微生物燃料電池電極材料產(chǎn)電性能的研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-09-17 18:15
【摘要】：微生物燃料電池是一種通過陽極室微生物的催化分解底物化合物,將底物中的化學能轉(zhuǎn)化為電能,并產(chǎn)生電流的一種產(chǎn)生可再生能源的裝置。在合適的陽極微生物作用下,微生物燃料電池能利用多種有機物作為底物,特別是生活污水、工業(yè)廢水、廢物等中的有機質(zhì)。微生物燃料電池最大的優(yōu)點在于將底物有機物的化學能直接轉(zhuǎn)化為高效清潔的電能,同時實現(xiàn)廢物處理和能源回收,解決了當前能源緊缺和環(huán)境污染兩大問題。面對能源供應(yīng)持續(xù)緊張、能源價格高、能源開發(fā)利用與環(huán)境保護的矛盾突出和能源利用效率較低等嚴峻形勢,微生物燃料電池作為一種可再生能源具有巨大的社會效益、環(huán)境效益、經(jīng)濟效益,已經(jīng)引起了人們越來越多的關(guān)注。目前關(guān)于微生物燃料電池的研究的目的都是為了提高系統(tǒng)的產(chǎn)電性能,即提高輸出功率。因此選擇良好的電極材料,選擇適應(yīng)于微生物良好生長、又能有效傳遞電子的電極尤為重要,研究降低微生物燃料電池電極的電化學損失和減少電極成本,這對促進MFC的擴大化和產(chǎn)業(yè)化有著十分重要的意義和價值。因此,本文以雙室型微生物燃料電池為實驗裝置,以腐敗希瓦氏菌(Shewanella putrefaciens PV4)為陽極微生物,以鐵氰化鉀作為陰極電子受體,研究銅電極和碳電極(碳布、碳紙、碳氈)作為電極材料的微生物燃料電池的電壓和功率輸出,并且通過CV曲線和系統(tǒng)內(nèi)阻的比較,進一步表明碳電極材料微生物燃料電池產(chǎn)電性能的優(yōu)劣。結(jié)果表明：(1)銅作為電極材料在與石墨的結(jié)合中,系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)電性能良好。效果有更大的改進空間。(2)通過極化曲線和功率密度曲線的比較,得出三種碳電極材料的最高輸出電壓和最高功率密度為：碳紙輸出電壓最高達到807mV,功率密度最高達到450mV·m-2,碳布其次,其最高輸出電壓達到770mV,功率密度最高達到294.274mV·m-2,第三為碳氈,最高輸出電壓達到740mV,最高功率密度達到206.496mV·m-2。(3)通過CV曲線,可以觀察到三種碳電極材料的微生物燃料系統(tǒng)均在-0.4-0.6V之間有峰,證明氧化還原電位的產(chǎn)生是由微生物介導,并且碳紙微生物燃料系統(tǒng)的氧化還原電位在-0.4左右,進一步證明碳紙MFC系統(tǒng)運行良好。(4)利用阻抗法測定碳電極材料微生物燃料電池的內(nèi)阻,結(jié)果為碳紙?zhí)疾继細?進一步證明碳紙微生物燃料電池系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)越性。實驗證明,碳紙、碳布、碳氈都較適合作為微生物燃料電池系統(tǒng)的電極,在這三種碳電極材料中,碳紙在輸出功率和系統(tǒng)內(nèi)阻上表現(xiàn)的更為穩(wěn)定、產(chǎn)電性能更好,更適合作為進一步研究的電極。
[Abstract]:Microbial fuel cell is a kind of device that can decompose the substrate compound through the catalytic decomposition of the microorganism in the anode chamber, convert the chemical energy in the substrate into electric energy, and generate the electric current to produce the renewable energy. Under the action of anode microorganism, microbial fuel cell can use a variety of organic matter as substrate, especially organic matter in domestic sewage, industrial wastewater, waste and so on. The biggest advantage of microbial fuel cell lies in converting the chemical energy of substrate organic matter directly into efficient and clean electric energy, and realizing waste treatment and energy recovery at the same time, which solves the two major problems of energy shortage and environmental pollution. As a renewable energy, microbial fuel cell has great social benefits in the face of the severe situation of continuous shortage of energy supply, high energy price, outstanding contradiction between energy exploitation and environmental protection and low efficiency of energy utilization. Environmental benefits, economic benefits, has attracted more and more attention. At present, the purpose of microbial fuel cell research is to improve the electrical performance of the system, that is, to improve the output power. Therefore, it is very important to select a good electrode material, which is suitable for the growth of microorganism and to transfer electrons effectively. It is very important to study how to reduce the electrochemical loss and reduce the electrode cost of microbial fuel cell electrode. It is of great significance and value to promote the expansion and industrialization of MFC. Therefore, in this paper, the copper electrode and carbon electrode (carbon cloth, carbon paper, carbon cloth, carbon paper) and potassium ferricyanide (potassium ferricyanide) were used as anode microorganism and two-chamber microbial fuel cell as experimental device, (Shewanella putrefaciens PV4 as anode microorganism and potassium ferricyanide as cathode electron receptor. Carbon felt) the voltage and power output of microbial fuel cell as electrode material, and through the comparison of CV curve and system internal resistance, it is further indicated that the performance of microbial fuel cell with carbon electrode material is superior to that of microbial fuel cell. The results show that: (1) the electrical properties of the system are good when copper is used as electrode material in combination with graphite. There is more room for improvement. (2) by comparing the polarization curve with the power density curve, The maximum output voltage and power density of three kinds of carbon electrode materials are as follows: the highest output voltage of carbon paper is 807mV, the highest power density is 450mV m-2, the highest output voltage of carbon cloth is 770mV, the highest power density is 294.274mV m-2, and the third is carbon felt. The maximum output voltage was 740mV and the maximum power density reached 206.496mV m-23.Three CV curves showed that the microbial fuel systems of the three kinds of carbon electrode materials had peaks between -0.4-0.6V, which indicated that the redox potential was mediated by microorganisms. The redox potential of carbon-paper microbial fuel system is about -0.4, which further proves that the carbon-paper MFC system works well. (4) the internal resistance of microbial fuel cell with carbon electrode material is measured by impedance method, and the result is carbon paper carbon cloth carbon felt. The superiority of carbon paper microbial fuel cell system is further proved. The experiment shows that carbon paper, carbon cloth and carbon felt are more suitable for the electrode of microbial fuel cell system. In these three kinds of carbon electrode materials, the output power and system internal resistance of carbon paper are more stable and the electrical performance is better. It is more suitable as electrode for further study.
【學位授予單位】：南京大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM911.45
本文編號：2246722
[Abstract]:Microbial fuel cell is a kind of device that can decompose the substrate compound through the catalytic decomposition of the microorganism in the anode chamber, convert the chemical energy in the substrate into electric energy, and generate the electric current to produce the renewable energy. Under the action of anode microorganism, microbial fuel cell can use a variety of organic matter as substrate, especially organic matter in domestic sewage, industrial wastewater, waste and so on. The biggest advantage of microbial fuel cell lies in converting the chemical energy of substrate organic matter directly into efficient and clean electric energy, and realizing waste treatment and energy recovery at the same time, which solves the two major problems of energy shortage and environmental pollution. As a renewable energy, microbial fuel cell has great social benefits in the face of the severe situation of continuous shortage of energy supply, high energy price, outstanding contradiction between energy exploitation and environmental protection and low efficiency of energy utilization. Environmental benefits, economic benefits, has attracted more and more attention. At present, the purpose of microbial fuel cell research is to improve the electrical performance of the system, that is, to improve the output power. Therefore, it is very important to select a good electrode material, which is suitable for the growth of microorganism and to transfer electrons effectively. It is very important to study how to reduce the electrochemical loss and reduce the electrode cost of microbial fuel cell electrode. It is of great significance and value to promote the expansion and industrialization of MFC. Therefore, in this paper, the copper electrode and carbon electrode (carbon cloth, carbon paper, carbon cloth, carbon paper) and potassium ferricyanide (potassium ferricyanide) were used as anode microorganism and two-chamber microbial fuel cell as experimental device, (Shewanella putrefaciens PV4 as anode microorganism and potassium ferricyanide as cathode electron receptor. Carbon felt) the voltage and power output of microbial fuel cell as electrode material, and through the comparison of CV curve and system internal resistance, it is further indicated that the performance of microbial fuel cell with carbon electrode material is superior to that of microbial fuel cell. The results show that: (1) the electrical properties of the system are good when copper is used as electrode material in combination with graphite. There is more room for improvement. (2) by comparing the polarization curve with the power density curve, The maximum output voltage and power density of three kinds of carbon electrode materials are as follows: the highest output voltage of carbon paper is 807mV, the highest power density is 450mV m-2, the highest output voltage of carbon cloth is 770mV, the highest power density is 294.274mV m-2, and the third is carbon felt. The maximum output voltage was 740mV and the maximum power density reached 206.496mV m-23.Three CV curves showed that the microbial fuel systems of the three kinds of carbon electrode materials had peaks between -0.4-0.6V, which indicated that the redox potential was mediated by microorganisms. The redox potential of carbon-paper microbial fuel system is about -0.4, which further proves that the carbon-paper MFC system works well. (4) the internal resistance of microbial fuel cell with carbon electrode material is measured by impedance method, and the result is carbon paper carbon cloth carbon felt. The superiority of carbon paper microbial fuel cell system is further proved. The experiment shows that carbon paper, carbon cloth and carbon felt are more suitable for the electrode of microbial fuel cell system. In these three kinds of carbon electrode materials, the output power and system internal resistance of carbon paper are more stable and the electrical performance is better. It is more suitable as electrode for further study.
【學位授予單位】：南京大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM911.45
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