【摘要】：太陽(yáng)能具有分布廣泛且易于獲取等優(yōu)點(diǎn)現(xiàn)已得到廣泛應(yīng)用。與塔式和槽式等其它形式的太陽(yáng)能熱發(fā)電系統(tǒng)相比較碟式太陽(yáng)能熱發(fā)電系統(tǒng)將太陽(yáng)能轉(zhuǎn)化為電能的轉(zhuǎn)化效率最高，并且適合小規(guī)模分散式發(fā)電，對(duì)優(yōu)化能源結(jié)構(gòu)具有較高研究?jī)r(jià)值。 本文主要對(duì)整個(gè)碟式太陽(yáng)能熱發(fā)電系統(tǒng)中的雙軸跟蹤部分和初始并網(wǎng)部分進(jìn)行主要研究。雙軸跟蹤部分首先分析了碟式太陽(yáng)能熱發(fā)電系統(tǒng)，在此基礎(chǔ)上深入研究了太陽(yáng)能熱發(fā)電跟蹤控制方法，確定了可為雙軸跟蹤控制系統(tǒng)跟蹤太陽(yáng)的入射光線提供正確有效的數(shù)據(jù)的坐標(biāo)系統(tǒng)，利用MATLAB對(duì)地平坐標(biāo)系提供的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行仿真并驗(yàn)證了該坐標(biāo)系統(tǒng)的正確性。其次通過(guò)對(duì)傳統(tǒng)控制方法的分析，提出了采用視日運(yùn)動(dòng)軌跡跟蹤與傳感器閉環(huán)跟蹤相結(jié)合的混合跟蹤方法保證聚光器精確跟蹤并降低成本。最后本文詳細(xì)介紹控制軟件的設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程，采用基于虛擬儀器控制作為碟式太陽(yáng)能熱發(fā)電雙軸跟蹤系統(tǒng)的控制部分。選用結(jié)合了簡(jiǎn)單框圖形式開(kāi)發(fā)環(huán)境和“G”語(yǔ)言編程的LabVIEW作為控制軟件，簡(jiǎn)化了繁重的編程工作。硬件部分選用光敏電阻作為傳感器根據(jù)光照強(qiáng)度的變化產(chǎn)生不同的電信號(hào)并利用PCI/PXI-6221型數(shù)據(jù)采集裝置完成數(shù)據(jù)的采集，，通過(guò)NI SCC-68實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)電機(jī)的控制通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證所設(shè)計(jì)方法的正確性。 本文對(duì)于控制系統(tǒng)的另一重要環(huán)節(jié)雙饋電機(jī)的初始并網(wǎng)方法進(jìn)行深入研究，利用標(biāo)量分析法和矢量分析法兩種方法分別對(duì)雙饋電機(jī)并網(wǎng)條件進(jìn)行分析，提高了并網(wǎng)過(guò)程的可控性與合閘點(diǎn)選擇的準(zhǔn)確性成功解決了并網(wǎng)時(shí)網(wǎng)側(cè)與機(jī)側(cè)相位不能完全同步而產(chǎn)生巨大的沖擊電流的問(wèn)題。搭建了并網(wǎng)實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)Ｐ筒⒓尤肓四軌驅(qū)崟r(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)電機(jī)運(yùn)行狀態(tài)的檢測(cè)電路，主控制電路中利用西門子MICROMASTER440通用型變頻器控制原動(dòng)機(jī)和雙饋電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)子端，使之滿足雙饋電機(jī)定子電壓幅值、頻率、相位、相序與電網(wǎng)一致的并網(wǎng)條件，最終實(shí)現(xiàn)無(wú)沖擊初始并網(wǎng)。
[Abstract]:Solar energy has been widely used because of its wide distribution and easy access. Compared with other solar thermal power generation systems, such as tower type and trough type, the disc solar thermal power generation system can convert solar energy into electricity with the highest efficiency and is suitable for small scale distributed power generation. It has high research value for optimizing energy structure. In this paper, the biaxial tracking part and the initial grid-connected part of the whole disk solar thermal power generation system are mainly studied. In the biaxial tracking part, first of all, the disk solar thermal power generation system is analyzed, and on this basis, the tracking control method of solar thermal power generation is studied in depth. The coordinate system which can provide correct and effective data for the incident ray tracking of the sun in the biaxial tracking control system is determined. The data provided in the horizontal coordinate system is simulated by MATLAB and the correctness of the coordinate system is verified. Secondly, through the analysis of the traditional control methods, a hybrid tracking method is proposed to ensure the accurate tracking of the concentrator and reduce the cost. Finally, the design process of the control software is introduced in detail, which is based on the virtual instrument control as the control part of the double axis tracking system for solar thermal power generation. LabVIEW, which combines the development environment of simple block diagram and "G" language programming, is selected as control software, which simplifies the heavy programming work. In the hardware part, the photosensitive resistor is selected as the sensor to produce different electrical signals according to the change of the illumination intensity, and the data acquisition is completed by using the PCI/PXI-6221 data acquisition device. The control of the motor is realized by NI SCC-68. The correctness of the design method is verified by experiment. In this paper, the initial grid-connected method of another important link of the control system is studied, and the grid-connected conditions of the doubly-fed machine are analyzed by using scalar analysis and vector analysis, respectively. The controllability of the grid-connected process and the accuracy of the closing point selection have been improved successfully to solve the problem that the phase of the grid-side and the machine-side can not be completely synchronized during the grid-connected process resulting in a huge impact current. A grid-connected experimental model is built and a detecting circuit is added to monitor the running state of the motor in real time. In the main control circuit, Siemens MICROMASTER440 inverter is used to control the prime mover and the rotor end of the doubly-fed motor. The voltage amplitude, frequency, phase and phase sequence of the stator voltage of the doubly-fed machine are satisfied with the grid-connected condition of the grid, and the initial grid connection is realized without impact.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM615;TP273

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