【摘要】：余壓透平發(fā)電技術(shù)是通過(guò)增加透平發(fā)電裝置將工藝過(guò)程中的液體高壓能量經(jīng)過(guò)透平機(jī)的旋轉(zhuǎn)做功,使其驅(qū)動(dòng)發(fā)電機(jī)發(fā)電,從而實(shí)現(xiàn)能量的回收和再利用。隨著液體能量回收技術(shù)的日益發(fā)展,不同形式的液體余壓能量回收裝置被廣泛運(yùn)用到存在富裕液體壓力能的行業(yè)中,不僅可以實(shí)現(xiàn)能源的回收利用,同時(shí)也可以給企業(yè)帶來(lái)良好的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。本文是以余壓透平發(fā)電技術(shù)在合成氨脫碳工藝中的應(yīng)用為研究基礎(chǔ),對(duì)脫碳工藝中液體壓力能浪費(fèi)現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行了節(jié)能改造,并對(duì)余壓透平發(fā)電系統(tǒng)整體運(yùn)行狀況進(jìn)行研究。本文首先對(duì)余壓透平發(fā)電系統(tǒng)整體結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了分析,提出了系統(tǒng)的總體設(shè)計(jì)方案,以水力透平發(fā)電機(jī)組作為系統(tǒng)的核心機(jī)構(gòu),并對(duì)系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)行效率和性能及工作原理進(jìn)行了分析。其次對(duì)余壓透平發(fā)電系統(tǒng)中液體壓力回收環(huán)節(jié)進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)。采用了變頻調(diào)速控制系統(tǒng)對(duì)壓力、流量進(jìn)行調(diào)節(jié),并選用PID控制算法控制系統(tǒng)的壓力、流量,使系統(tǒng)能夠穩(wěn)定的運(yùn)行。最后對(duì)系統(tǒng)的發(fā)電并網(wǎng)環(huán)節(jié)進(jìn)行了設(shè)計(jì)。通過(guò)對(duì)比分析決定采用一體式水力透平加異步發(fā)電機(jī)的配置方式來(lái)構(gòu)成發(fā)電機(jī)組,采用晶閘管軟并網(wǎng)方式可以使機(jī)組平穩(wěn)順利并網(wǎng)。并對(duì)并網(wǎng)過(guò)程中的轉(zhuǎn)速、電壓等參數(shù)進(jìn)行調(diào)節(jié)和控制。根據(jù)系統(tǒng)的工藝流程,設(shè)計(jì)了電氣控制系統(tǒng)和人機(jī)交互系統(tǒng)。對(duì)分布式余壓透平發(fā)電裝置的控制系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了設(shè)計(jì),分析研究了系統(tǒng)工藝的流程圖,采用PLC控制器作為系統(tǒng)控制的核心,詳細(xì)介紹了系統(tǒng)的軟件編程,對(duì)回收系統(tǒng)各個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)的工作進(jìn)行控制,以達(dá)到系統(tǒng)智能控制及穩(wěn)定的目的。并利用組態(tài)王軟件,設(shè)計(jì)了余壓透平發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的監(jiān)控界面、數(shù)據(jù)顯示界面及報(bào)警界面等�？刂平缑娴囊氡Ｕ狭讼到y(tǒng)的順利運(yùn)行,進(jìn)而實(shí)現(xiàn)智能化監(jiān)控功能;實(shí)時(shí)趨勢(shì)曲線的引入,可以很好的對(duì)余壓透平發(fā)電裝置進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)分析,從而極大的提高系統(tǒng)的工作效率使之穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行。
[Abstract]:The technology of residual pressure turbine power generation is to drive the generator to generate electricity by adding the high pressure energy of liquid in the process of turbine generation through the rotating work of the turbine so as to realize the recovery and reuse of energy. With the development of liquid energy recovery technology, different types of liquid residual pressure energy recovery devices are widely used in the industry with rich liquid pressure energy, which can not only realize the recovery and utilization of energy. At the same time, it can also bring good economic benefits to enterprises. Based on the application of residual pressure turbine power generation technology in ammonia decarburization process, the waste of liquid pressure energy in decarburization process is reformed, and the whole operation condition of residual pressure turbine power generation system is studied in this paper. In this paper, the overall structure of the residual pressure turbine power generation system is analyzed, and the overall design scheme of the system is put forward. The hydraulic turbine generator unit is taken as the core mechanism of the system. The operation efficiency, performance and working principle of the system are analyzed. Secondly, the optimal design of the liquid pressure recovery in the residual pressure turbine system is carried out. The variable frequency speed control system is used to adjust the pressure and flow, and the PID control algorithm is used to control the pressure and flow of the system, so that the system can run stably. Finally, the power generation link of the system is designed. By comparing and analyzing, it is decided to use the configuration mode of integrated hydraulic turbine and asynchronous generator to construct the generator set, and to use the thyristor soft grid-connected mode can make the unit smoothly and smoothly connected to the grid. And the speed, voltage and other parameters in the process of grid connection are adjusted and controlled. According to the technological process of the system, the electrical control system and the man-machine interaction system are designed. The control system of distributed residual pressure turbine generator is designed. The flow chart of the system process is analyzed and studied. The PLC controller is used as the core of the system control, and the software programming of the system is introduced in detail. The work of each link of the recovery system is controlled to achieve the purpose of intelligent control and stability of the system. Using Kingview software, the monitoring interface, data display interface and alarm interface of residual pressure turbine power generation system are designed. The introduction of the control interface ensures the smooth operation of the system and realizes the intelligent monitoring function. The introduction of the real-time trend curve can well analyze the data of the residual pressure turbine generator. Thus greatly improve the working efficiency of the system to make it stable operation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM31

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本文編號(hào)：2251260