【摘要】：提高電網(wǎng)智能化水平是電力工業(yè)適應(yīng)未來可持續(xù)發(fā)展的要求,積極應(yīng)對未來挑戰(zhàn)的選擇。智能配電網(wǎng)是智能電網(wǎng)的重要組成部分,是直接與用戶相連并向用戶分配電能的環(huán)節(jié),與人們生活密切相關(guān)。斷路器作為配電網(wǎng)的重要設(shè)備,其動作可靠性的高低直接影響著配電網(wǎng)的穩(wěn)定與否。智能電網(wǎng)要求開關(guān)設(shè)備具有高可靠性、快速動作能力以及更小的分散性等。永磁機構(gòu)自身具有的結(jié)構(gòu)簡單、機械可靠性高、易于實現(xiàn)控制、永磁保持能耗低等特點,使之成為斷路器的一種重要操動機構(gòu),有助于實現(xiàn)斷路器的智能化。以現(xiàn)有單穩(wěn)態(tài)永磁操動機構(gòu)為研究對象,尋找優(yōu)化永磁機構(gòu)性能的方法,提出了一種新型的包含兩個動鐵心的雙動鐵心永磁操動機構(gòu)。實驗表明,其對永磁機構(gòu)性能的提高效果顯著。 分析了永磁機構(gòu)的概況,包括永磁機構(gòu)的發(fā)展歷程、重要產(chǎn)品、市場現(xiàn)狀、我國永磁機構(gòu)的發(fā)展過程與存在的問題等。分析了永磁機構(gòu)的結(jié)構(gòu)特點與工作原理,并對單穩(wěn)態(tài)永磁機構(gòu)和雙穩(wěn)態(tài)永磁機構(gòu)進(jìn)行了全面的比較。選取單穩(wěn)態(tài)永磁機構(gòu)作為研究對象,分析了其靜態(tài)特性和動態(tài)特性,并運用數(shù)值分析方法與計算機仿真技術(shù)對永磁機構(gòu)的特性進(jìn)行計算。 永磁機構(gòu)的結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸影響機構(gòu)動作過程中磁路的飽和度,飽和度的高低會對機構(gòu)性能產(chǎn)生不同程度的影響。據(jù)此提出了利用調(diào)整磁路飽和度的方法優(yōu)化永磁機構(gòu)性能,研究了磁路飽和度與永磁機構(gòu)性能的關(guān)系,通過Ansoft Maxwell確定最優(yōu)尺寸并與原機構(gòu)進(jìn)行比較,得到性能更優(yōu)的永磁機構(gòu)。 為降低永磁機構(gòu)的動作能耗,提出了一種包含兩個動鐵心的新型永磁機構(gòu)。新機構(gòu)在傳統(tǒng)機構(gòu)單動鐵心的上部增加一個輔動鐵心,在合閘過程中可以起到將部分氣隙短路的作用,能夠有效降低合閘能量,降低滅弧室剛合速度,延長斷路器壽命。確定機構(gòu)尺寸,結(jié)果表明,新型機構(gòu)在分、合閘多項性能指標(biāo)上,較傳統(tǒng)機構(gòu)有所提高。作為還有待完善的一種機構(gòu),其具有一定的上升空間。
[Abstract]:To improve the intelligent level of power grid is the choice of power industry to adapt to the future sustainable development and actively meet the challenges in the future. Smart distribution network is an important part of smart grid. It is a link that connects directly with users and distributes electricity to users. It is closely related to people's lives. As an important equipment of distribution network, the reliability of circuit breaker's action directly affects the stability of distribution network. Smart grid requires high reliability, fast action and less dispersion of switchgear. The permanent magnet mechanism has the characteristics of simple structure, high mechanical reliability, easy control and low energy consumption, which makes it an important operating mechanism for circuit breakers and helps to realize the intelligence of circuit breakers. A new type of double core permanent magnet actuator with two moving cores is proposed, which is based on the existing monolithic permanent magnet actuator and the method of optimizing the performance of the permanent magnet mechanism. The experimental results show that the performance of the permanent magnet mechanism is improved remarkably. This paper analyzes the general situation of permanent magnet mechanism, including the development course of permanent magnet mechanism, important products, market situation, the development process and existing problems of permanent magnet mechanism in China. The structure characteristics and working principle of the permanent magnet mechanism are analyzed, and the comparison between the Monostable permanent magnet mechanism and the bistable permanent magnet mechanism is made. The static and dynamic characteristics of the monolithic permanent magnet mechanism are analyzed, and the characteristics of the permanent magnet mechanism are calculated by numerical analysis and computer simulation. The structure size of the permanent magnet mechanism affects the saturation of the magnetic circuit in the course of the mechanism operation, and the degree of saturation affects the performance of the mechanism to varying degrees. Based on this, the method of adjusting magnetic circuit saturation is put forward to optimize the performance of permanent magnet mechanism. The relationship between magnetic circuit saturation and permanent magnetic mechanism is studied. The optimal size is determined by Ansoft Maxwell and compared with the original mechanism, and a better permanent magnetic mechanism is obtained. In order to reduce the action energy consumption of the permanent magnet mechanism, a new type of permanent magnet mechanism with two moving cores is proposed. The new mechanism adds an auxiliary core to the upper part of the single moving core of the traditional mechanism, which can short-circuit part of the air gap in the closing process, which can effectively reduce the closing energy, reduce the starting speed of the interrupter, and prolong the life of the circuit breaker. The results show that the new mechanism is better than the traditional mechanism in many performance indexes. As a kind of organization that needs to be perfected, it has certain rising space.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM561

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