直流變換器控制方法的研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-31 05:59
【摘要】：該論文中以提高直流變換器的穩(wěn)態(tài)性能和瞬態(tài)響應(yīng)性能以及指導(dǎo)直流變換器的參數(shù)設(shè)計(jì)為目的，設(shè)計(jì)出一種間接電壓前饋型的滯環(huán)控制技術(shù)、增強(qiáng)型的滯環(huán)控制技術(shù)族，研究其動(dòng)力學(xué)行為以及將其運(yùn)用于Buck和Boost電路后進(jìn)行深入研究。論文的研究工作主要分為三部分。第一、二部分研究對(duì)象為Buck變換器，第三部分研究對(duì)象針對(duì)Boost變換器。 第一部分：基于電容充放電特性的滯環(huán)控制策略。 提出了一種帶有間接電壓前饋的滯環(huán)控制方法，該方法控制設(shè)計(jì)簡(jiǎn)單，控制效果優(yōu)良，具有較好的穩(wěn)態(tài)和動(dòng)態(tài)性能，基于電容充放電特性的快速滯環(huán)（Capacitor Charging and Discharging Fast Hysteretic, CCDFH）控制策略控制電路拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單，不需要常規(guī)PWM控制中的誤差放大器和補(bǔ)償網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)計(jì)，減少了器件的使用數(shù)量和補(bǔ)償網(wǎng)絡(luò)的設(shè)計(jì)問題，同時(shí)所提出的CCDFH彌補(bǔ)了滯環(huán)控制的變頻特性，在CCDFH控制中具有保持準(zhǔn)恒頻的輸出效果。給出了CCDFH控制的靜態(tài)和動(dòng)態(tài)特性分析，同時(shí)針對(duì)電路各控制參數(shù)對(duì)穩(wěn)定性的影響給出了定性定量分析。 針對(duì)輸入電壓變化，對(duì)輸出電壓穩(wěn)態(tài)到混沌態(tài)的演化，給出了仿真說(shuō)明和驗(yàn)證，證明了主電路輸入電壓變化可以引起輸出的混沌狀態(tài)。針對(duì)濾波電容取值對(duì)輸出電壓的影響，通過(guò)仿真驗(yàn)證了濾波電容的取值大小可以引起輸出的混沌態(tài)。另外通過(guò)仿真驗(yàn)證了ESR與輸出電壓紋波公式的正確性。推導(dǎo)出了濾波電容ESR臨界值確定的方法，并用仿真和理論分析進(jìn)行了驗(yàn)證，證明了所提出的ESR取值公式的有效性。 第二部分：基于電容充放電特性的變滯環(huán)閾值自適應(yīng)控制策略。 提出了增強(qiáng)型的變滯環(huán)控制、變閾值控制（高閾值或低閾值控制），所提出的控制方法不僅保留了CCDFH控制的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，同時(shí)使得控制效果得以提高，動(dòng)態(tài)響應(yīng)特性得以改善。提出了在輸出負(fù)載或者輸入電壓變動(dòng)時(shí)，利用輸入電壓的直接前饋或間接前饋信息以及與輸出電壓反饋相結(jié)合的復(fù)合前饋滯環(huán)控制方法。該方法結(jié)合了通過(guò)輸入電壓的變化情況來(lái)自動(dòng)調(diào)節(jié)滯環(huán)寬度和利用輸出電壓調(diào)節(jié)電容充放電速率的特性，實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)電容的充放電速率和滯環(huán)寬度的調(diào)節(jié)，帶來(lái)了響應(yīng)速度快和穩(wěn)態(tài)結(jié)果好的效果。而且它只需要一個(gè)滯環(huán)比較器和反饋系數(shù)調(diào)節(jié)電阻，控制電路的器件數(shù)量大大減少，成本和體積均得到了較大改善。由于沒有使用誤差放大器，在消除了補(bǔ)償電路帶來(lái)的相位延遲問題的同時(shí)，有效提高了控制電路的動(dòng)態(tài)特性。 提出了一種帶有間接前饋的自適應(yīng)環(huán)寬控制策略，間接前饋控制環(huán)主要用來(lái)響應(yīng)輸入電壓變化，改變電容充放電速率進(jìn)而改變占空比。反饋控制環(huán)包括兩個(gè)控制環(huán)（Rf環(huán)和k2環(huán)），Rf反饋控制環(huán)通過(guò)輸出電壓的變化來(lái)調(diào)節(jié)電容充放電速率進(jìn)而改變占空比，k2反饋控制環(huán)主要將輸出電壓的變化信息反饋到滯環(huán)閾值中來(lái)，來(lái)快速調(diào)節(jié)占空比，實(shí)現(xiàn)輸出的快速穩(wěn)定響應(yīng)。本滯環(huán)控制中占空比的調(diào)節(jié)主要由電容的充放電和滯環(huán)閾值兩個(gè)因素來(lái)構(gòu)成，本設(shè)計(jì)中的三個(gè)控制環(huán)共同實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)于這兩個(gè)影響因素的有效利用控制，，發(fā)揮了較好的控制效果。 第三部分：運(yùn)用于Boost電路的準(zhǔn)恒頻滯環(huán)控制 針對(duì)Boost控制電路，傳統(tǒng)控制方法難以滿足對(duì)其諸如快速調(diào)節(jié)，良好動(dòng)態(tài)調(diào)節(jié)性能等效果�；诖�，我們提出一種基于電容充放電特性的滯環(huán)控制方法。使用該方法的控制電路不僅所需器件較少，有利于滿足變換器的輕小薄要求，易于集成，功率密度高；而且在動(dòng)態(tài)響應(yīng)特性中，該控制電路在負(fù)載躍升和躍降時(shí)超調(diào)量和收斂時(shí)間均優(yōu)于傳統(tǒng)PWM控制電路。同時(shí)具有較寬的功率輸出范圍，彌補(bǔ)了常規(guī)滯環(huán)控制的變頻問題，具有準(zhǔn)恒頻特性。
[Abstract]:In order to improve the steady-state performance and transient response performance of the DC converter and to guide the parameter design of the DC converter, an indirect voltage feedforward hysteresis loop control technology is designed, and the enhanced hysteresis control technology family is studied, and its dynamic behavior and its application to the Buck and Boost circuits are studied in depth. The research work of this paper is mainly divided into three parts. The first part is the Buck converter, the second part is the Buck converter, and the third part is the Boost converter.
The first part: hysteresis control strategy based on capacitor charging and discharging characteristics.
A hysteresis loop control method with indirect voltage feedforward is proposed. This method has simple control design, good control effect, good steady state and dynamic performance. The fast hysteresis loop (Capacitor Charging and Discharging Fast Hysteretic, CCDFH) control strategy based on capacitance charging and discharging characteristics is simple, and it is not required. The design of error amplifier and compensation network in conventional PWM control reduces the number of devices used and the design of compensation network. At the same time, the proposed CCDFH compensates the frequency conversion characteristic of hysteresis control and has the output effect of keeping the quasi constant frequency in the CCDFH control. The static and dynamic characteristics of the CCDFH control are given, and the electricity is also analyzed. The influence of each control parameter on stability is qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed.
In view of the change of input voltage, the simulation and verification of the output voltage steady to chaotic state are given. It is proved that the input voltage change of the main circuit can cause the chaotic state of the output. The simulation results show that the value of the filter capacitor can cause the chaotic state of the output by simulation of the effect of the value of the filter capacitor on the output voltage. In addition, the correctness of the ESR and the output voltage ripple formula is verified by simulation. The method of determining the critical value of the filter capacitor ESR is derived and verified by simulation and theoretical analysis, and the validity of the proposed ESR value formula is proved.
The second part: a threshold adaptive control strategy based on capacitor charging and discharging characteristics.
An enhanced hysteresis loop control, variable threshold control (high threshold or low threshold control) is proposed. The proposed control method not only preserves the advantages of the CCDFH control, but also improves the control effect and the dynamic response characteristics. The direct feedforward of the input voltage when the output load or the input voltage changes is proposed. The indirect feedforward information and the compound feedforward hysteresis control method combined with the output voltage feedback are combined to adjust the hysteresis width automatically and adjust the charge and discharge rate by using the output voltage through the change of the input voltage, and realize the adjustment of the charging and discharging rate and the hysteresis width of the capacitor, which brings the noise. The effect of fast speed and steady state results is good. Moreover, it only needs a hysteresis comparator and feedback coefficient to adjust the resistance, the number of devices in the control circuit is greatly reduced and the cost and volume are greatly improved. As the error amplifier is not used, the phase delay problem of the compensation circuit is eliminated effectively. Control the dynamic characteristics of the circuit.
An adaptive loop width control strategy with indirect feedforward is proposed. The indirect feedforward control loop is mainly used to respond to the input voltage change, change the charge and discharge rate of the capacitor and change the duty ratio. The feedback control loop includes two control rings (Rf ring and K2 ring), and the Rf feedback control loop passes the change of the output voltage to adjust the charge discharge rate of the capacitor. In order to change the duty cycle, the K2 feedback control loop mainly feedback the change information of the output voltage to the hysteresis threshold to quickly adjust the duty cycle and realize the fast and stable response of the output. The control of the duty cycle in the hysteresis control is mainly composed of two factors, the charge discharge and the hysteresis threshold of the capacitor, and the three control rings in this design together. The effective control of these two factors has been realized and good control effect has been achieved.
The third part: quasi constant frequency hysteresis control applied to Boost circuits.
In view of the Boost control circuit, the traditional control method is difficult to meet the effect of fast adjustment and good dynamic adjustment. Based on this, we propose a hysteresis control method based on the capacitance charge discharge characteristics. The control circuit using this method is not only less needed, but also easy to meet the light and thin requirements of the converter and easy to set. The power density is high, and in the dynamic response characteristic, the control circuit is superior to the traditional PWM control circuit when the load jump and the jump drop. It has a wide power output range, which makes up the frequency conversion problem of conventional hysteresis control, and has the quasi constant frequency characteristic.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海電力學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM46
本文編號(hào)：2154644
[Abstract]:In order to improve the steady-state performance and transient response performance of the DC converter and to guide the parameter design of the DC converter, an indirect voltage feedforward hysteresis loop control technology is designed, and the enhanced hysteresis control technology family is studied, and its dynamic behavior and its application to the Buck and Boost circuits are studied in depth. The research work of this paper is mainly divided into three parts. The first part is the Buck converter, the second part is the Buck converter, and the third part is the Boost converter.
The first part: hysteresis control strategy based on capacitor charging and discharging characteristics.
A hysteresis loop control method with indirect voltage feedforward is proposed. This method has simple control design, good control effect, good steady state and dynamic performance. The fast hysteresis loop (Capacitor Charging and Discharging Fast Hysteretic, CCDFH) control strategy based on capacitance charging and discharging characteristics is simple, and it is not required. The design of error amplifier and compensation network in conventional PWM control reduces the number of devices used and the design of compensation network. At the same time, the proposed CCDFH compensates the frequency conversion characteristic of hysteresis control and has the output effect of keeping the quasi constant frequency in the CCDFH control. The static and dynamic characteristics of the CCDFH control are given, and the electricity is also analyzed. The influence of each control parameter on stability is qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed.
In view of the change of input voltage, the simulation and verification of the output voltage steady to chaotic state are given. It is proved that the input voltage change of the main circuit can cause the chaotic state of the output. The simulation results show that the value of the filter capacitor can cause the chaotic state of the output by simulation of the effect of the value of the filter capacitor on the output voltage. In addition, the correctness of the ESR and the output voltage ripple formula is verified by simulation. The method of determining the critical value of the filter capacitor ESR is derived and verified by simulation and theoretical analysis, and the validity of the proposed ESR value formula is proved.
The second part: a threshold adaptive control strategy based on capacitor charging and discharging characteristics.
An enhanced hysteresis loop control, variable threshold control (high threshold or low threshold control) is proposed. The proposed control method not only preserves the advantages of the CCDFH control, but also improves the control effect and the dynamic response characteristics. The direct feedforward of the input voltage when the output load or the input voltage changes is proposed. The indirect feedforward information and the compound feedforward hysteresis control method combined with the output voltage feedback are combined to adjust the hysteresis width automatically and adjust the charge and discharge rate by using the output voltage through the change of the input voltage, and realize the adjustment of the charging and discharging rate and the hysteresis width of the capacitor, which brings the noise. The effect of fast speed and steady state results is good. Moreover, it only needs a hysteresis comparator and feedback coefficient to adjust the resistance, the number of devices in the control circuit is greatly reduced and the cost and volume are greatly improved. As the error amplifier is not used, the phase delay problem of the compensation circuit is eliminated effectively. Control the dynamic characteristics of the circuit.
An adaptive loop width control strategy with indirect feedforward is proposed. The indirect feedforward control loop is mainly used to respond to the input voltage change, change the charge and discharge rate of the capacitor and change the duty ratio. The feedback control loop includes two control rings (Rf ring and K2 ring), and the Rf feedback control loop passes the change of the output voltage to adjust the charge discharge rate of the capacitor. In order to change the duty cycle, the K2 feedback control loop mainly feedback the change information of the output voltage to the hysteresis threshold to quickly adjust the duty cycle and realize the fast and stable response of the output. The control of the duty cycle in the hysteresis control is mainly composed of two factors, the charge discharge and the hysteresis threshold of the capacitor, and the three control rings in this design together. The effective control of these two factors has been realized and good control effect has been achieved.
The third part: quasi constant frequency hysteresis control applied to Boost circuits.
In view of the Boost control circuit, the traditional control method is difficult to meet the effect of fast adjustment and good dynamic adjustment. Based on this, we propose a hysteresis control method based on the capacitance charge discharge characteristics. The control circuit using this method is not only less needed, but also easy to meet the light and thin requirements of the converter and easy to set. The power density is high, and in the dynamic response characteristic, the control circuit is superior to the traditional PWM control circuit when the load jump and the jump drop. It has a wide power output range, which makes up the frequency conversion problem of conventional hysteresis control, and has the quasi constant frequency characteristic.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海電力學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM46
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