【摘要】：電能質(zhì)量的一個(gè)極為重要參數(shù)是電壓的平衡度,它影響電力運(yùn)行設(shè)備的用電安全和正常運(yùn)行。三相高性能逆變電源作為核心部件廣泛使用在一些重要工業(yè)用電設(shè)備中,所以研究高性能的三相逆變器對(duì)提高電能質(zhì)量具有十分重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。對(duì)兩種橋臂逆變器的主電路系統(tǒng)模型做了詳細(xì)的理論推導(dǎo),可知對(duì)于不平衡負(fù)載或非線性負(fù)載而言,三橋臂逆變器無(wú)法使系統(tǒng)輸出電壓滿足國(guó)標(biāo)要求;而四橋臂逆變器就能很好地調(diào)節(jié)三相之間的中點(diǎn)電位,保持三相電壓的對(duì)稱性,且多出的一個(gè)橋臂為不平衡電流提供輸出通道。為了實(shí)現(xiàn)三相逆變器輸出電壓的高度對(duì)稱性及各相間單獨(dú)控制,本文采用了四橋臂結(jié)構(gòu)和經(jīng)典的PI雙閉環(huán)控制策略。對(duì)于反饋控制系統(tǒng)采用實(shí)時(shí)的三相電壓對(duì)稱分量法完成正序、負(fù)序、零序的分解,經(jīng)過(guò)正負(fù)序Park轉(zhuǎn)換,得到彼此耦合DQ軸電壓、電流分量。為了實(shí)現(xiàn)在DQ坐標(biāo)系下各分量解耦,加入電流前饋解耦調(diào)節(jié)器,使輸出的D軸、Q軸分量轉(zhuǎn)換為獨(dú)立的直流量,便于實(shí)現(xiàn)高精度、低穩(wěn)態(tài)誤差的控制方案,使逆變器輸出三相電壓高度對(duì)稱。而零序分量在DQ旋轉(zhuǎn)坐標(biāo)系下值為零,采用簡(jiǎn)單的誤差PI調(diào)節(jié)器即可實(shí)現(xiàn)零序分量為零。通過(guò)與三橋臂二維脈寬調(diào)制方法的對(duì)比,類推出四橋臂拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)在abc坐標(biāo)系下的三維空間電壓矢量調(diào)制方案,并對(duì)三維空間電壓矢量調(diào)制方案做了詳細(xì)的理論研究,設(shè)計(jì)了簡(jiǎn)化方案的實(shí)現(xiàn)步驟,為四橋臂逆變器的開關(guān)器件提供八路控制信號(hào),實(shí)現(xiàn)四橋臂功率器件的有序開通和關(guān)斷,保證輸出電壓的對(duì)稱性。完成了三相四橋逆變器硬件電路的詳細(xì)設(shè)計(jì)及基于DSP處理器的程序代碼編寫。通過(guò)阻性對(duì)稱負(fù)載與阻性不對(duì)稱負(fù)載、非線性不對(duì)稱負(fù)載及輸出缺相運(yùn)行等幾種負(fù)載形式的閉環(huán)仿真,驗(yàn)證了反饋控制系統(tǒng)能有效消除負(fù)載不平衡時(shí)對(duì)電壓不對(duì)稱的影響,三相電壓不對(duì)稱率低于5%,控制策略是可行且有效的。
[Abstract]:One of the most important parameters of power quality is the voltage balance, which affects the safety and normal operation of power equipment. Three-phase high performance inverter is widely used in some important industrial equipments as the core component, so it is very important to study the high performance three-phase inverter to improve the power quality. The main circuit system model of two kinds of bridge leg inverter is deduced in detail. It is known that for unbalanced load or nonlinear load, the three-leg inverter can not make the output voltage of the system meet the requirements of national standard. The four-leg inverter can adjust the midpoint potential between the three phases and maintain the symmetry of the three-phase voltage, and the extra leg provides the output channel for the unbalanced current. In order to realize the high symmetry of the output voltage of the three-phase inverter and the separate control of each phase, the four-arm structure and the classical PI double closed-loop control strategy are adopted in this paper. For the feedback control system, the three-phase voltage symmetry component method is used to decompose the positive sequence, the negative sequence and the zero sequence. After the positive and negative sequence Park conversion, the coupling DQ axis voltage and current components are obtained. In order to realize decoupling of each component in DQ coordinate system, adding current feedforward decoupling regulator, the output D axis and Q axis component can be converted into independent direct flow, which is convenient to realize the control scheme of high precision and low steady state error. The output voltage of the inverter is highly symmetrical. The zero sequence component is zero in the DQ rotation coordinate system, and the zero sequence component can be realized by using a simple error PI regulator. By comparing with the three-arm two-dimensional pulse width modulation method, the three-dimension space voltage vector modulation scheme of the four-arm topology structure in the abc coordinate system is deduced, and the three-dimensional space voltage vector modulation scheme is studied in detail. The implementation steps of the simplified scheme are designed to provide eight control signals for the switching devices of the four-leg inverter, to realize the orderly opening and switching off of the four-leg power devices, and to ensure the symmetry of the output voltage. The hardware circuit of three-phase four-bridge inverter is designed in detail and the program code based on DSP processor is written. Through the closed-loop simulation of several load forms, such as resistive symmetric load and resistive asymmetric load, nonlinear asymmetric load and output short phase operation, it is verified that the feedback control system can effectively eliminate the effect of load imbalance on voltage asymmetry. The three-phase voltage asymmetry ratio is less than 5, and the control strategy is feasible and effective.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TM464

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本文編號(hào)：2313339