基于PSCAD的直流微電網(wǎng)建模及控制策略研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-10-29 14:31
【摘要】：當今世界由于環(huán)境嚴重污染、能源日益緊缺等危機日益凸顯,傳統(tǒng)大電網(wǎng)的發(fā)展將面臨著許多問題。在這種情況下,分布式電源以一種清潔可再生能源的形式成為未來電力系統(tǒng)發(fā)展的重要推動力。除了具備保護環(huán)境和可再生的優(yōu)勢之外,分布式能源還可以就地消耗電能、節(jié)省輸變電費用,但分布式電源的隨機波動性大、可控性差、單機接入成本高,這些缺陷制約了分布式電源的發(fā)展,限制了分布式電源對大電網(wǎng)的高滲透率,嚴重影響了分布式電源的效能發(fā)揮。微電網(wǎng)的引入,為解決分布式電源與大電網(wǎng)之間的矛盾提供了新的方法。微電網(wǎng)的形式主要分為交流微電網(wǎng)和直流微電網(wǎng),直流微電網(wǎng)以其控制簡單、損耗較小等優(yōu)勢成為了現(xiàn)今研究的焦點,因此本文以直流微電網(wǎng)作為研究對象。本文研究了多種分布式電源和儲能裝置的原理,綜合分析了各自的性能特點和控制方法,依據(jù)數(shù)學模型在PSCAD電力系統(tǒng)仿真平臺上分別建立了光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)模型、直驅(qū)永磁風機發(fā)電系統(tǒng)模型、鉛酸蓄電池儲能模型和交流大電網(wǎng)模型。通過直流母線將各電源模型與系統(tǒng)負荷連接在一起,構(gòu)成直流微電網(wǎng)模型。為驗證微電網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)模型的穩(wěn)定性,對光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)模型、直驅(qū)永磁風機發(fā)電系統(tǒng)模型、鉛酸蓄電池儲能模型和交流大電網(wǎng)模型進行狀態(tài)空間建模。根據(jù)微網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)模型的組成結(jié)構(gòu),將各狀態(tài)空間方程聯(lián)立成微分方程組,應用李雅普諾夫穩(wěn)定性分析法分析了系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定性。針對當前直流微電網(wǎng)控制中存在的一些缺陷,提出了一種基于預測的直流微電網(wǎng)控制策略,將控制策略應用于所建立的直流微電網(wǎng)模型中,設計了可以測試該控制策略有效性的情境。通過開啟預測和關閉預測時母線電壓波動的對比仿真實驗,驗證了該控制策略在并網(wǎng)運行轉(zhuǎn)換為孤島運行、有較大光照強度變化、有較大負荷接入或切除時,具有預測和平緩直流母線電壓波動的功能。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, due to the serious environmental pollution and the increasing shortage of energy in the world, the development of the traditional power grid will face many problems. In this case, distributed power generation as a clean and renewable energy becomes an important driving force for the development of power systems in the future. In addition to the advantages of environmental protection and renewable, distributed energy can consume electricity locally and save the cost of transmission and transformation. However, the random volatility of distributed power supply is large, the controllability is poor, and the cost of single machine access is high. These defects restrict the development of distributed generation, limit the high permeability of distributed generation to large power grid, and seriously affect the efficiency of distributed generation. The introduction of microgrid provides a new method to solve the contradiction between distributed generation and large power grid. The microgrid is mainly divided into AC microgrid and DC microgrid. The DC microgrid has become the focus of research because of its advantages of simple control and low loss, so this paper takes DC microgrid as the research object. In this paper, the principles of various distributed power sources and energy storage devices are studied, and their performance characteristics and control methods are comprehensively analyzed. Based on the mathematical model, the photovoltaic power system models are established on the PSCAD power system simulation platform, respectively. Direct drive permanent magnet fan generation system model, lead acid battery energy storage model and AC large grid model. Each power supply model is connected with the system load by DC busbar to form a DC microgrid model. In order to verify the stability of the microgrid system model, the state space models of photovoltaic system model, direct-drive permanent magnet fan system model, lead-acid battery energy storage model and AC large grid model were established. According to the structure of the microgrid system model, the state space equations are combined into differential equations, and the stability of the system is analyzed by Lyapunov stability analysis method. Aiming at some defects in DC microgrid control, a predictive based DC microgrid control strategy is proposed. The control strategy is applied to the established DC microgrid model. A situation is designed to test the effectiveness of the control strategy. Through the comparative simulation experiments of bus voltage fluctuation during the open and off prediction, it is verified that the control strategy can be changed into island operation in grid-connected operation, and the light intensity is changed greatly, and when the load is connected or cut off, the control strategy can be obtained. It has the function of predicting and smoothing DC bus voltage fluctuation.
【學位授予單位】：東北大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM727
[Abstract]:Nowadays, due to the serious environmental pollution and the increasing shortage of energy in the world, the development of the traditional power grid will face many problems. In this case, distributed power generation as a clean and renewable energy becomes an important driving force for the development of power systems in the future. In addition to the advantages of environmental protection and renewable, distributed energy can consume electricity locally and save the cost of transmission and transformation. However, the random volatility of distributed power supply is large, the controllability is poor, and the cost of single machine access is high. These defects restrict the development of distributed generation, limit the high permeability of distributed generation to large power grid, and seriously affect the efficiency of distributed generation. The introduction of microgrid provides a new method to solve the contradiction between distributed generation and large power grid. The microgrid is mainly divided into AC microgrid and DC microgrid. The DC microgrid has become the focus of research because of its advantages of simple control and low loss, so this paper takes DC microgrid as the research object. In this paper, the principles of various distributed power sources and energy storage devices are studied, and their performance characteristics and control methods are comprehensively analyzed. Based on the mathematical model, the photovoltaic power system models are established on the PSCAD power system simulation platform, respectively. Direct drive permanent magnet fan generation system model, lead acid battery energy storage model and AC large grid model. Each power supply model is connected with the system load by DC busbar to form a DC microgrid model. In order to verify the stability of the microgrid system model, the state space models of photovoltaic system model, direct-drive permanent magnet fan system model, lead-acid battery energy storage model and AC large grid model were established. According to the structure of the microgrid system model, the state space equations are combined into differential equations, and the stability of the system is analyzed by Lyapunov stability analysis method. Aiming at some defects in DC microgrid control, a predictive based DC microgrid control strategy is proposed. The control strategy is applied to the established DC microgrid model. A situation is designed to test the effectiveness of the control strategy. Through the comparative simulation experiments of bus voltage fluctuation during the open and off prediction, it is verified that the control strategy can be changed into island operation in grid-connected operation, and the light intensity is changed greatly, and when the load is connected or cut off, the control strategy can be obtained. It has the function of predicting and smoothing DC bus voltage fluctuation.
【學位授予單位】：東北大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM727
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