【摘要】：隨著化石燃料消耗的增加,加劇了世界性能源短缺以及由此引起的環(huán)境污染問題。太陽能作為清潔、安全、持久、可靠的綠色能源逐漸成為人類研究開發(fā)的熱點(diǎn),而其中獨(dú)立光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)因其經(jīng)濟(jì)、簡單、靈活等優(yōu)點(diǎn)在我國農(nóng)村和邊遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)有著廣闊的市場,本文主要針對獨(dú)立光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)中的最大功率點(diǎn)跟蹤和混合儲能技術(shù)進(jìn)行細(xì)致的探究。 本文首先介紹了太陽能電池的發(fā)電原理、輸出特性,并在此基礎(chǔ)上給出光伏電池的數(shù)學(xué)模型。對光伏陣列最大功率點(diǎn)跟蹤算法進(jìn)行深入的分析和研究,在傳統(tǒng)電導(dǎo)增量法的基礎(chǔ)上,給出一種新穎的變步長電導(dǎo)增量法,仿真和實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果證明了該算法既提高了最大功率點(diǎn)的追蹤速度,又改善了最大功率點(diǎn)跟蹤的穩(wěn)定性,減少了功率損失。 光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的儲能環(huán)節(jié)至關(guān)重要,論文對當(dāng)前研究熱點(diǎn)和成果進(jìn)行概括和總結(jié),再分析由超級電容器與蓄電池組成的混合儲能系統(tǒng)的研究成果的基礎(chǔ)上,通過新型軟開關(guān)DC-DC變換器連接蓄電池和超級電容器,實(shí)現(xiàn)開關(guān)管的零電流和零電壓關(guān)斷,消除開關(guān)損耗�；旌蟽δ芟到y(tǒng)充分利用蓄電池能量密度大和超級電容器功率密度大、循環(huán)使用壽命長等優(yōu)點(diǎn),可顯著提高儲能系統(tǒng)的性能。 最后,實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)一臺3KW獨(dú)立光伏發(fā)電平臺裝置,選用BOOST作為升壓變換器,對系統(tǒng)的硬件電路進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì),并詳細(xì)分析了電路中的元件選型和參數(shù)計(jì)算,以DSP芯片TMS320LF2812為控制核心,實(shí)時對獨(dú)立光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行監(jiān)控,實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果證明了該裝置的有效性。
[Abstract]:With the increase of fossil fuel consumption, the shortage of world energy and the environmental pollution caused by it have been aggravated. Solar energy, as a clean, safe, lasting and reliable green energy, has gradually become a hot spot of human research and development. Among them, the independent photovoltaic power generation system has the advantages of economy, simplicity and flexibility in rural and remote areas of China. There is a broad market, this paper focuses on the maximum power point tracking and hybrid energy storage technology in the stand-alone photovoltaic power generation system.
In this paper, the principle and output characteristics of solar cells are introduced firstly, and then the mathematical model of photovoltaic cells is given. The maximum power point tracking algorithm of photovoltaic arrays is analyzed and studied in depth. Based on the traditional conductance increment method, a novel variable step conductance increment method is presented, and the simulation and experimental results are verified. It is shown that this algorithm not only improves the tracking speed of the maximum power point, but also improves the stability of the maximum power point tracking and reduces the power loss.
The energy storage link of photovoltaic power generation system is very important. This paper summarizes the current research hotspots and achievements. On the basis of analyzing the research results of hybrid energy storage system composed of super capacitors and storage batteries, a new type of soft-switching DC-DC converter is used to connect storage batteries and super capacitors to realize the zero-current sum of switching transistors. The hybrid energy storage system can make full use of the advantages of high battery energy density, high supercapacitor power density, long cycle life and so on, which can significantly improve the performance of the energy storage system.
Finally, a 3KW stand-alone photovoltaic power generation platform is designed experimentally, and BOOST is selected as boost converter. The hardware circuit of the system is designed, and the component selection and parameter calculation are analyzed in detail. The DSP chip TMS320LF2812 is used as the control core to monitor the stand-alone photovoltaic power generation system in real time. The experimental results prove that the system is effective. The effectiveness of the device.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM615

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