【摘要】：在人類一次能源日益減少,環(huán)境日益惡化的今天,風(fēng)能作為一種清潔可再生原源受到了全世界的關(guān)注。隨著技術(shù)進(jìn)步和環(huán)境保護(hù)事業(yè)的發(fā)展,風(fēng)能市場(chǎng)也迅速發(fā)展起來(lái)。自2004年以來(lái),全球風(fēng)力發(fā)電量翻了一番。預(yù)計(jì)未來(lái)20-25年內(nèi),風(fēng)能發(fā)電在商業(yè)上將完全可以與火力發(fā)電競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。近年來(lái)風(fēng)力發(fā)電市場(chǎng)爆發(fā)式增長(zhǎng)的局面。因?yàn)閭鹘y(tǒng)測(cè)試平臺(tái)投資成本高,風(fēng)機(jī)測(cè)試驗(yàn)證能源消耗巨大和測(cè)試覆蓋率低等問(wèn)題,使風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)組無(wú)法得到充分測(cè)試,無(wú)法滿足所有工況下的產(chǎn)品性能測(cè)試,導(dǎo)致風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)組可靠性低,質(zhì)量缺陷引發(fā)各種重大安全事故。傳統(tǒng)風(fēng)力發(fā)電測(cè)試平臺(tái)測(cè)試覆蓋率低,無(wú)法實(shí)現(xiàn)多個(gè)機(jī)型兼容一個(gè)測(cè)試平臺(tái)等缺陷。安全事故暴露的各種測(cè)試盲點(diǎn),也對(duì)風(fēng)力發(fā)電系統(tǒng)測(cè)試平臺(tái)的提出了更高的要求。如何在保證產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量的前提下,實(shí)現(xiàn)風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)組控制代碼和算法的自動(dòng)化測(cè)試,開(kāi)發(fā)靈活,多種測(cè)試機(jī)型可配置的高精度自動(dòng)化測(cè)試平臺(tái)已經(jīng)刻不容緩。在此背景下,本文闡述了一種對(duì)雙饋風(fēng)力發(fā)電系統(tǒng)(Doubly-Fed Induction Generator,簡(jiǎn)稱DFIG)進(jìn)行測(cè)試驗(yàn)證的新型硬件在環(huán)測(cè)試平臺(tái)。將已經(jīng)在汽車電子中得到廣泛應(yīng)用的硬件在環(huán)實(shí)時(shí)仿真測(cè)試系統(tǒng),運(yùn)用到風(fēng)力發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的測(cè)試驗(yàn)證中。本測(cè)試平臺(tái)通過(guò)風(fēng)力發(fā)電核心控制器+軟件模型,以半實(shí)物+半仿真的硬件在環(huán)方式實(shí)現(xiàn)風(fēng)力發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的測(cè)試驗(yàn)證。用軟件的方式將風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)組的電氣部件轉(zhuǎn)換為實(shí)時(shí)模型,解決了傳統(tǒng)風(fēng)力發(fā)電系統(tǒng)實(shí)物測(cè)試的缺陷,避免了現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)物測(cè)試的危險(xiǎn)性和對(duì)各種風(fēng)況輸入測(cè)試條件的依賴;可以靈活的改變測(cè)試條件,并且可以實(shí)現(xiàn)各種測(cè)試機(jī)型的快速切換,不僅降低了測(cè)試系統(tǒng)的開(kāi)發(fā)成本和測(cè)試成本,也提高了產(chǎn)品測(cè)試精度和測(cè)試覆蓋率。文中提到的硬件在環(huán)測(cè)試平臺(tái)通過(guò)電磁暫態(tài)仿真軟件Star Sim將被測(cè)對(duì)象的電氣模型轉(zhuǎn)換為Star Sim實(shí)時(shí)模型。Star Sim實(shí)時(shí)模型轉(zhuǎn)換為L(zhǎng)ab VIEW Express VI,然后轉(zhuǎn)換為可以執(zhí)行的Lab VIEW代碼運(yùn)行在National Instruments(簡(jiǎn)稱NI)公司基于PXI總線的實(shí)時(shí)CPU和FPGA硬件平臺(tái)上。通過(guò)硬件接口和被測(cè)對(duì)象進(jìn)行物理連接,硬件在環(huán)測(cè)試平臺(tái)通過(guò)實(shí)時(shí)仿真將模型中電壓和電流信號(hào)通過(guò)FPGA輸出模塊提供給被測(cè)對(duì)象,該被測(cè)對(duì)象根據(jù)接收到的電壓和電流信號(hào),提供一個(gè)反饋信號(hào)給硬件在環(huán)系統(tǒng),進(jìn)而構(gòu)成一個(gè)閉環(huán)。本文的具體研究工作如下:第一,研究硬件在環(huán)基本原理,發(fā)展歷史。明確風(fēng)力發(fā)電系統(tǒng)硬件在環(huán)測(cè)試平臺(tái)的研究目的和研究前景。綜合分析硬件在環(huán)測(cè)試系統(tǒng)相較于傳統(tǒng)測(cè)試平臺(tái)的優(yōu)勢(shì),了解國(guó)內(nèi)外風(fēng)電企業(yè)和各高校對(duì)雙饋風(fēng)力發(fā)電系統(tǒng)硬件在環(huán)的開(kāi)發(fā)情況。第二,提出風(fēng)力發(fā)電系統(tǒng)硬件在環(huán)測(cè)試平臺(tái)設(shè)計(jì)方案;綜合分析國(guó)內(nèi)外對(duì)電氣模型軟件實(shí)現(xiàn)的發(fā)展和成果。第三,根據(jù)設(shè)計(jì)方案和所要匹配的測(cè)試風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)型對(duì)軟件和硬件進(jìn)行選型。本文主要基于NI公司的Lab VIEW軟件和PXI總線的硬件系統(tǒng)作為系統(tǒng)的構(gòu)成。第四,硬件在環(huán)測(cè)試平臺(tái)實(shí)現(xiàn)。Lab VIEW完成實(shí)時(shí)仿真的軟件實(shí)現(xiàn);基于PXI總線的FPGA,工業(yè)CPU和輸入輸出模塊構(gòu)成硬件部分,向被測(cè)對(duì)象的核心控制器提供仿真后的物理信號(hào)。第五,硬件在環(huán)測(cè)試平臺(tái)實(shí)現(xiàn)結(jié)果的檢驗(yàn)。經(jīng)過(guò)參數(shù)的設(shè)定后,配合核心控制器實(shí)物模擬實(shí)際風(fēng)力發(fā)電系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行仿真。作為本文的成果,雙饋風(fēng)力發(fā)電系統(tǒng)硬件在環(huán)測(cè)試平臺(tái)已經(jīng)完成基本功能開(kāi)發(fā);在性能上,達(dá)到了預(yù)期的目標(biāo)。
[Abstract]:With the development of technology and environmental protection, the wind energy market has developed rapidly. Since 2004, the global wind power generation has doubled. It is expected that wind power will be generated in the next 20-25 years. In recent years, the wind power market has witnessed an explosive growth. Because of the high investment cost of traditional test platforms, huge energy consumption and low test coverage, wind turbines can not be fully tested and can not meet the requirements of product performance testing under all operating conditions. The traditional wind power test platform has low test coverage and can not realize the compatibility of multiple wind turbines with one test platform. Under the premise of guaranteeing the quality of the products, it is urgent to realize the automatic test of the control codes and algorithms of the wind turbines, develop flexible and configurable high-precision automatic test platforms for various test models. The hardware-in-the-loop real-time simulation test system, which has been widely used in automotive electronics, is applied to the test and verification of wind power generation system. Testing and validation of wind power generation system. Converting the electrical components of wind turbines into real-time models by software solves the defects of traditional wind power generation system physical testing, avoids the danger of on-site physical testing and the dependence on various wind input test conditions, and can flexibly change the test conditions, and can be implemented. The rapid switching of various test models not only reduces the development cost and test cost of the test system, but also improves the test precision and test coverage of the products. Lab VIEW Express VI is converted to Lab VIEW Express VI, and then converted to executable Lab VIEW code running on the PXI-based real-time CPU and FPGA hardware platform of National Instruments (NI). According to the received voltage and current signals, the tested object provides a feedback signal to the hardware-in-the-loop system, and then forms a closed-loop. The specific research work of this paper is as follows: First, the basic principle of hardware-in-the-loop and the development history of the hardware-in-the-loop are studied. The research purpose and Prospect of the platform are summarized. The advantages of the hardware-in-the-loop test system over the traditional test platform are analyzed comprehensively to understand the development of the hardware-in-the-loop of the doubly-fed wind power generation system in domestic and foreign wind power enterprises and universities. Secondly, the design scheme of the hardware-in-the-loop test platform for the wind power generation system is proposed. The development and achievement of gas model software. Thirdly, the software and hardware are selected according to the design scheme and the type of wind turbine to be matched. This paper is mainly based on the Lab VIEW software of NI company and the hardware system of PXI bus. Fourthly, the hardware-in-the-loop test platform is implemented. Lab VIEW completes the real-time simulation. Software implementation; based on the PXI bus FPGA, the industrial CPU and the input and output module constitute the hardware part to provide the simulated physical signal to the core controller of the tested object. Fifth, the hardware in the loop test platform to verify the results. After the parameters are set, with the core controller to simulate the actual wind power system simulation. As the result of this paper, the hardware-in-the-loop test platform of doubly-fed wind power generation system has completed the basic function development, and achieved the expected goal in performance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TP274;TM614

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本文編號(hào)：2249069