【摘要】：隨著全球人口的增長(zhǎng)、能耗的增加、環(huán)境問(wèn)題的嚴(yán)峻和化石能源的逐步枯竭，可再生能源的開(kāi)發(fā)利用得到越來(lái)越多的關(guān)注。微電網(wǎng)作為一種整合利用分布式電源的有效形式，如何通過(guò)靈活的控制技術(shù)實(shí)現(xiàn)可再生能源的充分利用，提高供電質(zhì)量與可靠性成為研究的熱點(diǎn)。此外，微電網(wǎng)的分布式特性越來(lái)越明顯，滲透率正逐漸提高，在高滲透率情況下如何有效地控制多個(gè)微電網(wǎng)的運(yùn)行成為亟待解決的問(wèn)題。 本文圍繞微網(wǎng)群協(xié)調(diào)控制涉及的發(fā)電單元控制、微電網(wǎng)控制、群級(jí)控制以及控制通信系統(tǒng)模型等幾個(gè)方面展開(kāi)了深入的研究，主要研究成果如下： 1）針對(duì)分布式電源下垂控制中頻率存在偏差的問(wèn)題，提出了基于虛擬頻率的下垂控制方法。該方法給出通過(guò)改變虛擬頻率設(shè)定值來(lái)調(diào)整相角，得到相角下垂控制系數(shù)，實(shí)現(xiàn)了在不改變電源頻率條件下的無(wú)功功率輸出。仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明，與以往下垂控制方法相比基于虛擬頻率的下垂控制方法無(wú)需改變頻率設(shè)定值即可實(shí)現(xiàn)相同功率分配效果。 2）針對(duì)微電網(wǎng)多運(yùn)行狀態(tài)、分布式電源多控制模式的問(wèn)題，建立了基于有限狀態(tài)機(jī)矩陣的狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換模型，，提出了基于有限狀態(tài)機(jī)矩陣的微電網(wǎng)協(xié)調(diào)控制方法。該方法可以實(shí)現(xiàn)微電網(wǎng)全局控制管理，并且在離網(wǎng)獨(dú)立運(yùn)行狀態(tài)下通過(guò)分區(qū)協(xié)調(diào)控制實(shí)現(xiàn)了電壓頻率的二次調(diào)整和功率越限控制。 3）提出了確定微電網(wǎng)在群體中對(duì)外應(yīng)表現(xiàn)的控制特性指標(biāo)及實(shí)現(xiàn)外特性的控制方法，并給出了基于該控制方法的微網(wǎng)群協(xié)調(diào)控制3層體系結(jié)構(gòu)。通過(guò)仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證了評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)及其控制方法的適用性和合理性。 4）在對(duì)微電網(wǎng)功能進(jìn)行全面分解組合的基礎(chǔ)上，建立了IEC61850微電網(wǎng)通信控制信息模型，并給出了基于該信息模型的微網(wǎng)群控制實(shí)現(xiàn)方法。該信息模型為微網(wǎng)群中智能設(shè)備互操作提供了基礎(chǔ)，使得微電網(wǎng)控制方法實(shí)現(xiàn)過(guò)程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化，文中對(duì)典型控制功能的實(shí)現(xiàn)進(jìn)行了驗(yàn)證。
[Abstract]:With the increase of global population, the increase of energy consumption, the severe environmental problems and the gradual depletion of fossil energy, more and more attention has been paid to the development and utilization of renewable energy. As an effective form of integrating and utilizing distributed generation, microgrid has become a hotspot in the research on how to make full use of renewable energy through flexible control technology and improve the quality and reliability of power supply. In addition, the distributed characteristic of microgrid is becoming more and more obvious, and the permeability is increasing gradually. How to effectively control the operation of multiple microgrids under the condition of high permeability becomes an urgent problem to be solved. This paper focuses on the generation unit control, microgrid control, group level control and control communication system model, which are involved in microgrid group coordination control. The main research results are as follows: 1) aiming at the problem of frequency deviation in DG droop control, a droop control method based on virtual frequency is proposed. In this method, the phase angle is adjusted by changing the set value of the virtual frequency, and the sagging control coefficient of the phase angle is obtained, and the reactive power output is realized without changing the frequency of the power supply. The simulation results show that the droop control method based on virtual frequency can achieve the same power distribution effect without changing the frequency setting value compared with the previous droop control methods. In this paper, a state transformation model based on finite state machine matrix is established, and a coordinated control method for microgrid based on finite state machine matrix is proposed. This method can realize the global control management of microgrid. Furthermore, the secondary regulation of voltage frequency and the control of power overrun are realized under the condition of off-grid independent operation. 3) the control characteristic index is proposed to determine the external performance of microgrid in the group. The control method to realize the external characteristic, A 3-layer architecture of micro-grid coordinated control based on this control method is presented. The applicability and rationality of the evaluation index and its control method are verified by simulation experiments. 4) based on the comprehensive decomposition and combination of microgrid functions, the communication control information model of IEC61850 microgrid is established. The realization method of microgrid group control based on the information model is also presented. The information model provides the basis for the intelligent equipment interoperability in the microgrid group, and makes the process of microgrid control method standardized. The realization of typical control functions is verified in this paper.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TM727

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