【摘要】：在塔式太陽能熱發(fā)電系統(tǒng)中,聚焦光斑能流密度的分布是一項(xiàng)重要參數(shù)。它的測量對吸熱器和定日鏡場的性能評估及系統(tǒng)安全監(jiān)控有重要作用。能流密度的連續(xù)測量可以促進(jìn)吸熱器的高效運(yùn)行和定日鏡的定點(diǎn)控制。對于給定的吸熱器,系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)化程度取決于最佳接收位置和能流分布的均勻性,這些參數(shù)是通過修改定日鏡的跟蹤參數(shù)和反射面曲率來改變的。接收面上的能流分布的優(yōu)化可以最大限度地增加吸熱器輸入功率,降低吸熱器上的能流密度峰值,從而減小熱壓力和可能的破壞。本課題的研究目的是在國內(nèi)外理論與實(shí)踐的基礎(chǔ)上對塔式太陽能熱發(fā)電系統(tǒng)中的聚焦光斑能流密度分布的測量方法進(jìn)行研究,設(shè)計(jì)一套可用于商業(yè)太陽能電站吸熱器表面能流密度測量的系統(tǒng)。完成的主要工作如下:1.了解了太陽能熱發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的研究現(xiàn)狀及已有的各種能流密度測量方法。2.對基于“PHLUX”法的新型能流密度間接測量法進(jìn)行了原理論證和公式推導(dǎo),并以其為基礎(chǔ)進(jìn)行了matlab程序的編寫,得到了可以對輸入圖形和數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行處理并輸出光斑的能流密度分布相關(guān)信息的GUI界面。3.計(jì)算了不同聚光比和漫反射板反射率條件下所需的最佳中性密度濾光片衰減比,進(jìn)行了中性密度衰減片的產(chǎn)品調(diào)研。4.進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗(yàn)研究,得到了近球面反射鏡聚焦光斑能流密度分布的測量結(jié)果。根據(jù)光學(xué)模型計(jì)算了所測量的光斑能量的理論值,其中定日鏡上光線的入射角通過使用全站儀測量得到。以光斑能量的理論計(jì)算值為參考,根據(jù)測量值與其的偏差評價(jià)了該測量方法的不確定度。5.通過實(shí)驗(yàn)比較了三種不同材料和價(jià)格的漫反射板的反射特性,為將來的漫反射材料選擇提供了參考。6.從理論公式出發(fā),分析了所研究測量方法的各種可能的不確定度因素,并提出了部分解決方案。
[Abstract]:The distribution of energy flux density of focusing spot is an important parameter in tower solar thermal power generation system. Its measurement plays an important role in the performance evaluation and system safety monitoring of the absorber and helioscope field. The continuous measurement of the energy flow density can promote the efficient operation of the absorber and the control of the fixed point of the helioscope. For a given absorber, the system optimization depends on the optimal receiving position and uniformity of the energy flow distribution. These parameters are changed by modifying the tracking parameters of the helioscope and the curvature of the reflector. The optimization of the energy flow distribution on the receiving surface can increase the input power of the absorber to the maximum extent and reduce the peak energy flow density on the receiver, thus reducing the thermal pressure and possible damage. The purpose of this paper is to study the measurement method of energy flow density distribution of focused spot in tower solar thermal power generation system on the basis of theory and practice at home and abroad. A system for measuring the surface energy flux density of a commercial solar power station absorber is designed. The main work accomplished is as follows: 1: 1. The research status of solar thermal power generation system and the existing energy flux density measurement methods. 2. 2. The principle and formula of the new indirect energy flow density measurement method based on "PHLUX" method are demonstrated and deduced, and the matlab program is written on the basis of it. The GUI interface. 3, which can process the input graphics and data and output the energy flow density distribution information of the spot, is obtained. The optimum attenuation ratio of neutral density filter was calculated under the conditions of different light concentration ratio and diffuse reflectivity. The product investigation of neutral density attenuation plate was carried out. The experimental results of the energy flow density distribution of the focusing spot of the near-spherical mirror are obtained. The theoretical values of the measured spot energy are calculated according to the optical model, in which the incident angle of the light on the helioscope is measured by using a total station. The uncertainty of the method is evaluated according to the deviation between the measured value and the theoretical calculation value of the spot energy. The reflection characteristics of three kinds of diffuser plates with different materials and prices are compared through experiments, which provides a reference for the selection of diffuse reflectors in the future. Based on the theoretical formula, various possible uncertainty factors of the measurement methods studied are analyzed, and some solutions are put forward.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國科學(xué)院研究生院(長春光學(xué)精密機(jī)械與物理研究所)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TM615

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