【摘要】：電能是國民經(jīng)濟(jì)和人民生活的命脈,而我國企業(yè)電能損失逐年增加。我國高耗能企業(yè)眾多,隨著鋼鐵、有色、石化等行業(yè)飛速發(fā)展,能源消耗總量大。隨著電力電子技術(shù)的飛速發(fā)展,各種大功率開關(guān)器件得到了廣泛應(yīng)用,非線性負(fù)載大量增加。它們造成電網(wǎng)的諧波污染和電能損失；同時沖擊性負(fù)載及無功補(bǔ)償不足常引起電網(wǎng)電壓跌落和閃變,并導(dǎo)致線路損耗增加。這些問題影響了企業(yè)的正常生產(chǎn)和人民的日常生活,給我國電力系統(tǒng)帶來了繁重的無功控制和諧波治理問題。使我國的可持續(xù)發(fā)展面臨巨大壓力。 本文深入研究了新型并聯(lián)混合型有源電力濾波器的相關(guān)理論和方法。研究內(nèi)容涵蓋了新型并聯(lián)混合型有源電力濾波器的工作機(jī)理分析、控制策略、補(bǔ)償性能,及提出了新的控制算法；提出了對應(yīng)的容錯結(jié)構(gòu),形成了較為完善的容錯并聯(lián)混合型有源電力濾波器的基本研究方法和技術(shù)方案,研究重點及取得的成果主要體現(xiàn)在以下幾個方面： (1)提出了一種新型并聯(lián)混合型有源電力濾波器的結(jié)構(gòu),該補(bǔ)償裝置不但可以補(bǔ)償電網(wǎng)諧波,還能根據(jù)現(xiàn)場具體情況補(bǔ)償無功功率而不發(fā)生大量無功過補(bǔ)的情況。分析了該補(bǔ)償裝置的補(bǔ)償原理；研究了新型并聯(lián)混合型有源電力濾波器的控制策略,確定了將有源部分控制為諧波電流源；設(shè)計了新型并聯(lián)混合型有源電力濾波器的注入支路,分析了本章所選注入支路的原因；給出了新型并聯(lián)混合型有源電力濾波器在電網(wǎng)參數(shù)發(fā)生變化的情況下,該補(bǔ)償裝置的補(bǔ)償性能。 (2)提出了并聯(lián)混合型有源電力濾波器的基于隸屬云理論的復(fù)合-遞推積分PI控制方法。復(fù)合控制包括前饋控制、反饋控制和直流側(cè)電壓控制。5次無源濾波器濾除最嚴(yán)重的諧波分量,前饋控制負(fù)責(zé)濾除負(fù)載產(chǎn)生的7次諧波分量,反饋控制負(fù)責(zé)濾除剩余的少量諧波分量,公共點諧波電壓控制負(fù)責(zé)穩(wěn)定直流側(cè)電壓。采用隸屬云模型對遞推積分PI的比例系數(shù)和積分系數(shù)進(jìn)行在線調(diào)整�；陔`屬云理論的遞推積分PI控制算法使系統(tǒng)在電流跟蹤偏差較大時比例控制占主導(dǎo),偏差減小速度較快,在偏差減小到一定范圍內(nèi)時積分控制占主導(dǎo),實現(xiàn)穩(wěn)態(tài)無差,使得系統(tǒng)的響應(yīng)速度、魯棒性和抗干擾能力得到提高。 (3)提出了新型并聯(lián)混合型有源電力濾波器的容錯結(jié)構(gòu)。首先分析了容錯結(jié)構(gòu)原理,給出了故障情況下的幾種運(yùn)行模式和運(yùn)行原理。研究了基于誤差電壓的故障診斷方法�；谡`差電壓的故障診斷方法直接利用逆變器的電壓模型,通過逆變器中電壓測量值與估計值之間的誤差來診斷故障。 (4)針對新型并聯(lián)混合型有源電力濾波器的容錯結(jié)構(gòu),提出了基于維隸屬云模型的增量式PID控制算法,利用二維隸屬云模型對增量式PID控制的比例系數(shù)、積分系數(shù)和微分系數(shù)進(jìn)行在線調(diào)整。對二維隸屬云模型的參數(shù)調(diào)整算法中各個變量的隸屬云生成進(jìn)行了改進(jìn),并改進(jìn)了規(guī)則推理器。 (5)為了進(jìn)一步提高控制器的性能,提出了直接控制的三維隸屬云智能控制。該控制算法參照PID控制算法的思想,但和PID控制算法有本質(zhì)的不同。三維隸屬云智能控制器控制效果良好、魯棒性強(qiáng),并且不依賴被控對象的數(shù)學(xué)模型,而是根據(jù)操作經(jīng)驗或?qū)＜抑R直接進(jìn)行三維云模型控制器設(shè)計。三維隸屬云智能控制策略簡明,無需冗繁的推理計算,通用性強(qiáng)。能夠直接實現(xiàn)定量輸入、并行定性推理、定量輸出的控制過程,計算量較小,實時性強(qiáng)。 本文以配電網(wǎng)電能質(zhì)量控制、提高并聯(lián)混合型有源電力濾波器運(yùn)行安全性能為背景,研究了新型并聯(lián)混合型有源電力濾波器及其關(guān)鍵技術(shù),為推進(jìn)電力電子系統(tǒng)的實用化進(jìn)程提供有益的參考和借鑒。圖59幅,表10個,參考文獻(xiàn)100篇
[Abstract]:Electric energy is the lifeblood of the national economy and people's life, and the loss of electric energy in our country's enterprises is increasing year by year. There are many high-energy-consuming enterprises in our country. With the rapid development of steel, non-ferrous, petrochemical and other industries, the total energy consumption is large. With the rapid development of power electronics technology, various high-power switching devices have been widely used, and the nonlinear load has increased greatly. These problems affect the normal production of enterprises and people's daily life, and bring heavy problems of reactive power control and harmonic control to our power system. The sustainable development of our country is facing enormous pressure.
In this paper, the theory and method of the new shunt hybrid active power filter are deeply studied. The research contents include the analysis of the working mechanism, control strategy, compensation performance and new control algorithm of the new shunt hybrid active power filter. The corresponding fault-tolerant structure is proposed, and a more perfect fault-tolerant shunt is formed. The basic research methods and technical schemes of hybrid active power filter, the research emphasis and achievements are mainly reflected in the following aspects:
(1) A new structure of shunt hybrid active power filter is proposed, which can not only compensate the harmonics of power grid, but also compensate reactive power according to the actual situation without a large number of reactive power overcompensation. The compensation principle of the compensation device is analyzed, and a new shunt hybrid active power filter is studied. The control strategy determines that the active part is controlled as the harmonic current source; the injection branch of the new shunt hybrid active power filter is designed, and the reasons of the injection branch are analyzed; the compensating ability of the new shunt hybrid active power filter is given when the network parameters change. Yes.
(2) A compound-recursive integral PI control method based on membership cloud theory for shunt hybrid active power filter is proposed. The compound control includes feed-forward control, feedback control and DC-side voltage control. The 5th order passive filter filters out the most serious harmonic component, the feedforward control filters out the 7th harmonic component generated by the load and the feedback control negative. The membership cloud model is used to adjust the proportional and integral coefficients of the recursive integral PI. The recursive integral PI control algorithm based on the membership cloud theory makes the proportional control dominate and the bias decrease when the current tracking deviation is large. Integral control is dominant when the deviation is reduced to a certain range and steady-state error-free is achieved, which improves the response speed, robustness and anti-jamming ability of the system.
(3) A novel fault-tolerant structure of shunt hybrid active power filter is proposed. Firstly, the principle of fault-tolerant structure is analyzed, several operation modes and operation principles under fault conditions are given. The fault diagnosis method based on error voltage is studied. The fault diagnosis method based on error voltage directly utilizes the voltage model of inverter and inverts it. The error between the voltage measurement value and the estimated value in the converter is used to diagnose the fault.
(4) Aiming at the fault-tolerant structure of the novel shunt hybrid active power filter, an incremental PID control algorithm based on the dimension membership cloud model is proposed. The proportional coefficient, integral coefficient and differential coefficient of the incremental PID control are adjusted online by using the two-dimensional membership cloud model. The membership cloud generation is improved and the rule inference device is improved.
(5) In order to further improve the performance of the controller, a direct control of the three-dimensional membership cloud intelligent control is proposed. The control algorithm refers to the idea of PID control algorithm, but is essentially different from PID control algorithm. Three-dimensional membership cloud intelligent control strategy is concise, does not need tedious reasoning calculation, and has strong versatility. It can directly achieve quantitative input, parallel qualitative reasoning, quantitative output control process, less computation, real-time.
Based on the power quality control of distribution network and the improvement of operation safety performance of shunt hybrid active power filter, this paper studies the new shunt hybrid active power filter and its key technologies, which can provide useful reference for promoting the practical process of power electronic system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM761

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