燃煤電廠PM2.5排放特性及污染控制研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-10 11:22
【摘要】：隨著我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的飛速發(fā)展，近來(lái)全國(guó)多地霧霾籠罩，二氧化硫、氮氧化物、和揮發(fā)性有機(jī)物等細(xì)顆粒物PM2.5排放量大幅增加，污染由最嚴(yán)重的京津冀向沿海地區(qū)擴(kuò)散，給人們出行和健康帶來(lái)嚴(yán)重影響。作為PM2.5主要排放源之一的燃煤電廠，了解其排放特性，并采取切實(shí)可行的控制措施，已刻不容緩。 本課題分別對(duì)3臺(tái)煤粉爐和1臺(tái)循環(huán)流化床鍋爐除塵前后和脫硫后所排放的煙氣中PM2.5的排放濃度、粒徑分布和物化特性做了試驗(yàn)分析。脫硫后PM2.5所排放粒數(shù)濃度約在105粒/cm3左右，質(zhì)量濃度除塵效果較好的在0.57mg/m3左右，有的值較大在19.3mg/m3左右。燃煤電廠鍋爐在除塵前后PM2.5的粒數(shù)濃度呈雙模正態(tài)分布，，均在0.12μm和0.76μm附近出現(xiàn)峰值；所測(cè)試煙氣中粒數(shù)濃度較大分布在0.01~0.1μm，質(zhì)量濃度粒徑較大分布在0.8~2.0μm。除塵器效率：電袋聯(lián)合除塵、袋式除塵優(yōu)于電除塵。脫硫后排放的PM2.5顆粒物并不理想，有時(shí)甚至不降反升。煤粉爐排放的PM2.5形貌，一部分為表面光滑形狀規(guī)則的球形粒子，另一部分為形狀不規(guī)則的塊狀粒子；CFB產(chǎn)生的PM2.5多呈不規(guī)則形狀。燃煤電廠通過(guò)PM2.5排放汞、硒、砷、釩和鋅的比例較大，進(jìn)而對(duì)環(huán)境和人體健康造成危害。 為降低燃煤電廠PM2.5排放量，在現(xiàn)有除塵技術(shù)的基礎(chǔ)上提出改建建議：a.改變靜電除塵器的荷電形式。b.電除塵器前加設(shè)預(yù)處理裝置。c.在電袋聯(lián)合除塵器中，根據(jù)運(yùn)行情況控制布袋除塵器的清灰方式和頻率。d.電場(chǎng)與濾袋交錯(cuò)排列(AHPC)，設(shè)置電袋聯(lián)合除塵器。e.在WFGD后，安裝濕式電除塵器。在WFGD中，使煙氣成為飽和狀態(tài)，利用蒸汽相變?cè)韥?lái)增加PM2.5顆粒的大小和質(zhì)量，使PM2.5顆粒更容易捕獲；在其下游安裝濕式電除塵器，來(lái)控制PM2.5的排放量。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of our country's economy, the PM2.5 emissions of fine particulates such as haze, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and volatile organic compounds have increased dramatically in many parts of the country recently, and the pollution has spread from the most serious Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region to the coastal areas. It has serious effects on people's travel and health. As one of the main emission sources of PM2.5, coal-fired power plant has to understand its emission characteristics and take practical control measures. In this paper, the concentration, particle size distribution and physicochemical characteristics of PM2.5 in flue gas from three pulverized coal boilers and one circulating fluidized bed boiler before and after dedusting and desulphurization are analyzed. After desulphurization, the concentration of particles discharged by PM2.5 is about 105grains / cm3, the dust removal effect of mass concentration is about 0.57mg/m3, and some values are larger than that of 19.3mg/m3. Before and after dust removal, the particle number concentration of PM2.5 in coal-fired power plant boiler shows a double mode normal distribution, and the peak values appear in the vicinity of 0.12 渭 m and 0.76 渭 m. The distribution of particle number and particle size in flue gas was 0.01g / 0.1 渭 m and 0.8 渭 m, respectively. The efficiency of dust collector: electric bag combined dusting, bag dust removal is superior to electric dust collection. The PM2.5 particles emitted after desulfurization are not ideal and sometimes even rise rather than decrease. The morphology of PM2.5 emitted from pulverized coal furnace is one of spherical particles with regular smooth surface and the other of irregular shaped massive particles, and the PM2.5 produced by CFB is mostly irregular in shape. Coal fired power plants emit mercury, selenium, arsenic, vanadium and zinc through PM2.5, which is harmful to environment and human health. In order to reduce the PM2.5 emission of coal-fired power plant, the reconstruction suggestion is put forward on the basis of the existing dust removal technology: a. Change the charged form of electrostatic precipitator. Installation of preprocessing device before electrostatic precipitator. In the electric bag combined precipitator, according to the operation situation, control the dusting mode and frequency of the bag dust remover. Electric field and filter bag staggered arrangement (AHPC), setup electric bag combined precipitator. E. Install wet ESP after WFGD. In WFGD, the flue gas becomes saturated, the size and quality of PM2.5 particles are increased by using the principle of steam phase transition, and the PM2.5 particles are easily captured, and a wet electrostatic precipitator is installed downstream to control the PM2.5 emission.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：X773
本文編號(hào)：2322335
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of our country's economy, the PM2.5 emissions of fine particulates such as haze, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and volatile organic compounds have increased dramatically in many parts of the country recently, and the pollution has spread from the most serious Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region to the coastal areas. It has serious effects on people's travel and health. As one of the main emission sources of PM2.5, coal-fired power plant has to understand its emission characteristics and take practical control measures. In this paper, the concentration, particle size distribution and physicochemical characteristics of PM2.5 in flue gas from three pulverized coal boilers and one circulating fluidized bed boiler before and after dedusting and desulphurization are analyzed. After desulphurization, the concentration of particles discharged by PM2.5 is about 105grains / cm3, the dust removal effect of mass concentration is about 0.57mg/m3, and some values are larger than that of 19.3mg/m3. Before and after dust removal, the particle number concentration of PM2.5 in coal-fired power plant boiler shows a double mode normal distribution, and the peak values appear in the vicinity of 0.12 渭 m and 0.76 渭 m. The distribution of particle number and particle size in flue gas was 0.01g / 0.1 渭 m and 0.8 渭 m, respectively. The efficiency of dust collector: electric bag combined dusting, bag dust removal is superior to electric dust collection. The PM2.5 particles emitted after desulfurization are not ideal and sometimes even rise rather than decrease. The morphology of PM2.5 emitted from pulverized coal furnace is one of spherical particles with regular smooth surface and the other of irregular shaped massive particles, and the PM2.5 produced by CFB is mostly irregular in shape. Coal fired power plants emit mercury, selenium, arsenic, vanadium and zinc through PM2.5, which is harmful to environment and human health. In order to reduce the PM2.5 emission of coal-fired power plant, the reconstruction suggestion is put forward on the basis of the existing dust removal technology: a. Change the charged form of electrostatic precipitator. Installation of preprocessing device before electrostatic precipitator. In the electric bag combined precipitator, according to the operation situation, control the dusting mode and frequency of the bag dust remover. Electric field and filter bag staggered arrangement (AHPC), setup electric bag combined precipitator. E. Install wet ESP after WFGD. In WFGD, the flue gas becomes saturated, the size and quality of PM2.5 particles are increased by using the principle of steam phase transition, and the PM2.5 particles are easily captured, and a wet electrostatic precipitator is installed downstream to control the PM2.5 emission.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：X773
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條
1 徐鴻;宋凱;雷小云;蘇華鶯;;200MW機(jī)組電除塵器可吸入顆粒物排放控制試驗(yàn)研究[J];熱力發(fā)電;2006年10期
本文編號(hào)：2322335
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