【摘要】：在我國對(duì)光伏發(fā)電產(chǎn)業(yè)的大力投入和強(qiáng)力支持下,光伏電站并網(wǎng)運(yùn)行已經(jīng)在國內(nèi)得到廣泛發(fā)展和商業(yè)化運(yùn)作,并仍然是未來發(fā)展趨勢。然而,光伏電站接入公共電網(wǎng),會(huì)給電網(wǎng)的電能質(zhì)量、潮流分布、短路特性等帶來不可忽視的影響,加緊開展相關(guān)光伏電站并網(wǎng)發(fā)電技術(shù)的研究是十分重要的。 本文針對(duì)光伏組件等效電路5參數(shù)模型提出了光伏組件5參數(shù)模型參數(shù)等值修正求取算法,僅利用光伏電池生產(chǎn)廠家提供的實(shí)測數(shù)據(jù),經(jīng)過少量迭代和修正計(jì)算,得到模型的5個(gè)參數(shù)。利用該算法求解MSX60光伏組件的模型參數(shù),并將求解結(jié)果代入5參數(shù)模型進(jìn)行仿真,將仿真數(shù)據(jù)與實(shí)測數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行比較,誤差較小,驗(yàn)證了算法的準(zhǔn)確性和有效性。 引入朗伯函數(shù),將隱性超越方程形式的光伏組件I-U特性方程顯性化,并在Matlab/Simulink仿真環(huán)境下建立了光伏陣列仿真模型。利用青海某光伏電站的某個(gè)陣列的實(shí)際運(yùn)行數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證,分析了仿真模型仿真結(jié)果與實(shí)際運(yùn)行數(shù)據(jù)產(chǎn)生誤差的原因,最后得到該仿真模型是準(zhǔn)確可行的。 分析了光伏電站并網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)各個(gè)部分電壓電流量間的關(guān)系,在各部分連接點(diǎn)處應(yīng)用基爾霍夫電壓、電流定律進(jìn)行連接,建立了整個(gè)光伏電站并網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)的暫態(tài)模型表示式,并在Matlab/Simulink仿真環(huán)境下搭建了光伏電站并網(wǎng)仿真模型。在變化的光照強(qiáng)度、組件溫度下進(jìn)行仿真,驗(yàn)證了光伏電站并網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)仿真模型的正確性和可行性。 研究了將光伏電站內(nèi)部參數(shù)計(jì)入網(wǎng)絡(luò)參數(shù)的光伏電站并網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)潮流計(jì)算策略,基于常規(guī)電流注入模型牛頓-拉夫遜(N-R)求解算法進(jìn)行了改進(jìn),提出了基于電流／功率混合注入模型的N-R潮流算法。采用IEEE的幾種經(jīng)典算例對(duì)混合注入模型潮流算法進(jìn)行測試,驗(yàn)證了電流／功率混合注入模型N-R潮流算法的優(yōu)越性、準(zhǔn)確性和有效性。將青海某光伏電站中部分陣列接入IEEE30節(jié)點(diǎn)系統(tǒng)作為測試算例,對(duì)計(jì)及光伏電站內(nèi)部參數(shù)的并網(wǎng)潮流計(jì)算策略進(jìn)行測試,驗(yàn)證了所提策略的可行性。 最后,將一定出力的光伏電站接入IEEE5節(jié)點(diǎn)系統(tǒng)1#節(jié)點(diǎn),分別在光伏電站內(nèi)部交流系統(tǒng)和并網(wǎng)點(diǎn)設(shè)置不同形式的短路故障,探討了光伏電站并網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)的短路運(yùn)行特性。
[Abstract]:With the great investment and strong support of photovoltaic power generation industry in China, grid-connected operation of photovoltaic power station has been widely developed and commercialized in China, and is still the future development trend. However, the power quality, power flow distribution and short-circuit characteristics of the power grid can not be ignored if photovoltaic power station is connected to the public grid, so it is very important to speed up the research on the grid-connected power generation technology of the photovoltaic power station. In this paper, an algorithm for calculating the equivalent parameters of photovoltaic module is proposed, which is based on the equivalent circuit 5 parameter model of photovoltaic module. Only the measured data provided by the photovoltaic cell manufacturer are used, and a small amount of iteration and correction calculation are carried out. Five parameters of the model are obtained. The algorithm is used to solve the model parameters of the MSX60 photovoltaic module, and the result is replaced by the 5-parameter model to simulate. The error is small compared with the measured data, and the accuracy and validity of the algorithm are verified. By introducing Lambert function, the I-U characteristic equation of photovoltaic module in the form of hidden transcendental equation is explicit, and the photovoltaic array simulation model is established under Matlab/Simulink simulation environment. The actual operation data of an array of photovoltaic power plants in Qinghai Province are used to verify the simulation results. The reasons for the errors between the simulation results and the actual operation data are analyzed. Finally, the simulation model is obtained to be accurate and feasible. The relationship between voltage and current of each part of grid-connected system of photovoltaic power station is analyzed. Kirchhoff's law of voltage and current is applied to connect each part of the connection point, and the transient model of grid-connected system of the whole photovoltaic power station is established. The grid-connected simulation model of photovoltaic power station is built in Matlab/Simulink simulation environment. The simulation results show that the simulation model of grid-connected photovoltaic power station is correct and feasible. The power flow calculation strategy of grid-connected photovoltaic power plant with the internal parameters of photovoltaic power station into network parameters is studied and improved based on the conventional current injection model Newton-Raphson (N-R) algorithm. An N-R power flow algorithm based on current / power mixing injection model is proposed. Several classical examples of IEEE are used to test the hybrid injection model power flow algorithm, which verifies the superiority, accuracy and effectiveness of the current / power hybrid injection model N-R power flow algorithm. A IEEE30 node system with partial arrays in a photovoltaic power plant in Qinghai province is used as a test example to test the grid-connected power flow calculation strategy taking into account the internal parameters of the photovoltaic power station. The feasibility of the proposed strategy is verified. Finally, the PV power station is connected to the IEEE5 node system 1# node, and different types of short circuit faults are set in the internal AC system and the parallel node of the photovoltaic power station, and the short-circuit operation characteristics of the grid-connected system of the photovoltaic power station are discussed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM615

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