【摘要】：“低碳”問題是當(dāng)今世界關(guān)注的熱點(diǎn)，也是人類社會(huì)共同面對的挑戰(zhàn)。能源約束和氣候變化是低碳問題的主導(dǎo)因素，相應(yīng)的節(jié)能減排成為了“低碳”問題主要的解決方案。隨著《京都議定書》的簽訂，，溫室氣體減排得到迅速發(fā)展，特別是CDM項(xiàng)目的開展，使碳的減排量成為一種新的商品。我國政府正在探索一條符合自身實(shí)際國情的碳交易市場發(fā)展路徑，積極應(yīng)對氣候變化，將節(jié)約能源和應(yīng)對氣候變化作為社會(huì)發(fā)展的重大戰(zhàn)略方針。 垃圾焚燒發(fā)電項(xiàng)目具有良好的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益和社會(huì)效益，既可以降低垃圾處理的溫室氣體排放量，又可以將垃圾作為能源得到有效利用。垃圾焚燒發(fā)電將在國家“十二五”期間得到大力推廣。 本文以垃圾焚燒發(fā)電項(xiàng)目溫室氣體減排計(jì)算方法作為研究對象。首先，對國內(nèi)外垃圾處理現(xiàn)狀及技術(shù)進(jìn)行了綜述；其次，對垃圾焚燒發(fā)電產(chǎn)業(yè)進(jìn)行了分析，提出了相應(yīng)的發(fā)展對策和建議；然后，對生命周期評價(jià)法(LCA)和CDM方法學(xué)ACM0022進(jìn)行了解讀，研究了計(jì)算方法的適用性和計(jì)算過程；最后，針對具體案例，分別采用LCA和CDM方法學(xué)ACM0022對垃圾焚燒發(fā)電項(xiàng)目溫室氣體減排量進(jìn)行了計(jì)算，根據(jù)計(jì)算結(jié)果探討了這兩種計(jì)算方法在我國的適用性，并進(jìn)一步分析了影響溫室氣體減排量的因素。研究結(jié)果表明：垃圾焚燒發(fā)電項(xiàng)目可以產(chǎn)生較高的溫室氣體減排量；LCA與CDM方法學(xué)均適用于垃圾焚燒發(fā)電項(xiàng)目減排量計(jì)算，但適用條件不同。CDM方法學(xué)更適用于“可報(bào)告，可監(jiān)測，可核查”的項(xiàng)目碳交易方式；垃圾焚燒發(fā)電項(xiàng)目中溫室氣體減排量的影響因素主要包括垃圾處理量，垃圾含水率以及鍋爐效率。 本文的研究為我國垃圾焚燒發(fā)電項(xiàng)目溫室氣體減排的計(jì)算提供了參考，進(jìn)一步完善了“可報(bào)告、可監(jiān)測、可核查”的碳市場交易體系。
[Abstract]:Low-carbon problem is the focus of attention in the world today, and it is also a common challenge to human society. Energy constraints and climate change are the leading factors of low-carbon problem, and the corresponding energy saving and emission reduction become the main solution to the low-carbon problem. With the signing of Kyoto Protocol, greenhouse gas emission reduction has been developed rapidly, especially with the development of CDM project, which makes carbon emission reduction a new commodity. Our government is exploring a development path of carbon trading market in accordance with its own actual conditions, actively dealing with climate change, and taking energy conservation and climate change as the major strategic policy of social development. The waste incineration power generation project has good economic and social benefits. It can not only reduce the greenhouse gas emissions from waste disposal, but also make effective use of garbage as energy. Waste incineration power generation will be vigorously promoted during the "12 th five-year Plan" period. In this paper, the calculation method of greenhouse gas emission reduction in MSW incineration power generation project is taken as the research object. Firstly, the current situation and technology of waste disposal at home and abroad are summarized. Secondly, the industry of waste incineration power generation is analyzed, and the corresponding development countermeasures and suggestions are put forward. The life cycle evaluation method (LCA) and the CDM methodology ACM0022 are interpreted, and the applicability and calculation process of the calculation method are studied. The LCA and CDM methodology ACM0022 were used to calculate the greenhouse gas emission reduction in MSW incineration power generation project. The applicability of the two methods in China was discussed according to the results of the calculation, and the factors affecting the greenhouse gas emission reduction were further analyzed. The results show that: the MSW incineration power generation project can produce high greenhouse gas emission reduction, and both LCA and CDM methodologies are applicable to the calculation of emission reduction in MSW incineration power generation projects, but the applicable conditions are different. CDM methodology is more suitable for "reportable," The main factors affecting greenhouse gas emission reduction in MSW incineration power generation project include waste disposal amount, waste moisture content and boiler efficiency. The research in this paper provides a reference for the calculation of greenhouse gas emission reduction in the waste incineration power generation project in China, and further improves the carbon market trading system of "reportable, monitored and verifiable".
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北工程大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：X773

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