【摘要】：配電網(wǎng)是電力系統(tǒng)中直接與用戶(hù)連接的部分，承擔(dān)著向用戶(hù)提供穩(wěn)定、可靠、優(yōu)質(zhì)電能的重大責(zé)任。據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)，電力系統(tǒng)中80%的用戶(hù)停電事件是由配電網(wǎng)故障引起的，這些突發(fā)的停電事件給國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)和人民生活帶來(lái)了重大損失。因此，加強(qiáng)對(duì)配電網(wǎng)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估和管理，努力提高供電連續(xù)性和供電質(zhì)量在我國(guó)是一項(xiàng)嚴(yán)峻而富有重要意義的工作。隨著智能電網(wǎng)的發(fā)展，分布式發(fā)電技術(shù)的引入一方面縮短故障后配電網(wǎng)恢復(fù)對(duì)負(fù)荷供電的時(shí)間，減少停電損失；另一方面配電網(wǎng)結(jié)構(gòu)的改變和分布式電源輸出的間歇性和隨機(jī)性，又使得配電網(wǎng)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析模型和評(píng)估方法發(fā)生了重大改變。本文針對(duì)含分布式電源的配電網(wǎng)停電風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估方法及停電風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制方法進(jìn)行研究，主要工作如下： ①針對(duì)分布式電源接入配電網(wǎng)后對(duì)配電網(wǎng)故障期間運(yùn)行方式的影響，提出在傳統(tǒng)配電網(wǎng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估流程中加入孤島劃分，，并且為了減少孤島劃分的計(jì)算時(shí)間、提高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估的評(píng)估速度，通過(guò)定義負(fù)荷點(diǎn)的貢獻(xiàn)度與消耗度兩個(gè)孤島劃分參量，削弱了孤島劃分算法中負(fù)荷點(diǎn)接線結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)算法快速性的影響，以此提出了一種既滿(mǎn)足評(píng)估精度、又能有效減少孤島算法時(shí)間的快速孤島劃分方法。 ②針對(duì)含分布式電源的配電網(wǎng)停電風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估對(duì)計(jì)算快速性要求的提升，在總結(jié)了現(xiàn)今常用的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估方法的基礎(chǔ)上，本文提出采用方差更小、收斂更快的拉丁超立方分布-蒙特卡羅抽樣方法對(duì)系統(tǒng)狀態(tài)進(jìn)行抽樣，通過(guò)對(duì)配電網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)變量實(shí)施分區(qū)、抽樣、排序的方式得到用于停電風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估的系統(tǒng)狀態(tài)；并且從供電充裕性角度建立了配電網(wǎng)停電風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的指標(biāo)體系，以此制定了相應(yīng)的停電風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。 ③針對(duì)傳統(tǒng)配電網(wǎng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)研究的對(duì)象只僅僅是對(duì)配電網(wǎng)的識(shí)別和估測(cè)，而缺乏相應(yīng)的以降低配電網(wǎng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)為目的的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制方法研究的問(wèn)題，本文提出了基于改進(jìn)遺傳算法的含DG配電網(wǎng)停電風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制策略，該策略能夠在識(shí)別出配電網(wǎng)潛在的停電風(fēng)險(xiǎn)后通過(guò)線路維修與更換決策的優(yōu)化提供綜合效益最優(yōu)的配電網(wǎng)停電風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制方案。本文分析了基于線路維修與更換的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制經(jīng)濟(jì)性指標(biāo)，建立了含DG配電網(wǎng)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制模型；利用基于小生境技術(shù)的自適應(yīng)遺傳算法對(duì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制模型進(jìn)行求解。
[Abstract]:Distribution network is a part of power system which is connected with customers directly. It bears the great responsibility of providing stable, reliable and high quality electric energy to users. According to statistics, 80% of the power system power outages are caused by distribution network failures, these sudden power outages have brought great losses to the national economy and people's lives. Therefore, strengthening the risk assessment and management of distribution network and striving to improve the continuity and quality of power supply is a serious and important work in China. With the development of smart grid, the introduction of distributed generation technology on the one hand shortens the time of restoration of distribution network to load after failure, and reduces the loss of power cut. On the other hand, the change of distribution network structure and the intermittent and randomness of distributed generation output make the risk analysis model and evaluation method of distribution network changed greatly. In this paper, the risk assessment method of distribution network blackout and the control method of power outage risk are studied. The main work is as follows: 1 in view of the influence of distributed generation on the operation mode of distribution network during the fault period, the paper proposes to add islanding into the traditional distribution network risk assessment process. In order to reduce the calculation time of islanding and improve the evaluation speed of risk assessment, two islanding parameters are defined by defining the contribution degree and consumption degree of load point. The influence of load point connection structure on the algorithm's rapidity is weakened in the islanding algorithm, and a new method is proposed to satisfy the accuracy of evaluation. The fast islanding method can effectively reduce the time of islanding algorithm. (2) aiming at the improvement of the calculation speed of power outage risk assessment in distribution network with distributed generation, this paper summarizes the commonly used risk assessment methods. In this paper, a Latin hypercube distribution-Monte Carlo sampling method with smaller variance and faster convergence is proposed to sample the system state. The system state of power failure risk assessment is obtained by ranking method, and the index system of distribution network blackout risk is established from the point of view of power supply adequacy. Based on this, the corresponding evaluation criteria of blackout risk are established. 3 the research object of traditional distribution network risk research is only the identification and estimation of distribution network. However, there is no corresponding risk control method to reduce the risk of distribution network. In this paper, an improved genetic algorithm is proposed to control the risk of power failure in distribution network with DG. After identifying the potential blackout risk of distribution network, the strategy can provide the optimal control scheme of power outage risk through the optimization of line maintenance and replacement decision. In this paper, the economic index of risk control based on line maintenance and replacement is analyzed, and the risk control model with DG distribution network is established, and the adaptive genetic algorithm based on niche technology is used to solve the risk control model.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TM732

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