【摘要】：隨著世界各國對環(huán)境保護的逐步重視，綠色健康的生活理念越來越被當今都市人所推崇，以石油為主的不可再生能源的短缺問題的不斷凸顯和環(huán)境的不斷惡化，直接推動了擁有節(jié)能和環(huán)保兩大優(yōu)勢的電動汽車迅速發(fā)展。動力鋰電池作為現階段電動汽車動力電池中的主要成員，對其充電技術的研究意義重大。 文章首先概述了現階段各國電動汽車產業(yè)的發(fā)展狀況，，列舉了動力鋰電池在技術上存在的主要問題，確定充電技術作為本文的主要研究內容。然后分析了動力鋰電池工作原理、充放電特性、最佳充電曲線和電池極化現象，為后續(xù)充電技術的研究打下基礎。接著對鋰電池的充電方法進行研究，在傳統(tǒng)的四種充電方法的基礎上提出一種變電流快速充電方法，其主要分為小電流涓流充電、分段恒流充電和脈沖充電三個階段。其中分段恒流充電階段，采用容量控制法對電池充電電流進行控制，使其不斷接近電池最佳充電曲線。在脈沖充電階段，設計一種電壓負增長率控制方法對電池的滿充狀態(tài)進行準確的控制。同時在Matlab/Simulnik軟件平臺上構造鋰電池的PNGV等效模型，設計鋰電池充電電路，對于變電流快速充電進行仿真，將仿真結果與傳統(tǒng)的充電方法進行比較，以驗證變電流快速充電方法的優(yōu)越性。接著對于電池組均衡控制進行分析，提出了一種變電阻均衡控制技術，采用數字編碼方法設計數字可變電阻器，在Matlab/Simulnik軟件中構建可變電阻模型，采用S函數編寫均衡控制程序，對于六塊初始電壓不同的單體鋰電池進行均衡控制，使電池電壓達到一致，通過仿真驗證了變電阻均衡控制的可行性。 隨后，選用美國ATMEL公司生產的一款控制芯片搭建鋰電池的智能充電實驗平臺，以2200mAh聚合物動力鋰離子電池作為研究對象，對于本文研究的變電流快速充電、變電阻均衡控制和電壓負增長率控制方法進行實驗驗證。記錄了充電數據，驗證這些方法的可行性，基本上達到了研究的預期目標。最后對于本文的研究內容進行總結，對未來研究技術進行展望。
[Abstract]:With the gradual attention of the world to the environmental protection, the concept of green and healthy life is more and more respected by the urban people nowadays. The shortage of non-renewable energy, which is mainly oil, is becoming increasingly prominent and the environment is getting worse and worse. Directly promoted the energy-saving and environmental protection of the two major advantages of the rapid development of electric vehicles. As the main member of electric vehicle power battery, the research of power lithium battery charging technology is of great significance. This paper first summarizes the current development of electric vehicle industry in various countries, lists the main technical problems of power lithium battery, and determines charging technology as the main research content of this paper. Then, the working principle, charge-discharge characteristics, optimal charging curve and polarization phenomena of the battery are analyzed, which lays a foundation for the research of the subsequent charging technology. Then the charging method of lithium battery is studied. Based on the traditional four charging methods, a variable current fast charging method is proposed, which is mainly divided into three stages: small current charging, segmented constant current charging and pulse charging. In the stage of subsection constant current charging, the capacity control method is used to control the charging current of the battery, which makes it close to the optimal charging curve of the battery. In the pulse charging stage, a negative voltage growth control method is designed to accurately control the full charge state of the battery. At the same time, the PNGV equivalent model of lithium battery is constructed on Matlab / Simulnik software platform, the charging circuit of lithium battery is designed, and the variable current rapid charging is simulated. The simulation results are compared with the traditional charging method. In order to verify the advantages of variable current fast charging method. Then, the equalization control of battery pack is analyzed, and a variable resistor equalization control technique is proposed. The digital variable resistor is designed by digital coding method. The variable resistance model is constructed in Matlab / Simulnik software, and the equalization control program is written by S function. Six lithium batteries with different initial voltage are equalized to achieve the same voltage. The feasibility of variable resistance equalization control is verified by simulation. Subsequently, a control chip produced by Atmel Corporation was selected to build an intelligent charging experimental platform for lithium battery. The 2200mAh polymer powered lithium ion battery was used as the research object, and the variable current rapid charging was studied in this paper. The methods of variable resistance equalization control and negative voltage growth rate control are verified experimentally. The charging data are recorded, and the feasibility of these methods is verified. Finally, the research content of this paper is summarized, and the future research technology is prospected.
【學位授予單位】：太原科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM912

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