【摘要】：在當(dāng)前世界各國(guó)現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程的不斷加快的情況下,對(duì)能源的消耗量也不斷攀升,有限的常規(guī)能源已經(jīng)遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)無(wú)法滿足工業(yè)、生活、國(guó)防建設(shè)的需要。尋求可代替的新型能源是緩解這一局面的唯一途徑。其中無(wú)處不在又取之不盡的太陽(yáng)能是人們重點(diǎn)關(guān)注的對(duì)象。太陽(yáng)能發(fā)電裝置分為獨(dú)立和并網(wǎng)兩種類型,其設(shè)計(jì)要求有所不同。本文中設(shè)計(jì)的太陽(yáng)能發(fā)電裝置屬于不接入電網(wǎng)的獨(dú)立型發(fā)電系統(tǒng)。文章通過(guò)對(duì)全球太陽(yáng)能發(fā)電趨勢(shì)的分析,引入了常用的獨(dú)立式發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)。首先分析了太陽(yáng)能電池的特性并搭建數(shù)學(xué)模型進(jìn)行仿真模擬,測(cè)試了環(huán)境狀況的改變對(duì)太陽(yáng)能電池工作特性的影響,一方面驗(yàn)證了太陽(yáng)能電池的輸出具有隨環(huán)境參數(shù)的變化而變化的非線性特性,同時(shí)也證明了實(shí)時(shí)追蹤電池工作的最大功率點(diǎn)的必要性。分析對(duì)比幾種MPPT的控制方案優(yōu)劣,以Boost電路作為最大功率點(diǎn)跟蹤(MPPT)的應(yīng)用拓?fù)?使用占空比干擾觀測(cè)為本文的跟蹤控制方法。系統(tǒng)升壓模塊選用帶抑制偏磁作用的推挽正激拓?fù)洹⒛孀儾糠诌x用非隔離式全橋逆變拓?fù)�。依�?jù)推挽正激電路的結(jié)構(gòu)原理分析分別計(jì)算了整流二極管、鉗位電容、功率開關(guān)管及濾波器的有關(guān)參數(shù)并進(jìn)行了合適的選型,高頻變壓器部分根據(jù)主電路要求,計(jì)算設(shè)計(jì)了變壓器鐵芯型號(hào)和匝比等規(guī)格參數(shù),隔離反饋電路由PC817和TL431組成。后級(jí)全橋式逆變電路的硬件設(shè)計(jì)包括開關(guān)管、濾波裝置和改善開關(guān)性能的吸收緩沖電路。軟件設(shè)計(jì)均基于DSP2812的開發(fā)軟件CCS3.3進(jìn)行編寫,給出了含最大功率點(diǎn)跟蹤效果的蓄電池充電、主程序、PWM子程序、AD采樣、中斷子程序這幾個(gè)模塊的流程圖。最終完成了系統(tǒng)整體的運(yùn)行調(diào)試,證明了所設(shè)計(jì)系統(tǒng)的可行性且達(dá)到各指標(biāo)要求。
[Abstract]:With the acceleration of modernization in the world, the consumption of energy is rising, and the limited conventional energy is far from being able to meet the needs of industry, life and national defense construction. Finding alternative new sources of energy is the only way to ease the situation. The ubiquitous and inexhaustible solar energy is the focus of attention. Solar power plant can be divided into two types: independent and grid-connected, and its design requirements are different. The solar power generation device designed in this paper belongs to the independent generation system which does not connect to the power grid. Based on the analysis of the global solar power generation trend, this paper introduces the structure of the commonly used stand-alone power generation system. Firstly, the characteristics of solar cells are analyzed and a mathematical model is built to simulate the performance of solar cells. The influence of the change of environment on the performance of solar cells is tested. On the one hand, it is verified that the output of the solar cell has the nonlinear characteristic of varying with the environmental parameters, and the necessity of tracking the maximum power point of the cell in real time is also proved. The advantages and disadvantages of several MPPT control schemes are analyzed and compared. The Boost circuit is used as the application topology of the maximum power point tracking (MPPT), and the duty cycle interference observation is used as the tracking control method in this paper. The push-pull forward topology with magnetic bias suppression is used in the booster module and the non-isolated full-bridge inverter topology is used in the inverter part. According to the structure principle of push-pull forward circuit, the parameters of rectifier diode, clamping capacitor, power switch tube and filter are calculated and selected, and the high frequency transformer is selected according to the main circuit requirements. The transformer core type and turn ratio are calculated and designed. The isolated feedback circuit is composed of PC817 and TL431. The hardware design of the rear stage full-bridge inverter includes switch tube, filter device and absorption buffer circuit to improve the switching performance. The software design is based on the development software CCS3.3 of DSP2812. The flow chart of battery charging, main program, PWM subroutine, AD sampling and interrupt subroutine with maximum power point tracking effect is given. Finally, the operation and debugging of the whole system is completed, and the feasibility of the designed system is proved and the requirements of each index are met.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TM615

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