【摘要】：染料敏化太陽(yáng)能電池(Dye-sensitized Solar Cell, DSCs)因其理論光電轉(zhuǎn)換效率高、制備工藝簡(jiǎn)單、成本低廉、環(huán)境友好等優(yōu)點(diǎn)成為近二十年的研究熱點(diǎn),具有廣闊的應(yīng)用前景。對(duì)電極是染料敏化太陽(yáng)能電池的重要組成部分,具有收集外電路電子與催化還原I3-離子的作用。貴金屬鉑因其優(yōu)良的催化活性、導(dǎo)電能力、化學(xué)穩(wěn)定性,一直是最常使用的對(duì)電極材料。由于鉑的儲(chǔ)量有限、價(jià)格昂貴,在一定程度上增加了電池的制作成本,必然會(huì)制約染料敏化太陽(yáng)能電池以后的推廣應(yīng)用。因此對(duì)傳統(tǒng)的鉑對(duì)電極進(jìn)行修飾優(yōu)化以提高其催化活性；探索材料來(lái)源豐富、價(jià)格低廉、催化活性高的替代材料對(duì)于染料敏化太陽(yáng)能電池有重大的意義。本文制備了具有光反射性能的鉑薄膜通過(guò)與傳統(tǒng)的鉑對(duì)電極進(jìn)行比較,研究其對(duì)電池光電性能方面的影響；采用簡(jiǎn)易的濕化學(xué)法制備微量N摻雜的In2O3并探索其對(duì)I-/I3-氧化還原電對(duì)的催化性能。本論文所得到的主要結(jié)論如下： (1)在低溫條件下采用原位生長(zhǎng)的方法于FTO導(dǎo)電玻璃基底上沉積一層具有金屬光澤、較高光反射性的鉑薄膜,與傳統(tǒng)的鉑對(duì)電極相比它與基底結(jié)合性更好,表面更致密。在染料敏化太陽(yáng)能電池體系中,鉑鏡對(duì)電極表現(xiàn)出更高的催化活性,光電轉(zhuǎn)換效率達(dá)7.49%,光電流密度達(dá)到18.50mA cm-2。相對(duì)于傳統(tǒng)的鉑對(duì)電極效率和電流密度分別提升了18.5%和15.3%。 (2)采用硝酸銦分解合成少量N摻雜的In2O3納米晶,硝酸銦作為反應(yīng)物同時(shí)也提供氮源。N-In2O3作為對(duì)電極材料應(yīng)用于染料敏化太陽(yáng)能電池中得到了7.78%的光電轉(zhuǎn)換效率,而未摻雜的In2O3對(duì)電極所得電池的效率只有0.96%。電化學(xué)阻抗EIS、循環(huán)伏安特性、塔菲爾等測(cè)試表明少量N元素的摻雜使本征惰性的In2O3具有較高的催化活性。
[Abstract]:Dye-sensitized solar cell (Dye-sensitized Solar Cell, DSCs) has become a research hotspot in recent 20 years because of its advantages of high theoretical photoelectric conversion efficiency, simple preparation process, low cost and environmental friendliness, and has a broad application prospect. Pair electrode is an important component of dye sensitized solar cells, which has the function of collecting external circuit electrons and catalyzing the reduction of I 3- ions. Due to its excellent catalytic activity, conductivity and chemical stability, precious metal platinum has always been the most commonly used counter electrode material. Due to the limited reserves and high price of platinum, the production cost of solar cells is increased to a certain extent, which will inevitably restrict the popularization and application of dye sensitized solar cells in the future. Therefore, it is of great significance for dye sensitized solar cells to modify and optimize the traditional platinum electrode in order to improve its catalytic activity, and to explore alternative materials with rich sources, low cost and high catalytic activity for dye sensitized solar cells. In this paper, the effect of platinum thin film with photoreflectivity on the photovoltaic performance of the battery was studied by comparing with the traditional platinum counter electrode. A simple wet chemical method was used to prepare microamounts of N-doped In2O3 and its catalytic properties for I-R / I3- redox electric pairs were investigated. The main conclusions obtained in this thesis are as follows: (1) the platinum thin films with metallic gloss and high light reflectivity were deposited on FTO conductive glass substrate by in situ growth at low temperature. Compared with traditional platinum opposite electrode, it has better binding to substrate and denser surface. In the dye sensitized solar cell system, the platinum mirror exhibits higher catalytic activity to the electrode, the photoelectric conversion efficiency reaches 7.49 and the photocurrent density reaches 18.50mA cm-2.. Compared with the conventional platinum pair electrode, the efficiency and current density of the platinum pair electrode were increased by 18.5% and 15.33%, respectively. (2) A small amount of N-doped In2O3 nanocrystals were synthesized by indium nitrate decomposition. Indium nitrate as reactant also provides nitrogen source. N-In2O3 is used as counter electrode material to obtain 7.78% photoconversion efficiency in dye sensitized solar cells, while the efficiency of undoped In2O3 is only 0.96% for the electrode. Electrochemical impedance EIS, cyclic voltammetry measurements showed that a small amount of N doping made the intrinsic inert In2O3 have higher catalytic activity.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM914.4

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本文編號(hào)：2207601