高鐵永磁同步電機有限元模型與控制電路的聯(lián)合仿真研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-09-09 12:36
【摘要】：近年,我國高速鐵路的建設發(fā)展迅速,總運營里程已是世界首位,占全世界高速鐵路總運營里程的一半。日益增加的高鐵線路也帶來了更大的能耗需求。目前,運營中的高速列車大部分都采用成熟的異步牽引傳動系統(tǒng)。為了提高能源利用率,減少能量損失,永磁同步牽引傳動系統(tǒng)已受到世界各鐵路強國的廣泛關注,并取得了一系列的研究成果。相較于異步牽引傳動系統(tǒng),永磁同步牽引傳動系統(tǒng)還有功率密度高、功率因數(shù)高、噪聲小、可實現(xiàn)無齒輪箱的直接傳動等優(yōu)點。針對永磁同步牽引傳動系統(tǒng),本文完成了以下工作。 使用有限元軟件設計了永磁同步牽引電機的模型,結合永磁同步牽引系統(tǒng)中的弱磁控制原理,研究了弱磁電流對電機參數(shù)、輸出轉矩、功率損耗等的影響。 構建了結合永磁同步牽引電機有限元模型、控制電路、控制策略的聯(lián)合仿真模型,該聯(lián)合仿真模型能夠充分考慮運行過程中電機參數(shù)受轉速、磁飽和程度、轉子位置等的影響,仿真結果更貼近實際。將聯(lián)合仿真結果與采用固定電機參數(shù)的傳統(tǒng)仿真結果,以及采用正弦電流激勵的電機有限元模型的響應對比,以研究電機參數(shù)改變對系統(tǒng)響應的影響,以及SVPWM供電與正弦供電的差別。 基于上述聯(lián)合仿真模型,對比分析了兩種過分相策略下永磁同步牽引系統(tǒng)的響應,驗證了轉矩為零、弱磁電流保持的過分相方案相較于逆變器閉鎖的過分相方案的一系列優(yōu)點,并體現(xiàn)了諧波反電勢對過分相期間直流母線電壓的影響。 設計了列車在高速段由SVPWM控制平穩(wěn)轉向單脈沖控制的策略,并采用聯(lián)合仿真模型驗證了切換瞬間速度平穩(wěn)、電流未增大。分析了單脈沖控制下的電流、反電勢響應；對比了單脈沖控制與不同開關頻率下的SVPWM控制的轉矩、速度響應和電機功率損耗。結果表明,單脈沖控制不僅可以減小電機所需電流,減少反電勢中的諧波分量,使得反電勢峰值明顯減小,還能減少電機功率；而且單脈沖用最小的開關頻率獲得了比開關頻率不足時的SVPWM控制更平穩(wěn)的輸出轉矩。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the construction of high-speed railway in China has developed rapidly, and the total operating mileage is the first in the world, accounting for half of the total operating mileage of high-speed railway in the world. The increasing number of high-speed rail lines has also brought greater demand for energy consumption. At present, most high-speed trains in operation adopt mature asynchronous traction transmission system. In order to improve energy efficiency and reduce energy loss, permanent magnet synchronous traction drive system has been widely concerned by the world's railway powers, and a series of research results have been obtained. Compared with the asynchronous traction transmission system, the permanent magnet synchronous traction drive system has the advantages of high power density, high power factor, low noise, and can realize direct transmission without gearbox. Aiming at the permanent magnet synchronous traction drive system, the following work has been accomplished in this paper. The model of permanent magnet synchronous traction motor (PMSM) is designed by using finite element software, and the influence of weak current on motor parameters, output torque and power loss is studied in combination with the principle of weak magnetic field control in PMSS. Combined with the finite element model, control circuit and control strategy of permanent magnet synchronous traction motor (PMSM), the joint simulation model is constructed. The combined simulation model can fully consider the influence of rotor speed, magnetic saturation degree and rotor position on motor parameters during operation. The simulation results are closer to reality. The joint simulation results are compared with the traditional simulation results using fixed motor parameters and the response of the finite element model of the motor excited by sinusoidal current, in order to study the effect of motor parameters change on the system response. And the difference between SVPWM power supply and sinusoidal power supply. Based on the above joint simulation model, the response of the permanent magnet synchronous traction system under two kinds of over-phase strategies is compared and analyzed. It is verified that the over-phase scheme with zero torque and weak magnetic current retention has a series of advantages over the over-phase scheme of inverter latching. The effect of harmonic reverse EMF on DC bus voltage during phase transition is also demonstrated. The strategy of steady steering single pulse control by SVPWM in high speed section is designed, and the joint simulation model is used to verify that the switching speed is stable and the current is not increasing. The current and back EMF responses under monopulse control are analyzed, and the torque, velocity response and motor power loss of monopulse control and SVPWM control at different switching frequencies are compared. The results show that monopulse control can not only reduce the required current and harmonic component of the motor, but also reduce the power of the motor. Moreover, the output torque of monopulse with minimum switching frequency is more stable than that of SVPWM control with insufficient switching frequency.
【學位授予單位】：浙江大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U238;TM341
本文編號：2232386
[Abstract]:In recent years, the construction of high-speed railway in China has developed rapidly, and the total operating mileage is the first in the world, accounting for half of the total operating mileage of high-speed railway in the world. The increasing number of high-speed rail lines has also brought greater demand for energy consumption. At present, most high-speed trains in operation adopt mature asynchronous traction transmission system. In order to improve energy efficiency and reduce energy loss, permanent magnet synchronous traction drive system has been widely concerned by the world's railway powers, and a series of research results have been obtained. Compared with the asynchronous traction transmission system, the permanent magnet synchronous traction drive system has the advantages of high power density, high power factor, low noise, and can realize direct transmission without gearbox. Aiming at the permanent magnet synchronous traction drive system, the following work has been accomplished in this paper. The model of permanent magnet synchronous traction motor (PMSM) is designed by using finite element software, and the influence of weak current on motor parameters, output torque and power loss is studied in combination with the principle of weak magnetic field control in PMSS. Combined with the finite element model, control circuit and control strategy of permanent magnet synchronous traction motor (PMSM), the joint simulation model is constructed. The combined simulation model can fully consider the influence of rotor speed, magnetic saturation degree and rotor position on motor parameters during operation. The simulation results are closer to reality. The joint simulation results are compared with the traditional simulation results using fixed motor parameters and the response of the finite element model of the motor excited by sinusoidal current, in order to study the effect of motor parameters change on the system response. And the difference between SVPWM power supply and sinusoidal power supply. Based on the above joint simulation model, the response of the permanent magnet synchronous traction system under two kinds of over-phase strategies is compared and analyzed. It is verified that the over-phase scheme with zero torque and weak magnetic current retention has a series of advantages over the over-phase scheme of inverter latching. The effect of harmonic reverse EMF on DC bus voltage during phase transition is also demonstrated. The strategy of steady steering single pulse control by SVPWM in high speed section is designed, and the joint simulation model is used to verify that the switching speed is stable and the current is not increasing. The current and back EMF responses under monopulse control are analyzed, and the torque, velocity response and motor power loss of monopulse control and SVPWM control at different switching frequencies are compared. The results show that monopulse control can not only reduce the required current and harmonic component of the motor, but also reduce the power of the motor. Moreover, the output torque of monopulse with minimum switching frequency is more stable than that of SVPWM control with insufficient switching frequency.
【學位授予單位】：浙江大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U238;TM341
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