【摘要】：在電力體制改革過程中,在輸配分開環(huán)節(jié),出現(xiàn)了一些高耗能企業(yè)直接從發(fā)電企業(yè)購買電力的現(xiàn)象,即大用戶直購電。作為新興事物,大用戶直購電在運營模式、計費方式等關(guān)鍵問題上目前仍處在類似“摸石頭過河”式的邊探索邊實施的階段。 本文的研究內(nèi)容分為以下幾部分：相關(guān)政策背景、大用戶直購電的主體資格、大用戶直購電行為模式給供輸用三方帶來的影響、大用戶直購電中涉及的輸配電成本以及供電網(wǎng)絡(luò)方案分析、大用戶直購電活動中存在的部分法律爭議等。 本文通過列舉單電源單大用戶、雙電源單大用戶、雙電源雙大用戶以及跨電網(wǎng)遠(yuǎn)距離輸電等幾種典型網(wǎng)絡(luò)分布方案,并對其進(jìn)行分析研究,試圖證明對電網(wǎng)企業(yè)來說,通過合理的布局和控制,完全有可能在既定輸配電價格的基礎(chǔ)上,通過優(yōu)化供電網(wǎng)絡(luò)、改變線路長度實現(xiàn)降低成本,從而獲取額外利潤。 本文研究的難點在于確定輸配電成本的組成。電網(wǎng)的利潤由傳統(tǒng)的銷售電價與上網(wǎng)電價之差,變成了相對固定的輸配電價。而在這個價格背后,由于電力網(wǎng)絡(luò)復(fù)雜,同時電能在電網(wǎng)中是實時流動的,因此真實的輸配成本是一個不確定的值。那么,這個價格如何確定,取決于多種因素,是一個主要的難點,尤其是在同時存在多個發(fā)電方和用電方的情況下。 本文以分析大用戶直購電的運營模式為契機(jī),通過對傳統(tǒng)的輸配電價的成本進(jìn)行分析、梳理,證明了電網(wǎng)企業(yè)在既定輸配電價價差基礎(chǔ)上通過合理布局降低成本為自己增加利潤是可行的。
[Abstract]:In the process of electric power system reform, in the process of separation of transmission and distribution, there is a phenomenon that some high-energy consuming enterprises buy electricity directly from power generation enterprises, that is, large users buy electricity directly. As a new thing, large customers' direct purchase of electricity is still in the stage of exploring and implementing on the key issues such as operation mode, charging method and so on, which is similar to "feeling the stone and crossing the river". The content of this paper is divided into the following parts: the background of relevant policies, the main qualifications of large users direct purchase of electricity, the impact of the behavior model of large users direct purchase of electricity on the supply and consumption of three parties, The cost of transmission and distribution and the scheme of power supply network are analyzed in the direct purchase of electricity by large users, and some legal disputes exist in the activities of direct purchase of electricity by large users, etc. In this paper, several typical network distribution schemes, such as single power source, single large user, double large user and long-distance transmission across power grid, are listed, and analyzed and studied to prove that the distribution scheme is of great importance to power grid enterprises. Through reasonable layout and control, it is possible to reduce the cost by optimizing the power supply network on the basis of the fixed transmission and distribution price, and thus to obtain the extra profit. The difficulty of this paper is to determine the cost of transmission and distribution. The profit of power grid has changed from the difference between the traditional selling price and the internet price to the relatively fixed transmission price. Behind this price, the real cost of transmission and distribution is an uncertain value because of the complexity of power network and the real-time flow of electric energy in the power network. So, how to determine the price depends on a variety of factors, is a major difficulty, especially in the presence of multiple generators and consumers at the same time. This article takes the opportunity of analyzing the operation mode of direct purchase of electricity to large customers, through the analysis of the cost of the traditional transmission and distribution price, combing, It is proved that it is feasible for power grid enterprises to increase their profits by reducing the cost reasonably on the basis of the fixed price difference of transmission and distribution electricity.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F426.61

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