【摘要】：隨著日益凸顯的環(huán)境和資源問題，“節(jié)能減排”成為各行各業(yè)發(fā)展的方向，永磁同步電機(jī)以其效率高，，控制性能好，損耗低等特點(diǎn)成為代替?zhèn)鹘y(tǒng)伺服運(yùn)動(dòng)部分的最佳選擇。然而，永磁同步電機(jī)的控制需要精確的轉(zhuǎn)速和位置信息，傳統(tǒng)采用機(jī)械式傳感器來解決這一問題。但是，隨著機(jī)械傳感器的引入，也帶來了許多新問題，如增加了系統(tǒng)慣量、減弱系統(tǒng)的精確性、機(jī)械傳感器安裝復(fù)雜等。因此，無傳感器控制系統(tǒng)成為研究的焦點(diǎn)。 本文針對(duì)由于擴(kuò)展卡爾曼濾波器算法運(yùn)算量大，傳統(tǒng)控制器無法滿足系統(tǒng)實(shí)時(shí)性的不足，采用Verilog HDL作為編程語(yǔ)言，完成了對(duì)基于FPGA的永磁同步電機(jī)無傳感器控制系統(tǒng)的部分研究工作。該系統(tǒng)利用FPGA高速數(shù)據(jù)處理的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，采用Altera公司Cyclone II系列芯片EP2C8Q208C8作為控制器核心。在實(shí)現(xiàn)無傳感器控制的同時(shí)，實(shí)現(xiàn)了控制器的功能性集成，其中包括坐標(biāo)變換、PI調(diào)節(jié)、逆變器控制、轉(zhuǎn)速估計(jì)等功能。本文主要對(duì)永磁同步電機(jī)無傳感器控制系統(tǒng)的相關(guān)理論進(jìn)行了研究，在分析了擴(kuò)展卡爾曼濾波器算法在永磁同步電機(jī)中的應(yīng)用原理與工作過程的基礎(chǔ)上，建立了基于擴(kuò)展卡爾曼濾波器算法的永磁同步電機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)模型。同時(shí)根據(jù)無傳感器控制系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)，詳細(xì)闡述了該無傳感器控制系統(tǒng)在FPGA上的實(shí)現(xiàn)方法。通過仿真分析對(duì)各部分進(jìn)行了驗(yàn)證，證明了所設(shè)計(jì)的基于FPGA永磁同步電機(jī)無傳感器控制系統(tǒng)的可行性。同時(shí)通過對(duì)聯(lián)合仿真結(jié)果的分析，證明該系統(tǒng)實(shí)時(shí)性好，對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)子的轉(zhuǎn)速估計(jì)精確度高，符合控制系統(tǒng)的要求。 隨著半導(dǎo)體電子技術(shù)的飛速發(fā)展，控制器的數(shù)字化和功能的集成化成為控制系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)。本文的研究對(duì)永磁同步電機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展具有一定的參考價(jià)值，為永磁同步電機(jī)無傳感器控制系統(tǒng)的應(yīng)用提供了一種解決方案。
[Abstract]:With the increasingly prominent environmental and resource problems, "energy saving and emission reduction" has become the development direction of various industries. PMSM, with its high efficiency, good control performance and low loss, has become the best choice to replace the traditional servo movement part. However, the control of PMSM requires accurate speed and position information, which is solved by traditional mechanical sensor. However, with the introduction of mechanical sensors, many new problems have been brought, such as increasing the inertia of the system, weakening the accuracy of the system, installing the mechanical sensors and so on. Therefore, sensorless control system has become the focus of research. In this paper, Verilog HDL is used as a programming language to solve the problem that the traditional controller can not satisfy the real-time performance of the system because of the large computational complexity of the extended Kalman filter algorithm. The research of sensorless control system of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) based on FPGA is completed. The system takes advantage of the high speed data processing of FPGA and adopts Cyclone II series chip EP2C8Q208C8 of Altera company as the core of controller. While sensorless control is realized, the functional integration of the controller is realized, including coordinate transformation Pi regulation, inverter control, speed estimation and so on. In this paper, the theory of sensorless control system of PMSM is studied, and the application principle and working process of extended Kalman filter algorithm in PMSM are analyzed. A permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) control system model based on extended Kalman filter (EKF) algorithm is established. At the same time, according to the structure of sensorless control system, the realization method of sensorless control system on FPGA is described in detail. The simulation results show that the sensorless control system based on FPGA is feasible. At the same time, through the analysis of the joint simulation results, it is proved that the system has good real-time performance and high accuracy of rotor speed estimation, which meets the requirements of the control system. With the rapid development of semiconductor electronic technology, the digitization of controller and the integration of function become the development trend of control system. The research in this paper has a certain reference value for the development of PMSM control system and provides a solution for the application of PMSM sensorless control system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM341

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