【摘要】：我國的配電網(wǎng)主要采用變壓器中性點小電流接地系統(tǒng),當(dāng)發(fā)生單相接地故障時,由于配電網(wǎng)結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜,接地電流小,很難準(zhǔn)確定位故障。本論文主要進(jìn)行配電網(wǎng)單相接地故障診斷系統(tǒng)的研制與開發(fā),研究了不接地以及經(jīng)消弧線圈接地系統(tǒng)的故障特征,提出了采用暫態(tài)特征進(jìn)行故障定位的圖論法定位原理,并對故障診斷系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了硬件設(shè)計以及軟件開發(fā)。 本文分析了中性點不接地系統(tǒng)以及經(jīng)消弧線圈接地系統(tǒng)單相接地故障特征,確定了采用故障暫態(tài)信息進(jìn)行故障定位,提出采用小波變換、Prony算法、暫態(tài)能量法以及首半波法四種方法進(jìn)行暫態(tài)特征的提取。并研究圖論中樹的兩種搜索方式,即廣度優(yōu)先遍歷和深度優(yōu)先遍歷,選擇搜索速度快的廣度優(yōu)先遍歷作為故障搜索方法。 本文提出了基于多種暫態(tài)特征的圖論法故障定位原理,即根據(jù)四種算法的暫態(tài)特征判據(jù),對故障線路進(jìn)行廣度優(yōu)先遍歷搜索,得出各算法所定位的區(qū)段,通過投票表決的方式確定故障區(qū)段。并通過仿真進(jìn)行了驗證,證明所提出定位原理的定位準(zhǔn)確度很高且適用于兩種接地系統(tǒng)。 本文對終端進(jìn)行了硬件設(shè)計,終端在四方公司CSC271e裝置基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行了實用性功能改進(jìn),縮小了機箱、增加了上傳暫態(tài)特征的遙測信息、修改了零序電壓、電流的采集功能、增加了零序電壓的檢測功能。并介紹了終端的整體設(shè)計以及端子排定義。 本文對終端的故障特征提取算法的實現(xiàn)流程進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)設(shè)計。并針對硬件的情況,選擇了VxWorks嵌入式操作系統(tǒng),并詳細(xì)介紹了開發(fā)環(huán)境Tornado。并完成了終端算法的程序?qū)崿F(xiàn),對變量定義、主程序函數(shù)和算法計算函數(shù)進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)介紹。 此外,本文設(shè)計的配電網(wǎng)故障診斷系統(tǒng),在實際掛網(wǎng)運行前,在RTDS實時數(shù)字仿真平臺上進(jìn)行了實驗。實驗結(jié)果表明本文提出的故障區(qū)段定位原理定位效果好、實用性強,設(shè)計的故障診斷系統(tǒng)可以準(zhǔn)確、快速的進(jìn)行故障定位。
[Abstract]:The distribution network of our country mainly uses the transformer neutral point small current earthing system. When the single-phase grounding fault occurs, it is very difficult to locate the fault accurately because of the complex structure of the distribution network and the small earthing current. In this paper, the research and development of single-phase grounding fault diagnosis system in distribution network is carried out. The fault characteristics of ungrounded and arc-suppression coil grounding systems are studied, and the principle of using transient characteristics to locate fault is put forward. The hardware design and software development of the fault diagnosis system are also carried out. In this paper, the characteristics of single-phase grounding fault of neutral ungrounded system and arc-suppression coil grounding system are analyzed, fault location is determined by using transient information of fault, and wavelet transform Prony algorithm is proposed. The transient energy method and the first half wave method are used to extract the transient characteristics. Two search methods of tree in graph theory, namely breadth first traversal and depth first traversal, are studied, and the fast search speed breadth first traversal is chosen as the fault search method. In this paper, the principle of fault location based on various transient characteristics is proposed, that is, according to the transient characteristic criterion of four algorithms, the fault lines are searched by breadth-first traversal search, and the sections located by each algorithm are obtained. The fault section is determined by voting. The simulation results show that the proposed positioning principle is accurate and suitable for two grounding systems. In this paper, the hardware of the terminal is designed. The utility function of the terminal is improved on the basis of the CSC271e device of Sifang Company, the chassis is reduced, the telemetering information of the transient characteristics is added, and the acquisition function of zero sequence voltage and current is modified. The detection function of zero sequence voltage is added. The overall design of the terminal and the definition of the terminal row are also introduced. In this paper, the implementation process of the terminal fault feature extraction algorithm is designed in detail. According to the hardware situation, the VxWorks embedded operating system is selected, and the development environment Tornado. is introduced in detail. The program implementation of the terminal algorithm is completed, and the definition of variables, the main program function and the algorithm calculation function are introduced in detail. In addition, the distribution network fault diagnosis system designed in this paper is tested on the RTDS real-time digital simulation platform before the actual operation. The experimental results show that the principle of fault section location proposed in this paper is effective and practical, and the designed fault diagnosis system can accurately and quickly locate the fault.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM862

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