發(fā)布時間：2018-07-02 14:27

  本文選題：染料敏化太陽能電池 + 光陽極　； 參考：《沈陽建筑大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著能源危機的日趨嚴峻,太陽能作為一種清潔無污染、取之不盡、用之不竭的綠色能源而引起人們更多關(guān)注。有效利用太陽能的有效途徑便是制作太陽能電池,將光能轉(zhuǎn)換成電能。其中,染料敏化太陽能電池因其制備工藝簡單、生產(chǎn)成本低等優(yōu)點,吸引了國內(nèi)外研究者的研究興趣。因此作為染料敏化太陽能電池重要組成部分的TiO2薄膜電極已經(jīng)引起科研工作者的廣泛關(guān)注。但TiO2薄膜電極在制備過程中受影響的因素較多,在影響薄膜性能參數(shù)的因素間沒有最優(yōu)匹配以及對太陽能的利用率較低等問題。因此,本文為解決上述不足之處,主要在如下兩個方面進行了研究。首先,針對TiO2薄膜電極在制備過程中受影響的因素較多,包括溶劑、成膜劑、表面活性劑及雙層光陽極中各層含TiO2量的不同等因素,而在影響薄膜性能參數(shù)的因素間沒有最優(yōu)匹配的問題,在制備薄膜的過程中通過正交試驗優(yōu)化出了最佳工藝。然后通過紫外-可見光譜檢測了各組薄膜的染料吸附量,并結(jié)合Ⅰ-Ⅴ曲線測試系統(tǒng)檢測各組薄膜電池的光電轉(zhuǎn)換效率。研究結(jié)果表明,通過正交實驗獲得了具有較高光電性能的電池,光電轉(zhuǎn)換效率為6.55%,短路電流密度24.24mA/cm2,填充因子為34.56%。并確定了制備具有最高光電轉(zhuǎn)換效率的TiO2薄膜電池,即以異丙醇為溶劑制備的具有雙層光陽極薄膜的電池,其中,采用聚乙烯吡咯烷酮為成膜劑,十六烷基三甲基氯化銨為表面活性劑,且下層含P25的質(zhì)量為上層含大顆粒TiO2質(zhì)量的2倍。其次,針對TiO2帶隙寬,只能吸收波長較短的紫外光,使得其有效利用太陽能的效率較低的問題,在制備TiO2的過程中,摻雜Mg、N、F,并通過正交試驗優(yōu)化出了最優(yōu)工藝,即TiO2薄膜三元摻雜制備過程中所考慮的實驗條件為：加入1.5%的Mg(NO3)2,按照n(F):n(Ti)=1:50的摩爾比在馬弗爐中于500℃煅燒2h。然后通過X射線衍射(XRD),掃描電鏡(SEM),紫外可見光譜(UV-Vis)等手段對摻雜后的樣品進行了分析和表征。研究結(jié)果表明：Mg-TiO2薄膜電極的吸收值最大達到1.833,比沒有摻雜TiO2電極提高了0.15；在紫外和可見光范圍內(nèi),F-N-TiO2對光的吸收邊明顯大于未摻雜的TiO2對光的吸收邊,F-N-TiO2電極光吸收邊的起始位置較TiO2紅移約20nm。三元摻雜后的薄膜電池光電轉(zhuǎn)換效率最大。三元摻雜的薄膜綜合了Mg摻雜與N-F摻雜的優(yōu)點。
[Abstract]:With the increasingly severe energy crisis solar energy as a clean pollution-free inexhaustible green energy has attracted more attention. The effective way to make effective use of solar energy is to make solar cells and convert light energy into electric energy. Among them, dye-sensitized solar cells attract the research interest of researchers at home and abroad because of its simple preparation process and low production cost. Therefore, as an important component of dye-sensitized solar cells, TiO2 thin-film electrode has attracted wide attention of researchers. However, there are many factors affecting the preparation of TiO2 thin film electrode, there is no optimal matching between the factors affecting the film performance parameters and the utilization rate of solar energy is low. Therefore, in order to solve the above deficiencies, this paper mainly in the following two aspects. First of all, there are many factors that affect the preparation of TiO2 thin film electrode, including solvent, film forming agent, surfactant and different factors of TIO _ 2 content in each layer of double-layer photoanode. However, there is no optimal matching between the factors that affect the performance parameters of the films, and the optimal process is optimized by orthogonal test during the preparation of the films. Then, the dye adsorption capacity of each group of thin films was measured by UV-Vis spectrum, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of each group of thin film cells was measured by using the I-V curve measurement system. The results show that the cell with high photoelectric performance is obtained by orthogonal experiment. The photoelectric conversion efficiency is 6.55, the short-circuit current density is 24.24 Ma / cm ~ 2, and the filling factor is 34.56. The TIO _ 2 thin film cell with the highest photoelectric conversion efficiency was prepared, that is, the cell with double-layer photoanode film prepared with isopropanol as solvent, in which polyvinylpyrrolidone was used as the film forming agent. Cetyltrimethylammonium chloride was used as surfactant, and the mass of P25 in the lower layer was 2 times of that in the upper layer containing large particle TiO2. Secondly, aiming at the problem that the band gap of TiO2 can only absorb the ultraviolet light with shorter wavelength, the efficiency of solar energy utilization is low. In the process of preparing TiO2, the MgN FU is doped, and the optimum process is optimized by orthogonal test. The experimental conditions are as follows: 1.5% mg (no _ 3) _ 2 is added, and the molar ratio of n (F): n (Ti) 1: 50 is calcined at 500 鈩，

本文編號：2090412