【摘要】：風(fēng)力發(fā)電作為技術(shù)成熟度最高、應(yīng)用最廣泛的新能源發(fā)電方式,近年來(lái)得到了長(zhǎng)足的發(fā)展。在規(guī)模風(fēng)電并網(wǎng)難、消納難,以及“棄風(fēng)”問題無(wú)法得到有效解決的背景下,建立風(fēng)電集中預(yù)測(cè)、控制與調(diào)度中心,提高大型風(fēng)電基地的可觀測(cè)性與可控性,優(yōu)化利用風(fēng)能資源,是風(fēng)電成為未來(lái)電網(wǎng)優(yōu)質(zhì)電源的必經(jīng)之路。因此,本文基于國(guó)家高技術(shù)研究發(fā)展計(jì)劃(863計(jì)劃)重大項(xiàng)目“風(fēng)電場(chǎng)、光伏電站集群控制系統(tǒng)研究與開發(fā)”,結(jié)合甘肅酒泉地區(qū)風(fēng)電集群運(yùn)行管理的實(shí)際需要,就大規(guī)模風(fēng)電集中并網(wǎng)有功功率協(xié)調(diào)控制問題展開了研究,具有一定的理論意義和應(yīng)用價(jià)值。論文主要工作如下： (1)研究了計(jì)及規(guī)模風(fēng)電的多時(shí)間尺度、分層分區(qū)相協(xié)調(diào)的調(diào)度策略。分析風(fēng)電場(chǎng)的有功控制能力及其集中協(xié)調(diào)控制的必要性與可行性,提出將風(fēng)電集群作為整體納入電網(wǎng)一體化分布協(xié)調(diào)控制,研究規(guī)模風(fēng)電多目標(biāo)、多層級(jí)、多控制對(duì)象的有功功率控制。提出一種基于CPS實(shí)時(shí)指標(biāo)的風(fēng)電集群與常規(guī)電源的協(xié)調(diào)互補(bǔ)控制方法,緩解系統(tǒng)調(diào)峰壓力。 (2)基于分層原則設(shè)計(jì)了風(fēng)電集群有功功率控制系統(tǒng),并給出集群主站與上級(jí)調(diào)度中心、下級(jí)風(fēng)電場(chǎng)子站／分散接入風(fēng)電機(jī)組之間的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化通信點(diǎn)表,實(shí)現(xiàn)風(fēng)電集群自下而上的可觀測(cè),自上而下的主動(dòng)控制,為集群的智能調(diào)度奠定實(shí)施基礎(chǔ)。 (3)為充分利用集群內(nèi)風(fēng)電場(chǎng)的實(shí)時(shí)協(xié)調(diào)能力,實(shí)現(xiàn)科學(xué)合理的容量分配,建立了一種動(dòng)態(tài)優(yōu)先排序法與多目標(biāo)多約束優(yōu)化算法相結(jié)合的風(fēng)電集群有功功率實(shí)時(shí)控制模型。提出風(fēng)電場(chǎng)／分散接入風(fēng)電機(jī)組的動(dòng)態(tài)分類及排序規(guī)則,基于優(yōu)先控制序列和電網(wǎng)調(diào)度要求判定風(fēng)電場(chǎng)實(shí)時(shí)控制模式；以提升風(fēng)電的接納比例、降低集群網(wǎng)損為目標(biāo),建立基于超短期風(fēng)功率預(yù)測(cè)的有功功率分配模型,優(yōu)化風(fēng)電場(chǎng)出力,避免風(fēng)電機(jī)組頻繁啟停,實(shí)現(xiàn)柔性連續(xù)控制。通過實(shí)際風(fēng)電集群系統(tǒng)對(duì)實(shí)時(shí)控制策略進(jìn)行了仿真和測(cè)試,驗(yàn)證了該方法的有效性和可行性。
[Abstract]:Wind power generation, as a new energy generation method with the highest technological maturity and the most extensive application, has been greatly developed in recent years. Under the background that it is difficult for large-scale wind power to be connected to the grid, difficult to absorb, and the problem of "abandoning wind" cannot be effectively solved, the centralized prediction, control and dispatch center of wind power is established to improve the observability and controllability of large wind power base. Optimizing the utilization of wind energy resources is the only way for wind power to become a high quality power supply in the future. Therefore, based on the important project of National High Technology Research and Development Program (863 Program), "Wind farm, research and development of photovoltaic power station cluster control system", combined with the actual needs of wind power cluster operation and management in Jiuquan area, Gansu Province, China. In this paper, the coordinated control of active power in a large scale wind power system is studied, which has certain theoretical significance and application value. The main work of this paper is as follows: (1) the scheduling strategy of multi-time scale, hierarchical and partitioned coordination for wind power generation is studied. This paper analyzes the active power control ability of wind farm and the necessity and feasibility of centralized coordinated control, and puts forward that wind power cluster should be integrated into the integrated distributed coordinated control of power grid, and research on scale wind power multi-objective and multi-level. Active power control of multiple control objects. A coordinated and complementary control method of wind power cluster and conventional power supply based on CPS real-time index is proposed to relieve the peak load of the system. (2) based on the principle of stratification, the active power control system of wind power cluster is designed. The standardized communication point table between the main station of the cluster and the superior dispatching center, the sub-station of the lower wind farm and the decentralized access to the wind turbine is given, which can realize the observation from the bottom up and the active control from the top to the bottom of the wind power cluster. (3) in order to make full use of the real-time coordination ability of the wind farm in the cluster, realize the scientific and reasonable capacity distribution, A real-time control model of active power in wind power cluster is established, which combines dynamic precedence method with multi-objective and multi-constraint optimization algorithm. The dynamic classification and sorting rules of wind farm / decentralized access wind turbine are put forward to determine the real time control mode of wind farm based on priority control sequence and grid dispatching requirements, and the aim is to increase the acceptance ratio of wind power and reduce the cluster network loss. An active power distribution model based on ultra-short-term wind power prediction is established to optimize wind farm output, avoid frequent start and stop of wind turbine, and realize flexible continuous control. The real time control strategy is simulated and tested in the wind power cluster system, and the effectiveness and feasibility of the method are verified.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM614

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