【摘要】：矢量控制技術(shù)的出現(xiàn),徹底打破了直流調(diào)速在變速系統(tǒng)領(lǐng)域的壟斷局面,使交流調(diào)速開(kāi)始得到快速發(fā)展,其中異步電機(jī)以其制造簡(jiǎn)單、成本低、可靠性高等優(yōu)勢(shì)越來(lái)越廣泛的應(yīng)用于工、農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)以及社會(huì)生活中。無(wú)速度傳感器控制以其成本低、可靠性高等優(yōu)勢(shì)成為了工業(yè)應(yīng)用和學(xué)術(shù)研究的熱點(diǎn)。本文對(duì)異步電機(jī)基于定子磁場(chǎng)定向的矢量控制技術(shù)和無(wú)速度傳感器控制中的磁鏈、速度觀測(cè)技術(shù)進(jìn)行了相關(guān)研究。建立了基于定子磁場(chǎng)定向的感應(yīng)電機(jī)矢量控制結(jié)構(gòu),并著重對(duì)電壓型觀測(cè)器進(jìn)行了分析研究。 首先,通過(guò)對(duì)電機(jī)數(shù)學(xué)模型的研究和分析,建立了基于定子磁場(chǎng)定向的動(dòng)態(tài)電機(jī)模型,對(duì)定子磁場(chǎng)定向下的控制環(huán)進(jìn)行了解耦分析與設(shè)計(jì),得到了對(duì)應(yīng)的異步電機(jī)矢量控制系統(tǒng)模型。建立了基于Matlab/Simulink模塊的仿真平臺(tái)和基于dSPACE控制系統(tǒng)的實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺(tái),在仿真平臺(tái)和實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺(tái)上對(duì)所設(shè)計(jì)的控制環(huán)進(jìn)行了驗(yàn)證,確定了控制環(huán)參數(shù),為以后的研究奠定基礎(chǔ)。 其次,研究了一種具有較好低速性能的電壓型磁鏈觀測(cè)器—Holtz型磁鏈觀測(cè)器。基于線性化理論建立了該觀測(cè)器的小信號(hào)模型,得出了觀測(cè)器反饋系數(shù)與動(dòng)態(tài)響應(yīng)之間的關(guān)系。進(jìn)一步分析了觀測(cè)器輸入存在誤差的情況下,反饋系數(shù)對(duì)磁鏈觀測(cè)結(jié)果的影響�；趯�(duì)綜合性能的分析,提出了一種跟隨同步角頻率變化的自適應(yīng)反饋系數(shù)設(shè)計(jì)方法,并進(jìn)行了大量的仿真和實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證,證明應(yīng)用該自適應(yīng)反饋系數(shù)設(shè)計(jì)方法,觀測(cè)器在高速和低速下均能獲得良好的動(dòng)態(tài)和穩(wěn)態(tài)性能。 最后,基于設(shè)計(jì)的電壓型觀測(cè)器,建立了定子磁場(chǎng)定向下的異步電機(jī)無(wú)速度傳感器矢量控制系統(tǒng)。進(jìn)一步對(duì)該觀測(cè)器的參數(shù)敏感性進(jìn)行了分析,并通過(guò)仿真和實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺(tái)進(jìn)行了驗(yàn)證,得到了磁鏈觀測(cè)只與定子電阻相關(guān)、速度觀測(cè)受勵(lì)磁電感變化的影響非常小的結(jié)論。
[Abstract]:The emergence of vector control technology has completely broken the monopoly of DC speed regulation in the field of speed change system, and made the AC speed regulation begin to develop rapidly, among which the asynchronous motor is easy to manufacture and low in cost. High reliability advantages are more and more widely used in industrial, agricultural production and social life. Speed sensorless control has become the focus of industrial application and academic research because of its advantages of low cost and high reliability. In this paper, the vector control technology of induction motor based on stator flux orientation and flux linkage and velocity observation technology in sensorless control are studied. The vector control structure of induction motor based on stator flux orientation is established, and the voltage source observer is analyzed. Firstly, through the research and analysis of the mathematical model of the motor, the dynamic motor model based on the stator flux orientation is established, and the decoupling analysis and design of the control loop under the stator flux orientation are carried out. The corresponding vector control system model of asynchronous motor is obtained. The simulation platform based on Matlab / Simulink module and the experimental platform based on DSpace control system are established. The designed control loop is verified on the simulation platform and experimental platform, and the parameters of the control loop are determined, which lays a foundation for future research. Secondly, a voltage type flux observer-Holtz flux observer with good low speed performance is studied. Based on the linearization theory, the small signal model of the observer is established, and the relationship between the feedback coefficient and the dynamic response of the observer is obtained. Furthermore, the effect of feedback coefficient on the flux observation results is analyzed when the observer input error exists. Based on the analysis of the comprehensive performance, an adaptive feedback coefficient design method with synchronous angular frequency variation is proposed, and a large number of simulations and experiments are carried out to verify the application of the adaptive feedback coefficient design method. The observer can obtain good dynamic and steady performance at both high speed and low speed. Finally, a speed sensorless vector control system for induction motor based on the designed voltage source observer is established. The parameter sensitivity of the observer is further analyzed and verified by simulation and experiment platform. It is concluded that the flux observation is only related to the stator resistance and the velocity observation is very little affected by the change of excitation inductance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM343

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