【摘要】：近年來隨著科技發(fā)展和人們生活水平提高，手機、穿戴式設(shè)備、人體植入式設(shè)備以及無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)等得到廣泛應(yīng)用并且呈現(xiàn)逐年增長趨勢。這些設(shè)備主要特點有功率等級較低、耗能較高以及尺寸較小等，能量補充問題始終是制約這些設(shè)備進一步發(fā)展的瓶頸。傳統(tǒng)充電方式大都采用有線方式，雖然效率較高，但是存在充電器接口不統(tǒng)一、潛在安全隱患以及攜帶不方便等固有缺點。這就要求提出一種新型充電方式來解決上述問題，磁耦合共振式無線電能傳輸技術(shù)隨之而生，與其它無線電能傳輸技術(shù)相比，具有傳輸距離遠、功率等級大以及效率較高等優(yōu)勢，最具有應(yīng)用前景。 本文以磁耦合共振式技術(shù)為基礎(chǔ)，研究遠距離內(nèi)、大發(fā)射端對小接收端形式的不對稱線圈結(jié)構(gòu)以及不同負載接入方式時小功率無線電能傳輸系統(tǒng)，旨在為不同種類的小功率設(shè)備提供更加便捷的充電方式，以便解決設(shè)備的能量補充問題，從而推動這些設(shè)備進一步廣泛應(yīng)用。 本文首先對系統(tǒng)基本原理進行研究，通過電路理論分析二線圈模型，得到影響系統(tǒng)傳輸功率和效率的主要因素，得知這種結(jié)構(gòu)不適合于遠距離傳輸場合。為克服這種缺陷，，優(yōu)化設(shè)計三線圈結(jié)構(gòu)，通過使用發(fā)射端增強線圈實現(xiàn)電流以及空間磁場強度和分布范圍的放大。同時，對接收端不同負載接入方式進行分析，提出不同負載阻值情況時需要選擇相應(yīng)的負載接入方式，以便提高傳輸距離、功率和效率。 采用上述三線圈結(jié)構(gòu)完成系統(tǒng)實驗平臺搭建，主要研究三線圈結(jié)構(gòu)的合理性、接收端不同負載接入方式及負載變化特性、傳輸方向特性、多接收端情況以及空間磁場分布和軟開關(guān)狀態(tài)對系統(tǒng)性能影響。實驗證明：論文設(shè)計的發(fā)射端能夠保證系統(tǒng)高效工作；不同負載阻值需要選擇合適的負載接入方式以及多接收端能夠有效提高傳輸功率和效率，與實際應(yīng)用要求相一致。 系統(tǒng)能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)如下指標：水平傳輸方向40cm內(nèi)為2W的白色LED燈泡、1.5W的紅色LED小燈以及1.5W的手機無線供電，系統(tǒng)傳輸效率為20%；垂直傳輸方向50cm內(nèi)為3W的白色LED燈泡、2W的紅色LED小燈以及1.5W的手機無線供電，系統(tǒng)傳輸效率為26%。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the development of science and technology and the improvement of people's living standard, mobile phones, wearable devices, human implantable devices and wireless sensor networks have been widely used and have been increasing year by year. The main characteristics of these equipments are low power level, high energy consumption and small size, etc. The problem of energy supplement is always the bottleneck to the further development of these equipments. Most of the traditional charging methods are wired, although the efficiency is high, but the charger interface is not uniform, the potential security risks and the inherent shortcomings such as carrying inconvenient. This requires that a new charging method be proposed to solve the above problems. The magnetically coupled resonance radio energy transmission technology comes along with it, and it has a long transmission distance compared with other radio energy transmission technologies. High power level and high efficiency advantages, the most promising application. Based on the magnetically coupled resonance technique, this paper studies the asymmetric coil structure in the form of large transmitter to small receiver and the low power radio energy transmission system with different load access modes in a long distance. The aim of this paper is to provide a more convenient charging method for different kinds of low-power equipment, so as to solve the problem of energy replenishment of the equipment and promote the further application of these devices. In this paper, the basic principle of the system is studied, and the two-coil model is analyzed based on the circuit theory. The main factors affecting the transmission power and efficiency of the system are obtained, and it is found that this structure is not suitable for long-distance transmission. In order to overcome this defect, the three-coil structure is optimized, and the current, the intensity and the distribution range of the space magnetic field are amplified by using the enhanced coil at the emitter. At the same time, the different load access modes of the receiver are analyzed, and it is proposed that the load access mode should be selected when the load resistance is different, in order to improve the transmission distance, power and efficiency. The three-coil structure is used to build the system experimental platform. The rationality of the three-coil structure, the different load access mode, the load variation characteristics and the transmission direction characteristics of the receiving end are studied. The effects of multi-receiver, spatial magnetic field distribution and soft switching state on the performance of the system are discussed. The experiments show that the transmitter designed in this paper can ensure the efficient operation of the system, and the different load resistance needs to select the appropriate load access mode and multi-receiver can effectively improve the transmission power and efficiency, which is consistent with the practical application requirements. The system can realize the following targets: the white LED light bulb of 2 W in the horizontal direction 40cm and the red LED light lamp of 1.5 W and the wireless power supply of the mobile phone of 1.5 W, the transmission efficiency of the system is 20 parts; In the vertical direction of 50cm, the white LED light bulb of 3W and the red LED lamp of 2W and the wireless power supply of 1.5W mobile phone, the transmission efficiency of the system is 26W.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM724

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