【摘要】：隨著電力電子技術(shù)和功率半導(dǎo)體技術(shù)的發(fā)展，無刷直流電機(jī)用電子換相代替機(jī)械換相，使無刷直流電機(jī)不但具有直流電機(jī)的調(diào)速性能，而且克服了外置式位置傳感器的諸多缺點(diǎn)，體積變得更小，可靠性更好，效率更高，進(jìn)步拓寬了它的應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域。因此，無刷直流電機(jī)的無位置傳感器控制技術(shù)具有重要的研究意義和實(shí)用價(jià)值。 本文以無刷直流電機(jī)的無位置傳感器控制技術(shù)為研究內(nèi)容，針對無刷直流電機(jī)的無位置傳感器控制技術(shù)方面的幾個(gè)關(guān)鍵問題，主要包括轉(zhuǎn)子位置檢測、轉(zhuǎn)子預(yù)定位、PWM調(diào)制方式以及轉(zhuǎn)矩脈動抑制等方面的問題，從理論和實(shí)踐方面展開了較為全面的研究和討論。 本文首先介紹了無刷直流電機(jī)的基本工作原理及其數(shù)學(xué)模型，以此為基礎(chǔ)，對無位置傳感器轉(zhuǎn)子位置檢測中技術(shù)最成熟的反電勢過零點(diǎn)檢測法進(jìn)行了分析，給出了檢測到反電勢過零點(diǎn)后再延遲30°電角度來確定換相點(diǎn)的方法。然后又對無刷直流電機(jī)的起動策略進(jìn)行了討論，對“三段式”起動法的原理、各階段要點(diǎn)給出了詳細(xì)的闡述，理論上分析了該方法的可行性。對于PWM調(diào)制方式的問題，在比較了幾種常用PWM調(diào)制方式的基礎(chǔ)上，本文選擇了ON-PWM的調(diào)制方式，并分析了在該調(diào)制方式下?lián)Q相轉(zhuǎn)矩脈動產(chǎn)生的原因，提出了種簡單有效的方法來抑制換相轉(zhuǎn)矩脈動。 論文在Matlab/Simulink環(huán)境下搭建了無刷直流電機(jī)雙閉環(huán)控制系統(tǒng)的仿真模型并進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)的仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)，然后設(shè)計(jì)了基于TI公司DSP芯片TMS320F28015的無位置傳感器控制系統(tǒng)，并對控制系統(tǒng)的硬件和軟件設(shè)計(jì)作了詳細(xì)介紹。最后，本論文對無位置傳感器無刷直流電機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)的三段式起動、反電勢過零點(diǎn)檢測、換相轉(zhuǎn)矩脈動抑制以及電流轉(zhuǎn)速雙閉環(huán)控制等環(huán)節(jié)進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證與分析，取得了預(yù)想的結(jié)果。
[Abstract]:With the development of power electronics and power semiconductor technology, brushless DC motor uses electronic commutation instead of mechanical commutation, which makes brushless DC motor not only have the speed regulation performance of DC motor. It overcomes many disadvantages of external position sensor, such as smaller size, better reliability and higher efficiency. Therefore, sensorless control technology of brushless DC motor has important significance and practical value. In this paper, the position sensorless control technology of brushless DC motor is taken as the research content, aiming at several key problems of sensorless control technology of brushless DC motor, including rotor position detection. The problems of rotor predetermined position PWM modulation and torque ripple suppression are studied and discussed in theory and practice. In this paper, the basic working principle and mathematical model of brushless DC motor are introduced at first. Based on this, the most mature anti-EMF zero-crossing detection method in sensorless rotor position detection is analyzed. The method of determining commutation point by delaying 30 擄electric angle after detecting zero crossing point of reverse EMF is presented. Then the starting strategy of brushless DC motor is discussed, and the principle of "three-stage" starting method is described in detail, and the feasibility of the method is analyzed theoretically. For the problem of PWM modulation mode, on the basis of comparing several common PWM modulation methods, this paper chooses the ON-PWM modulation mode, and analyzes the reason of the commutation torque ripple under this modulation mode. A simple and effective method is proposed to suppress commutation torque ripple. In this paper, the simulation model of double closed loop control system of brushless DC motor is built in Matlab/Simulink environment and the simulation experiment is carried out. Then, a position sensorless control system based on DSP chip TMS320F28015 of TI company is designed. The hardware and software design of the control system are introduced in detail. Finally, the three-stage starting, anti-EMF zero-crossing detection, commutation torque ripple suppression and double closed-loop current speed control of position sensorless brushless DC motor control system are verified and analyzed. The desired results were achieved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華南理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TP273;TM33

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