【摘要】：電壓穩(wěn)定問題是電力系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定性的重要方面，影響電壓穩(wěn)定的因素以及電壓穩(wěn)定與功角穩(wěn)定的關(guān)系是人們長期以來十分關(guān)注的重要理論與工程問題，由于實際電網(wǎng)的復(fù)雜性，這些問題也呈現(xiàn)出十分復(fù)雜的關(guān)聯(lián)關(guān)系，需要結(jié)合不同電網(wǎng)的具體特點進行系統(tǒng)深入的研究才能得出符合電網(wǎng)實際的結(jié)論。 本文以湖南電網(wǎng)為工程背景研究電力系統(tǒng)的電壓穩(wěn)定性，重點研究無功補償對電壓穩(wěn)定的影響。湖南電網(wǎng)位處華中大區(qū)電網(wǎng)的末端，是華中電網(wǎng)的大型受端系統(tǒng)。大量仿真分析表明，湖南電網(wǎng)在豐水期小方式下存在比較突出的電壓穩(wěn)定問題。為此，本文在扼要地綜述了電力系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定問題的分類以及電壓穩(wěn)定研究現(xiàn)狀，并系統(tǒng)地闡述了電壓穩(wěn)定分析的數(shù)學(xué)模型及其主要分析方法的基礎(chǔ)上，系統(tǒng)地研究了湖南電網(wǎng)在豐水期小方式下的運行特點。通過對湘南地區(qū)三種負荷水平條件下湖南電網(wǎng)豐水期小方式下潮流分布的特點分析以及500kV主干網(wǎng)絡(luò)不同位置三相短路時的暫態(tài)穩(wěn)定掃描分析，比較全面地掌握了在湖南電網(wǎng)豐水期小方式運行條件下，系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定性方面所存在的主要問題。 分別采用靜態(tài)靈敏度和動態(tài)軌跡靈敏度分析方法，系統(tǒng)地研究了湖南電網(wǎng)220kV及以上主網(wǎng)的電壓先導(dǎo)節(jié)點分布。結(jié)果表明，，電網(wǎng)的電壓先導(dǎo)節(jié)點既是正常運行方式下電壓水平對無功補償容量變化最敏感的節(jié)點，也是暫態(tài)電壓穩(wěn)定的薄弱節(jié)點。在此基礎(chǔ)上，系統(tǒng)地研究了無功補償配置以及系統(tǒng)開機方式對暫態(tài)電壓穩(wěn)定性的影響。研究表明，對電壓敏感性最大的母線配置足夠的并聯(lián)電容器補償能夠有效地改善系統(tǒng)的正常運行電壓水平，但是卻更容易導(dǎo)致系統(tǒng)暫態(tài)電壓失穩(wěn)；總體而言，采用相當?shù)腟VC等動態(tài)無功補償容量配置不僅可以滿足正常運行條件下的電壓水平要求，而且能夠顯著改善暫態(tài)電壓穩(wěn)定水平；系統(tǒng)的開機方式對暫態(tài)電壓穩(wěn)定性具有至關(guān)重要的影響，一般而言，無論采用并聯(lián)電容器補償或是SVC動態(tài)無功補償，適當增加受端電網(wǎng)的開機比例能夠顯著提高電網(wǎng)的暫態(tài)電壓穩(wěn)定性�；诖私Y(jié)論，提出了不同無功補償方式下，為保證湖南電網(wǎng)暫態(tài)電壓穩(wěn)定性所必需的各區(qū)域電源的開機容量比例。對于上述研究結(jié)論，采用簡化后的簡單等值系統(tǒng)給出了合理的機理解釋。 本文的研究工作來源于實際電網(wǎng)的工程性研究課題，其相關(guān)結(jié)果和結(jié)論對于電網(wǎng)規(guī)劃設(shè)計和運行調(diào)度具有工程參考價值。
[Abstract]:Voltage stability is an important aspect of power system stability. The factors affecting voltage stability and the relationship between voltage stability and power angle stability are important theoretical and engineering problems that people have paid close attention to for a long time. These problems also show a very complex correlation relationship, which need to be combined with the specific characteristics of different power systems to carry out a systematic and in-depth study in order to reach a conclusion that is in line with the actual situation of the power grid. In this paper, the voltage stability of power system is studied under the background of Hunan Power Grid, and the influence of reactive power compensation on voltage stability is studied. Hunan Power Grid is located at the end of Central China Power Grid, which is a large receiving system of Central China Power Grid. A large number of simulation analyses show that the voltage stability problem of Hunan power network is prominent in the low water period. In this paper, the classification of power system stability problems and the research status of voltage stability are briefly summarized, and the mathematical model of voltage stability analysis and its main analytical methods are expounded systematically in this paper. The operation characteristics of Hunan power grid in low water supply period are systematically studied in this paper. Based on the analysis of the characteristics of power flow distribution under three load levels in Hunan power grid in high water and small mode, and the transient stability scanning analysis of 500kV trunk network with three phase short circuit at different positions, The main problems of system stability under the condition of Hunan power grid running in small way in high water period are comprehensively grasped. Using static sensitivity and dynamic trajectory sensitivity analysis methods, the distribution of voltage pilot nodes in 220kV and above main network of Hunan power network is studied systematically. The results show that the voltage pilot node is not only the most sensitive node of voltage level to the change of reactive power compensation capacity under normal operation mode, but also the weak node of transient voltage stability. On this basis, the effects of reactive power compensation configuration and system start-up mode on transient voltage stability are systematically studied. The results show that the most sensitive bus with enough shunt capacitor compensation can effectively improve the normal operating voltage level of the system, but it is more likely to lead to transient voltage instability of the system. The use of SVC and other dynamic reactive power compensation capacity configuration can not only meet the requirements of voltage level under normal operation conditions, but also can significantly improve the transient voltage stability level. The start-up mode of the system has a vital effect on the transient voltage stability. Generally speaking, whether the shunt capacitor compensation or the SVC dynamic reactive power compensation is used, The transient voltage stability of the power network can be improved by increasing the proportion of the receiver network. Based on this conclusion, the start-up capacity ratio of power supply in different reactive power compensation modes is proposed to ensure the transient voltage stability of Hunan power network. For the above conclusions, the simplified simple equivalent system is used to give a reasonable explanation of the mechanism. The research work in this paper comes from the engineering research subject of actual power network, and its related results and conclusions have engineering reference value for power network planning, design and operation and dispatching.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM712

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