【摘要】：隨著全球經(jīng)濟的快速發(fā)展,電網(wǎng)大規(guī)�；ヂ�(lián)成為電力系統(tǒng)發(fā)展的必然趨勢,電網(wǎng)的復(fù)雜程度也隨之增加。在提高系統(tǒng)運行經(jīng)濟性的同時,對電網(wǎng)的供電可靠性提出了更為苛刻的要求。局部電網(wǎng)的某些故障也可能波及相鄰區(qū)域電網(wǎng),并引發(fā)連鎖反應(yīng),進而大面積導(dǎo)致停電事故甚至是整個電網(wǎng)的崩潰。因此,找到電網(wǎng)的薄弱環(huán)節(jié)并提出有效的連鎖故障預(yù)防控制策略,是避免因連鎖故障而導(dǎo)致電網(wǎng)大停電事故的關(guān)鍵。 本文首先系統(tǒng)地總結(jié)了電網(wǎng)連鎖故障的分析方法及預(yù)防控制的研究現(xiàn)狀,總結(jié)歸納出電網(wǎng)連鎖故障發(fā)展及傳播的規(guī)律,而且基于自組織臨界理論給出了連鎖故障產(chǎn)生機理的解釋；分析連鎖故障分析模型的不足,提出有必要進一步研究連鎖故障的實用化分析方法,并給出了基于直流潮流模型的電網(wǎng)實時連鎖故障模型,從而在該模型的基礎(chǔ)上找出電網(wǎng)當(dāng)前的薄弱環(huán)節(jié),預(yù)測電網(wǎng)可能發(fā)生的連鎖反應(yīng)故障傳播序列。 本文基于潮流追蹤理論的思想,提出了利用份額、供給率與汲取率的概念,建立了發(fā)電機、負(fù)荷與輸電線路之間利用分配關(guān)系的解析模型。在此基礎(chǔ)上,提出了電網(wǎng)連鎖故障的預(yù)防控制策略。該策略首先得到每臺發(fā)電機、每個負(fù)荷對各條線路的利用份額,通過控制發(fā)電機的有功出力來調(diào)整線路潮流,以此來達(dá)到改善系統(tǒng)潮流分布、延緩系統(tǒng)向自組織臨界態(tài)的過渡過程的目的,并最終降低連鎖故障發(fā)生的可能性。 最后,采用甘肅電網(wǎng)2012年冬季大負(fù)荷運行方式為算例,對本文所提出的連鎖故障預(yù)防控制策略的正確性和有效性進行了驗證和分析。算例結(jié)果能夠達(dá)到預(yù)期的效果,為防止電網(wǎng)大停電事故的發(fā)生提供了有效的研究思路。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of global economy, large-scale interconnection of power grid becomes an inevitable trend of power system development, and the complexity of power grid also increases. At the same time, more stringent requirements are put forward for the reliability of power supply. Some faults of local power grid may also spread to the adjacent regional power grid, and cause chain reaction, which leads to the blackout accident or even the collapse of the whole power network. Therefore, it is the key to find the weak links of the power network and put forward effective preventive and control strategy of cascading faults to avoid the power grid blackouts caused by cascading faults. Firstly, this paper systematically summarizes the analysis methods of power network cascading faults and the research status of prevention and control, and summarizes the law of the development and spread of power network cascading faults. Furthermore, based on the self-organizing criticality theory, the mechanism of cascading fault is explained, and the deficiency of cascading fault analysis model is analyzed, and the practical analysis method of cascading fault is put forward. A real-time cascading fault model based on DC power flow model is presented. Based on this model, the current weak links of the power network are found and the chain reaction fault propagation sequence is predicted. Based on the idea of power flow tracing theory, this paper puts forward the concepts of utilization share, supply rate and absorption rate, and establishes an analytical model of utilization distribution relationship between generator, load and transmission line. On this basis, the prevention and control strategy of power network cascading fault is put forward. The strategy first obtains the utilization share of each generator and load to each line, and adjusts the line power flow by controlling the active power output of the generator to improve the power flow distribution of the system. The purpose of delaying the transition from self-organized critical state to self-organizing critical state is to reduce the possibility of cascading faults. Finally, the correctness and effectiveness of the preventive control strategy for cascading faults proposed in this paper are verified and analyzed by using the heavy load operation mode of Gansu power grid in the winter of 2012 as an example. The results of the examples can achieve the desired results and provide an effective research idea for preventing power outages.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM711

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