【摘要】：隨著人們生活水平的提高,發(fā)電站裝機總?cè)萘咳找嬖龃?我國對電力系統(tǒng)的研究人員的需求量日益增多。在對研究人員的培訓(xùn)過程中,高校和電力部門主要采用根據(jù)相似定理建立電力系統(tǒng)培訓(xùn)實驗系統(tǒng)對學(xué)員進行培訓(xùn)。傳統(tǒng)的電力系統(tǒng)實驗培訓(xùn)系統(tǒng)以模擬電路為主,存在電路復(fù)雜、抗干擾能力差等缺點,目前基本上已經(jīng)被淘汰。采用數(shù)字控制的培訓(xùn)系統(tǒng)克服了模擬電路帶來的不足,在實時性和可靠性上有了很大的提高。本文設(shè)計了以DSP為控制芯片的模擬發(fā)電機調(diào)速裝置。該裝置能夠?qū)δM發(fā)電機的轉(zhuǎn)速進行測量與調(diào)節(jié),同時也可以實時測量發(fā)電機的功角。本文首先從電力發(fā)展、發(fā)電機的轉(zhuǎn)速和功角對電力系統(tǒng)的影響兩個方面闡述了模擬發(fā)電機調(diào)速裝置的研究背景與意義。然后對發(fā)電機的轉(zhuǎn)速和功角的測量方法進行了介紹。模擬發(fā)電機調(diào)速系統(tǒng)選擇增量式光電編碼器作為測速元件,將電機的轉(zhuǎn)速轉(zhuǎn)換為脈沖信號給DSP進行檢測。選擇了M法測速法作為發(fā)電機轉(zhuǎn)速的測量方法。選擇增量式PID算法作為轉(zhuǎn)速控制測量的控制算法,選擇數(shù)模轉(zhuǎn)換芯片將轉(zhuǎn)速控制信號選擇直接測量法作為功角的測量方法。在硬件設(shè)計方面,根據(jù)DSP資源的特點結(jié)合所需的功能設(shè)計了測量部分和人機交互部分的各個電路。采用RS485通信電路與上位機進行通信。測量部分與人機交互部分采用CAN總線連接。在軟件設(shè)計方面,以CCS為軟件編譯環(huán)境,采用C語言為編譯語言,按照層次化、模塊化的軟件設(shè)計思想對測量部分和人機交互部分進行了軟件設(shè)計。最后搭建實驗平臺對裝置進行了測試,測試結(jié)果表明模擬發(fā)電機調(diào)速裝置運行穩(wěn)定,能完成對轉(zhuǎn)速和功角的測量,對轉(zhuǎn)速的調(diào)節(jié)性能良好,可以滿足模擬發(fā)電機系統(tǒng)的功能需求。本文設(shè)計的模擬發(fā)電機調(diào)速裝置具有結(jié)構(gòu)簡單、集成度高,便于維護等特點,目前已經(jīng)開發(fā)成產(chǎn)品并投入一些高校使用,效果良好,具有一定的推廣價值。
[Abstract]:With the improvement of people's living standard, the total installed capacity of power station is increasing day by day, and the demand for researchers of power system is increasing day by day in our country. In the process of training the researchers, universities and power departments mainly use the power system training experiment system based on the similarity theorem to train the students. The traditional power system experiment training system is based on analog circuit, which has the disadvantages of complex circuit and poor anti-interference ability, and has been basically eliminated at present. The training system based on digital control overcomes the shortage of analog circuit and improves the real-time and reliability greatly. In this paper, an analog generator speed regulating device based on DSP is designed. The device can measure and adjust the speed of the analog generator and measure the power angle of the generator in real time. In this paper, the research background and significance of analog generator speed regulating device are first expounded from two aspects: the development of electric power, the influence of generator speed and power angle on power system. Then the measuring method of generator speed and power angle is introduced. The incremental photoelectric encoder is selected as the speed measuring component in the analog generator speed regulating system, and the speed of the motor is converted into a pulse signal to be detected by DSP. M method is chosen to measure the speed of generator. The incremental PID algorithm is chosen as the control algorithm for speed control measurement, and the direct measurement method for speed control signal is chosen as the power angle measurement method in digital-analog converter chip. In the aspect of hardware design, according to the characteristics of DSP resources, the circuits of measurement and man-machine interaction are designed. The RS485 communication circuit is used to communicate with the host computer. The measurement part and the human-computer interaction part are connected by CAN bus. In the aspect of software design, the software design of measurement part and man-machine interaction part is carried out by using CCS as software compiling environment and C language as compiler language, according to hierarchical and modular software design idea. Finally, an experimental platform is built to test the device. The test results show that the speed regulation device of the analog generator is stable, can complete the measurement of speed and power angle, and has good performance in regulating the speed of the generator. It can meet the functional requirements of analog generator system. The speed regulating device of analog generator designed in this paper has the characteristics of simple structure, high integration and easy maintenance. At present, it has been developed into a product and put into use in some colleges and universities. It has a good effect and has certain popularization value.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TM31

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