【摘要】：近年來,隨著風(fēng)能被越來越多地開發(fā)利用,海上風(fēng)力發(fā)電進(jìn)入了快速發(fā)展時期。與陸地風(fēng)力發(fā)電不同,海上風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)會受到風(fēng)荷載、波浪荷載、海流荷載、海冰荷載和潮汐等作用,有時還會受到地震荷載的威脅,因此,海上風(fēng)機(jī)所處的環(huán)境更為惡劣。地震活躍地區(qū)的海上風(fēng)機(jī)很有可能受到強(qiáng)震和中等強(qiáng)度波浪的聯(lián)合作用,目前,針對海上風(fēng)電機(jī)在波浪和地震聯(lián)合作用下結(jié)構(gòu)響應(yīng)的研究很少,基于實(shí)驗(yàn)室的模型試驗(yàn)研究更幾乎沒有。本文以NREL-5MW近海單樁風(fēng)機(jī)為原型,進(jìn)行了以下理論分析和試驗(yàn)研究：(1)敘述了單自由度系統(tǒng)、多自由度系統(tǒng)的地震響應(yīng)理論,并詳細(xì)介紹了地震工程反應(yīng)譜法和時域數(shù)值積分方法,為研究海上風(fēng)機(jī)地震響應(yīng)提供理論依據(jù)。(2)介紹了海洋工程領(lǐng)域常用的波浪理論及各自適用范圍；基于莫里森公式,介紹了小尺度結(jié)構(gòu)物波浪力的計算方法,為海上風(fēng)機(jī)在波浪作用下的動力分析提供理論基礎(chǔ)；同時,針對剛性和柔性小尺度結(jié)構(gòu)物,建立了其在波浪和地震聯(lián)合作用下的運(yùn)動方程,研究了兩者的聯(lián)合作用機(jī)理。(3)研究了在結(jié)構(gòu)動力模型試驗(yàn)中常用的相似理論,并利用幾何相似理論和彈性力-重力相似理論,設(shè)計制造了NREL-5MW近海單樁風(fēng)機(jī)1：30縮尺模型,根據(jù)強(qiáng)震和中等海況的原則選取試驗(yàn)工況組合,進(jìn)行了近海單樁風(fēng)機(jī)在地震、波浪及二者聯(lián)合作用下結(jié)構(gòu)動力響應(yīng)的模型試驗(yàn),并采集加速度、位移和應(yīng)力數(shù)據(jù)。(4)重點(diǎn)研究了強(qiáng)震、中等強(qiáng)度波浪及其聯(lián)合作用下的加速度響應(yīng),基于反應(yīng)譜理論研究了結(jié)構(gòu)在不同激勵下的動力放大特性。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,由于波浪和地震之間存在耦合作用,兩者聯(lián)合作用時的結(jié)構(gòu)響應(yīng)并不等同于兩者分別單獨(dú)作用時的線性疊加：考慮波浪和地震的聯(lián)合作用對于正確估計結(jié)構(gòu)響應(yīng)是非常重要的,進(jìn)行地震分析時忽略波浪的影響,結(jié)構(gòu)響應(yīng)將偏于非保守。(5)作為對模型試驗(yàn)結(jié)果的驗(yàn)證和補(bǔ)充,本文基于ANSYS有限元分析軟件建立了近海單樁風(fēng)機(jī)數(shù)值模型,并對其進(jìn)行了在波浪、地震及其聯(lián)合作用時的動力分析,與模型試驗(yàn)結(jié)果進(jìn)行對比。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the development and utilization of wind energy, offshore wind power generation has entered a period of rapid development. Different from terrestrial wind power generation, offshore wind turbines are subjected to wind load, wave load, current load, sea ice load and tide, and sometimes to seismic load, so the environment of offshore wind turbine is even worse. Offshore fans in seismically active areas are likely to be subjected to the combined action of strong and medium intensity waves. At present, there is little research on the structural response of offshore wind motors under the combined action of waves and earthquakes. Laboratory-based model test studies are almost non-existent. Taking NREL-5MW offshore single pile fan as prototype, the following theoretical analysis and experimental research are carried out: (1) the seismic response theory of single-degree of freedom system and multi-degree of freedom system is described. The seismic engineering response spectrum method and time-domain numerical integration method are introduced in detail, which provides a theoretical basis for the study of seismic response of offshore fans. (2) the wave theory commonly used in the field of marine engineering and their respective application ranges are introduced, based on Morrison formula, The calculation method of wave force for small scale structures is introduced, which provides a theoretical basis for the dynamic analysis of offshore fans under the action of waves, at the same time, for rigid and flexible small scale structures, The equation of motion under the combined action of wave and earthquake is established, and the mechanism of the joint action is studied. (3) the similarity theory commonly used in the structural dynamic model test is studied, and the geometric similarity theory and the elastic force-gravity similarity theory are used. The 1:30 scale model of NREL-5MW offshore single pile fan is designed and manufactured. According to the principle of strong earthquake and medium sea condition, the model test of structural dynamic response of offshore single pile fan under the action of earthquake, wave and the combination of them is carried out according to the principle of strong earthquake and medium sea condition. The acceleration, displacement and stress data are collected. (4) the acceleration response of strong and medium intensity waves and their combined actions are studied. The dynamic amplification characteristics of structures under different excitations are studied based on the response spectrum theory. The experimental results show that due to the coupling between waves and earthquakes, The structural response under the combined action is not equal to the linear superposition when the two act separately. It is very important to consider the combined action of wave and earthquake to estimate the structural response correctly, and the influence of wave is ignored in seismic analysis. The structural response will be unconservative. (5) in order to verify and supplement the results of the model test, the numerical model of offshore single-pile fan is established based on ANSYS finite element analysis software, and the wave is carried out. The dynamic analysis of the earthquake and its combined action is compared with the results of the model test.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TU311.3;TM315

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前3條

1 李洪斌;榮維棟;王n\;孫紅;;小尺度樁柱與波浪相對運(yùn)動對結(jié)構(gòu)響應(yīng)的影響研究[J];武漢理工大學(xué)學(xué)報(交通科學(xué)與工程版);2015年01期

2 遲世春,林少書;結(jié)構(gòu)動力模型試驗(yàn)相似理論及其驗(yàn)證[J];世界地震工程;2004年04期

3 袁衛(wèi)國;劉沐宇;;波浪和地震作用下的跨海大橋橋墩荷載效應(yīng)分析[J];武漢理工大學(xué)學(xué)報;2013年12期

，

本文編號：2124549