【摘要】：隨著風(fēng)電機(jī)組輸出功率的增大,風(fēng)電機(jī)組的齒輪箱體積也迅速增大；另外,隨著風(fēng)電場(chǎng)開(kāi)發(fā)由陸上拓展為海上,維護(hù)成本顯著上升,因而對(duì)體積不斷增大的風(fēng)電齒輪箱的故障監(jiān)測(cè)和故障預(yù)警變得尤為重要。由于風(fēng)電機(jī)組具有變轉(zhuǎn)速的運(yùn)行特點(diǎn),這對(duì)基于傳統(tǒng)信號(hào)分析手段的故障檢測(cè)開(kāi)發(fā)提出了挑戰(zhàn)。傳統(tǒng)的風(fēng)電機(jī)組齒輪箱狀態(tài)監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)主要是基于振動(dòng)信號(hào)進(jìn)行故障檢測(cè),這對(duì)具有高頻信號(hào)特征的故障類型有效,然而卻對(duì)諸如具有低轉(zhuǎn)速特點(diǎn)的部件效果不明顯。因此,本論文論述了基于模型的風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)齒輪箱故障診斷的研究結(jié)果,從系統(tǒng)的角度進(jìn)行故障物理機(jī)制分析,發(fā)掘齒輪箱不同故障模式下的故障特征,論證了風(fēng)電機(jī)組傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)效率降低以及控制策略與齒輪箱潤(rùn)滑油溫之間的關(guān)系；在此基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步利用SCADA采集系統(tǒng)的低頻信號(hào)進(jìn)行故障特征論證、提取和新型檢測(cè)算法的開(kāi)發(fā)。本論文首先對(duì)風(fēng)電機(jī)組的機(jī)理、組成部件及其子系統(tǒng)和SCADA系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了一定的介紹。其次,在風(fēng)電機(jī)組系統(tǒng)原理和傳動(dòng)分析的基礎(chǔ)上,建立基于MATLAB/Simulink建立齒輪箱的傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)模型,進(jìn)行了風(fēng)電機(jī)組整機(jī)模型的仿真開(kāi)發(fā)。模型包括5個(gè)主要組成部分：1)隨機(jī)風(fēng)模型；2)葉輪空氣動(dòng)力學(xué)；3)傳動(dòng)鏈模型；4)發(fā)電機(jī)模型以及5)系統(tǒng)控制策略。然后,通過(guò)對(duì)齒輪箱潤(rùn)滑系統(tǒng)熱力學(xué)過(guò)程的分析,建立能量損耗過(guò)程的動(dòng)態(tài)模型,并將其嵌入整機(jī)模型中。通過(guò)在風(fēng)電系統(tǒng)中引入齒輪箱的系統(tǒng)故障,對(duì)比機(jī)組在健康和故障條件下的差異獲得故障特征。并且利用該模型對(duì)風(fēng)電齒輪箱潤(rùn)滑系統(tǒng)漏油故障進(jìn)行了特征預(yù)測(cè)。最后,本論文進(jìn)一步對(duì)比了風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)組在速度控制和力矩控制這兩種控制策略下,風(fēng)電機(jī)組在同等故障模式下的特征差異,分析了不同的控制策略對(duì)風(fēng)電機(jī)組故障特征的影響。通過(guò)以上的研究,本論文總結(jié)了風(fēng)電齒輪箱不同故障模式下的故障特征,為未來(lái)的風(fēng)電機(jī)組智能狀態(tài)監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)開(kāi)發(fā)提供了理論基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:With the increase of wind turbine output power, the volume of gearbox of wind turbine increases rapidly. In addition, as wind farm development expands from onshore to offshore, the maintenance cost increases significantly. Therefore, it is very important to monitor and warn the faults of wind power gearbox with increasing volume. Since wind turbine has the characteristics of variable speed, it challenges the development of fault detection based on traditional signal analysis method. The traditional gearbox condition monitoring system of wind turbine is mainly based on vibration signal to detect the fault, which is effective for the fault type with high frequency signal, but the effect is not obvious for the components with low rotational speed. Therefore, this paper discusses the research results of the wind turbine gearbox fault diagnosis based on the model, analyzes the fault physical mechanism from the point of view of the system, and excavates the fault characteristics under different fault modes of the gearbox. The relationship between the efficiency reduction of wind turbine transmission system and the control strategy and the temperature of the gear box lubricating oil is demonstrated. On this basis, the fault characteristics are further demonstrated by using the low frequency signals of the SCADA acquisition system. Extraction and development of new detection algorithms. In this paper, the mechanism, components, subsystems and SCADA system of wind turbine are introduced. Secondly, on the basis of wind turbine system principle and transmission analysis, the gearbox transmission system model based on MATLAB/Simulink is established, and the simulation development of wind turbine whole machine model is carried out. The model consists of five main components: 1) stochastic wind model, 2) impeller aerodynamics, 3) transmission chain model, 4) generator model, and 5) system control strategy. Then, by analyzing the thermodynamic process of the gear box lubrication system, the dynamic model of the energy loss process is established and embedded into the whole machine model. By introducing the gearbox into the wind power system, the fault characteristics are obtained by comparing the difference of the unit under the condition of health and fault. The model is used to predict the oil leakage in the lubrication system of wind power gearbox. Finally, the paper compares the characteristics of wind turbine in the same fault mode under speed control and torque control. The influence of different control strategies on the fault characteristics of wind turbine is analyzed. Through the above research, this paper summarizes the fault characteristics of wind turbine gearbox under different fault modes, and provides a theoretical basis for the future development of wind turbine intelligent state monitoring system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TM315

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本文編號(hào)：2236323