【摘要】：超級電容器是一種綠色環(huán)保的具有高功率密度的電化學(xué)儲能器件，其中電極材料的結(jié)構(gòu)和性質(zhì)對超級電容器的性能起著非常重要的作用。通常具有高比表面積、高電導(dǎo)率的碳材料擁有較高的雙電層電容，某些金屬氫氧化物則具有較高的理論贗電容，將兩者結(jié)合構(gòu)建形成的復(fù)合材料作為活性電極材料，是實現(xiàn)高能量密度、高功率密度超級電容器的可行方案，也是目前電極材料研究的熱點之一。目前以碳材料作為載體負(fù)載金屬氫氧化物，通過二者協(xié)同作用獲得的高性能碳基復(fù)合材料已被廣泛研究，其中以石墨烯基復(fù)合電極材料最受關(guān)注。石墨烯獨特的二維結(jié)構(gòu)賦予了它高的比表面積和優(yōu)異電子傳輸能力，因此它是一種具有高雙電層電容的電極材料，而金屬氫氧化物中的氫氧化鎳是一種具有高理論贗電容的活性物質(zhì)，本論文主要圍繞具有優(yōu)異電容性能的石墨烯/氫氧化鎳復(fù)合電極材料，在以下幾個方面展開研究。 1.石墨烯的制備是合成石墨烯基復(fù)合電極材料的基礎(chǔ)，而石墨烯的宏量制備一直是限制其應(yīng)用的一個重要因素。基于本課題組的前期研究，，利用改進(jìn)的Hummers方法，對石墨烯的制備工藝進(jìn)行了調(diào)控，成功地實現(xiàn)了石墨烯的宏量制備。并對宏量制備獲得的樣品與傳統(tǒng)小批量制備所獲得的樣品進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)、性質(zhì)對比，結(jié)果證實了宏量制備工藝的可行性。 2.將宏量制備工藝和小批量方法獲得的氧化石墨分別與具有高贗電容的氫氧化鎳進(jìn)行復(fù)合，合成石墨烯/氫氧化鎳復(fù)合電極材料，探究了氧化石墨的不同制備工藝對于復(fù)合材料結(jié)構(gòu)、性質(zhì)的影響。結(jié)果表明以兩種工藝制備得到的氧化石墨為原料制備所得復(fù)合電極材料的結(jié)構(gòu)和性質(zhì)無明顯差異，進(jìn)一步驗證了宏量制備工藝的可行性。 3.以宏量制備工藝獲得的氧化石墨為前驅(qū)體，進(jìn)一步研究了石墨烯/氫氧化鎳復(fù)合電極材料的電化學(xué)性能，探討不同氫氧化鎳含量、不同干燥方式、以及導(dǎo)電添加劑的加入對復(fù)合材料電化學(xué)性能的影響。
[Abstract]:Supercapacitors are environmentally friendly electrochemical energy storage devices with high power density. The structure and properties of electrode materials play an important role in the performance of supercapacitors. Carbon materials with high specific surface area and high conductivity have high double layer capacitance, and some metal hydroxides have higher theoretical pseudo-capacitance. The composite materials formed by the combination of the two materials are used as active electrode materials. It is a feasible scheme to realize high energy density and high power density supercapacitors, and it is also one of the hot spots in electrode materials research. At present, metal hydroxides supported on carbon materials have been widely studied, among which graphene based composite electrode materials have attracted the most attention. The unique two-dimensional structure of graphene gives it high specific surface area and excellent electron transport ability, so it is a kind of electrode material with high double layer capacitance. Nickel hydroxide in metal hydroxide is a kind of active material with high theoretical pseudo-capacitance. In the following aspects of research. 1. The preparation of graphene is the basis for the synthesis of graphene based composite electrode materials, and the macroscopical preparation of graphene is an important factor limiting its application. Based on the previous research of our group, the preparation process of graphene was regulated by the improved Hummers method, and the macroscopical preparation of graphene was successfully realized. The structure and properties of the samples obtained by macro volume preparation were compared with those obtained by traditional small batch preparation. The results show that the preparation process of macro volume is feasible. 2. Graphene / nickel hydroxide composite electrode materials were synthesized by compounding graphite oxide obtained by macro preparation and small batch method with nickel hydroxide with high pseudo-capacitance. The effects of different preparation processes of graphite oxide on the structure and properties of composites were investigated. The results show that there is no obvious difference in structure and properties of the composite electrode materials prepared from graphite oxide prepared by two kinds of processes, which further verifies the feasibility of the macroscopical preparation process. The electrochemical properties of graphene / nickel hydroxide composite electrode materials were further studied by using graphite oxide as precursor, and different nickel hydroxide contents and drying methods were discussed. And the effect of conductive additives on the electrochemical properties of composites.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TQ127.11;TM53

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 楊紅生,周嘯,馮天富,湯孝平;電化學(xué)電容器最新研究進(jìn)展 I.雙電層電容器[J];電子元件與材料;2003年02期

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