiency of development. Fourthly, the protection equipment supports IEC61850 to realize the seamless exchange of information and strengthen the basic role of the communication system in modern power technology. Therefore, it is of theoretical and practical significance to test and evaluate the reliability of the protection device based on IEC61850. Reasonable configuration of communication network in substation and redundant configuration of communication system are carried out. On the basis of this, simple busbar protection function is realized through the cooperation of multiple devices logic. Based on this, the performance of IEC61850 based protection is evaluated on the laboratory simulation test platform of substation automation system based on RTDS.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM77

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