【摘要】：隨著電力市場化進(jìn)程的日益深入,廠網(wǎng)分開、競價(jià)上網(wǎng)等一系列改革措施的逐步實(shí)施,改革傳統(tǒng)發(fā)電調(diào)度方式,開展節(jié)能發(fā)電調(diào)度成為電力系統(tǒng)應(yīng)對(duì)節(jié)能減排、保證電力工業(yè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的重要手段。為此,本文進(jìn)行了節(jié)能發(fā)電調(diào)度模式下的網(wǎng)廠兩級(jí)負(fù)荷優(yōu)化調(diào)度問題的研究。首先,本文針對(duì)火電廠所面臨的實(shí)際問題,充分考慮發(fā)電成本、污染物排放以及負(fù)荷調(diào)整時(shí)間,構(gòu)建了節(jié)能調(diào)度模式下的基于經(jīng)濟(jì)性、環(huán)保性和快速性的多目標(biāo)廠級(jí)負(fù)荷優(yōu)化分配模型。將經(jīng)典的多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化方法中的理想點(diǎn)法和分目標(biāo)乘除法分別應(yīng)用于火電廠多目標(biāo)負(fù)荷優(yōu)化調(diào)度問題,實(shí)現(xiàn)了多目標(biāo)問題的單目標(biāo)轉(zhuǎn)化,采用自適應(yīng)免疫疫苗算法進(jìn)行模型求解,在達(dá)到較好的優(yōu)化效果的同時(shí),提高了優(yōu)化方案的簡潔性。其次,考慮的是基于風(fēng)電功率預(yù)測(cè)的風(fēng)火短期聯(lián)合優(yōu)化調(diào)度問題,通過網(wǎng)內(nèi)火電機(jī)組提供正、負(fù)備用容量以應(yīng)對(duì)風(fēng)電出力的波動(dòng)性和隨機(jī)間歇,建立一個(gè)以兼顧系統(tǒng)發(fā)電成本和環(huán)境保護(hù)作為目標(biāo)函數(shù),考慮火電機(jī)組出力、升降負(fù)荷速率以及最小啟停時(shí)間,系統(tǒng)有功平衡和備用容量作為約束條件的含風(fēng)電場電網(wǎng)多目標(biāo)負(fù)荷優(yōu)化調(diào)度模型。針對(duì)風(fēng)電的隨機(jī)性,對(duì)傳統(tǒng)的機(jī)組優(yōu)先順序表構(gòu)建方法予以改進(jìn),綜合考慮了機(jī)組的經(jīng)濟(jì)性以及負(fù)荷升降速率。采用啟發(fā)式搜索方法確定機(jī)組組合方式,等比例分配法進(jìn)行機(jī)組間備用容量的分配,為解決風(fēng)火短期聯(lián)合優(yōu)化調(diào)度問題提供了新思路。最后,隨著風(fēng)電入網(wǎng)規(guī)模的不斷增大,鑒于火電的調(diào)節(jié)能力將不足以彌補(bǔ)風(fēng)電的隨機(jī)性與波動(dòng)性,為此單純研究風(fēng)電和火電的聯(lián)合調(diào)度將具有一定的局限性。本文將水電引入風(fēng)火聯(lián)合優(yōu)化調(diào)度系統(tǒng)中,分別構(gòu)建了風(fēng)電-火電-梯級(jí)水電和風(fēng)電-火電-抽水蓄能電站的短期聯(lián)合優(yōu)化調(diào)度模型。根據(jù)節(jié)能發(fā)電調(diào)度原則,設(shè)計(jì)了風(fēng)水火聯(lián)合優(yōu)化流程體系,針對(duì)梯級(jí)水電和抽水蓄能電站各自的運(yùn)行特點(diǎn),制定了不同的優(yōu)化調(diào)度策略。實(shí)驗(yàn)仿真表明,本文方法能夠很好的發(fā)揮水電的優(yōu)勢(shì),減輕了火電在應(yīng)對(duì)風(fēng)電波動(dòng)以及負(fù)荷峰谷差的壓力,很好的解決了風(fēng)電、火電以及水電之間的多電源協(xié)調(diào)優(yōu)化問題。
[Abstract]:With the deepening of the process of electricity marketization, the gradual implementation of a series of reform measures, such as the separation of power plants and networks, the bidding for the Internet, and so on, the reform of the traditional power generation dispatching mode and the development of energy-saving generation dispatching have become the response of the power system to energy conservation and emission reduction. The important means to ensure the sustainable development of electric power industry. Therefore, this paper studies the optimal dispatching problem of two-stage load of power plant under the mode of energy-saving generation dispatching. Firstly, in view of the practical problems faced by thermal power plants, this paper takes full account of generation cost, pollutant emission and load adjustment time, and constructs the economy based on energy-saving dispatching mode. Multi-objective load distribution model for environmental protection and rapidity. The ideal point method and sub-objective multiplication and division method of classical multi-objective optimization method are applied to the multi-objective load optimization scheduling problem of thermal power plant respectively. The single-objective transformation of the multi-objective problem is realized, and the adaptive immune vaccine algorithm is used to solve the model. At the same time, the conciseness of the optimization scheme is improved. Secondly, the short-term optimal scheduling problem of wind and fire based on wind power prediction is considered, which provides positive and negative reserve capacity to deal with the fluctuation and random intermittent of wind power output through the thermal power unit in the network. Taking the cost of power generation and environmental protection of the system as the objective function, taking into account the generating capacity of thermal power units, the load rate and the minimum start and stop time, A multi-objective load optimal dispatching model for wind farm power network with active power balance and reserve capacity as constraints is presented in this paper. In view of the randomness of wind power, the traditional construction method of unit priority list is improved, and the economy of the unit and the load rise and fall rate are considered synthetically. The heuristic search method is used to determine the unit combination mode and the equal proportion allocation method is used to allocate the spare capacity among the units, which provides a new idea for solving the problem of combined short-term optimal scheduling of wind and fire. Finally, with the increasing scale of wind power grid, in view of the fact that the regulating capacity of thermal power will not be enough to compensate for the randomness and volatility of wind power, it will be limited to study the joint dispatch of wind power and thermal power. In this paper, hydropower is introduced into the wind-fire joint optimal dispatching system, and the short-term joint optimal dispatching models of wind power, thermal power cascade hydropower station and wind power thermal power pumped storage power station are constructed respectively. According to the principle of energy saving power generation dispatching, the system of wind, water and fire joint optimization process is designed. According to the operation characteristics of cascade hydropower station and pumped storage power station, different optimal dispatching strategies are worked out. The experimental results show that this method can give full play to the advantages of hydropower, lighten the pressure of thermal power in dealing with wind power fluctuation and load peak and valley difference, and solve the problem of multi-power coordination and optimization between wind power, thermal power and hydropower.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TM73

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