【摘要】：長(zhǎng)久以來(lái)鉛酸蓄電池在化學(xué)電源領(lǐng)域具有不可取代的地位,但是傳統(tǒng)的鉛酸電池作為動(dòng)力電池使用時(shí)有比能量低、壽命短等劣勢(shì),特別是近年來(lái)綠色能源科技的興起,對(duì)無(wú)鉛或少鉛電池的應(yīng)用提出了新的需求。為了開發(fā)一款高比能量、長(zhǎng)壽命的雙極性鉛鋰電池,本文對(duì)復(fù)合鈦基板、鋁基板的制備工藝進(jìn)行了研究,制備了鉛鋰電池并對(duì)其進(jìn)行了性能測(cè)試。首先,以恒流法在鈦板的表面電聚合生成聚苯胺膜層。該方法得到的膜層除了具有良好的導(dǎo)電性外,還可以使水的分解電勢(shì)明顯正移,從而抑制了電池充放電過(guò)程中析氫反應(yīng)的發(fā)生。同時(shí)聚苯胺膜層的存在還可以避免鈦上氧化物的生成,使鈦基板在高電極電位和強(qiáng)氧化性條件下保持穩(wěn)定,保證了電池具有良好的電化學(xué)性能和穩(wěn)定性。以電鍍法在鋁板的表面生成鍍鉛層,可以有效的防止鋁基體在電池循環(huán)中被腐蝕破壞,同時(shí)鍍鉛層與活性物質(zhì)具有良好的結(jié)合力,避免了活性物質(zhì)在電化學(xué)反應(yīng)中的脫落,保證了電池的性能穩(wěn)定。裝配單體鉛鋰電池,并對(duì)其進(jìn)行性能測(cè)試發(fā)現(xiàn):單體電池以小電流(200m A/g)充放電時(shí),正極活性物質(zhì)Li Mn2O4的放電比容量為98m Ah/g,以大電流(300m A/g)充放電時(shí),正極活性物質(zhì)Li Mn2O4的放電比容量為64m Ah/g。鈦基雙極性電池200m A/g充放電時(shí),Li Mn2O4的放電比容量為113m Ah/g,300m A/g充放電時(shí),Li Mn2O4的放電比容量為95m Ah/g;鋁基雙極性電池200m A/g充放電時(shí),Li Mn2O4的放電比容量為100-105m Ah/g,300m A/g充放電時(shí),Li Mn2O4的比容量穩(wěn)定性比較差,在75-110 m A/g的范圍內(nèi),但也比單體電池高。此外,中性鉛鋰電池的自放電較小,靜置6天后,以200m A/g的電流充放電時(shí),電池仍然可以保持1.240V的放電電壓,具有了很好的儲(chǔ)存性能。綜合來(lái)說(shuō),雙極性鉛鋰電池具有比單體鉛鋰電池更優(yōu)異的性能,是未來(lái)可發(fā)展的一種新型節(jié)鉛電池。
[Abstract]:Lead-acid batteries have been playing an irreplaceable role in the field of chemical power supply for a long time, but the traditional lead-acid batteries have some disadvantages such as low specific energy and short life, especially the rise of green energy technology in recent years. New requirements for the application of lead-free or low-lead batteries are proposed. In order to develop a bipolar lead-lithium battery with high specific energy and long life, the preparation process of composite titanium substrate and aluminum substrate was studied in this paper, and the properties of lead-lithium battery were tested. First, Polyaniline film was formed by electropolymerization on the surface of titanium plate by constant current method. In addition to the good conductivity, the film obtained by this method can also make the decomposition potential of water move positively, thus inhibiting the hydrogen evolution reaction in the charging and discharging process of the battery. At the same time, the existence of Polyaniline film can avoid the formation of oxides on the titanium substrate, and keep the titanium substrate stable under the conditions of high electrode potential and strong oxidation, thus ensuring the good electrochemical performance and stability of the battery. Lead plating on the surface of aluminum plate by electroplating can effectively prevent the aluminum substrate from being corroded and destroyed in the battery cycle. At the same time, the lead plating layer has a good binding force with the active material, and the active material is avoided from falling off in the electrochemical reaction. The performance of the battery is guaranteed to be stable. Assembling the lead lithium battery and testing its performance, it is found that when the single battery charges and discharges at a low current (200mAr / g), the discharge specific capacity of the cathode active substance Li Mn2O4 is 98m Ah/g, with a high current (300mAr / g). The specific discharge capacity of the cathode active substance Li Mn2O4 is 64m Ah/g.. The specific discharge capacity of Li Mn2O4 is 113m Ah/g,300m / g during charge / discharge of titanium based bipolar battery Li Mn2O4 is 95 m Ah/g; / g / g charge / discharge specific capacity of Li Mn2O4 is 100-105 Ah/g,300m / g / g charge / discharge capacity of Li / Mn2O4 is 100 ~ 105m Ah/g,300m / g / g charge / discharge specific capacity of Li Mn2O4 is 100 ~ 105m Ah/g,300m / g / g charge / discharge capacity is 100 ~ 105 m Ah/g,300m / g / g charge / discharge specific capacity is 95 m Ah/g; / g / g charge / discharge specific capacity of Li Mn2O4 The specific capacity stability of Mn2O4 is poor. In the range of 75-110 m / g, but also higher than the single cell. In addition, the self-discharge of neutral lead-lithium battery is relatively small. After six days of statics, the battery can still maintain a discharge voltage of 1.240 V when charging and discharging at a current of 200 Ma / g for 6 days. The battery has a good storage performance. In a word, bipolar lead-lithium battery has better performance than single lead-lithium battery, so it is a new type of lead-saving battery that can be developed in the future.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TM912.1

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