本文選題：風(fēng)電機(jī)組 + 狀態(tài)監(jiān)測(cè)與故障診斷　； 參考：《山西大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：風(fēng)力發(fā)電近年來(lái)在全球發(fā)展十分迅猛,總裝機(jī)容量連年刷新紀(jì)錄。在全球風(fēng)電大發(fā)展的同時(shí),產(chǎn)生了一系列亟待解決的問(wèn)題。由于風(fēng)電機(jī)組長(zhǎng)期工作在條件惡劣的環(huán)境中,氣溫變化大,風(fēng)沙、風(fēng)速、載荷變化隨機(jī)、不確定等因素導(dǎo)致機(jī)組各部件故障頻發(fā),加之機(jī)組分布分散,難以及時(shí)有效的發(fā)現(xiàn)故障,并且發(fā)生故障時(shí),維護(hù)和檢修困難,停機(jī)時(shí)間長(zhǎng),嚴(yán)重影響了風(fēng)電的經(jīng)濟(jì)性。因此,開(kāi)展風(fēng)電機(jī)組的狀態(tài)監(jiān)控與故障診斷研究,對(duì)于提高風(fēng)電運(yùn)營(yíng)的可靠性、安全性和經(jīng)濟(jì)性有著重大且長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。本文從風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)組狀態(tài)監(jiān)測(cè)的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)際需求出發(fā),通過(guò)對(duì)山西某集團(tuán)公司的3MW風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)組進(jìn)行實(shí)際調(diào)研,針對(duì)風(fēng)機(jī)傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的主要故障類型和特點(diǎn),自主設(shè)計(jì)研發(fā)了風(fēng)電機(jī)組傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)故障模擬實(shí)驗(yàn)臺(tái)。在實(shí)驗(yàn)臺(tái)的硬件基礎(chǔ)條件上,創(chuàng)新故障診斷方法,針對(duì)風(fēng)電機(jī)組傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的故障振動(dòng)信號(hào)所具有的非平穩(wěn)、非線性以及復(fù)雜的調(diào)制成分的特點(diǎn),提出了消除了頻帶錯(cuò)亂缺陷、分解更精細(xì)、分辨率更佳的改進(jìn)型節(jié)點(diǎn)重構(gòu)小波包算法結(jié)合包絡(luò)譜的故障診斷新方法。針對(duì)風(fēng)電機(jī)組傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的早期故障振動(dòng)信號(hào)的時(shí)變微弱性以及故障與征兆的非線性映射導(dǎo)致的故障識(shí)別困難問(wèn)題提出了改進(jìn)型的節(jié)點(diǎn)重構(gòu)小波包聯(lián)合PNN(概率神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò))的故障診斷新方法。通過(guò)采用實(shí)驗(yàn)臺(tái)的實(shí)際數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)提出的兩種故障診斷新方法進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證,證實(shí)了方法的可行性和準(zhǔn)確性,為今后更加深入進(jìn)行風(fēng)電機(jī)組的狀態(tài)監(jiān)測(cè)和故障診斷研究提供了有利的工具和技術(shù)支持。本文還完成了風(fēng)電機(jī)組狀態(tài)監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)的傳感器的選型、監(jiān)測(cè)點(diǎn)的確定以及系統(tǒng)的研究設(shè)計(jì)工作和現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的測(cè)試工作。參與研發(fā)的數(shù)據(jù)采集分析儀具有多通道的振動(dòng)、轉(zhuǎn)速等信號(hào)的高速、同步、實(shí)時(shí)采集與故障分析診斷功能和遠(yuǎn)程數(shù)據(jù)傳輸功能等創(chuàng)新性設(shè)計(jì)。自主設(shè)計(jì)的監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)界面充分考慮了現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的實(shí)際需求,不僅具有對(duì)風(fēng)機(jī)和風(fēng)機(jī)具體故障所屬部位提供實(shí)時(shí)故障報(bào)警和給現(xiàn)場(chǎng)工作人員提供指導(dǎo)建議的功能,還具有對(duì)單臺(tái)或多臺(tái)風(fēng)機(jī)監(jiān)測(cè)部位的監(jiān)測(cè)指標(biāo)進(jìn)行單圖或多圖的曲線顯示的功能,方便現(xiàn)場(chǎng)人員進(jìn)行對(duì)比確定故障。
[Abstract]:Wind power generation has been developing rapidly in the world in recent years, with the total installed capacity breaking the record year after year. With the great development of global wind power, a series of problems need to be solved. Because the wind turbine works in the harsh environment for a long time, the factors such as large temperature change, wind sand, wind speed, random load change, uncertainty and other factors lead to the frequent failure of the unit components, and the distribution of the unit is scattered. It is difficult to find fault in time and effectively, and when failure occurs, maintenance and maintenance are difficult, and the downtime is long, which seriously affects the economy of wind power. Therefore, the research on condition monitoring and fault diagnosis of wind turbine is of great and long-term practical significance for improving the reliability, safety and economy of wind power operation. In this paper, according to the actual demand of wind turbine condition monitoring, through the actual investigation of the 3MW wind turbine of a group company in Shanxi, the main fault types and characteristics of the fan drive system are discussed. Design and development of wind turbine transmission system fault simulation test bench. Based on the basic hardware condition of the test bench, the method of fault diagnosis is innovated. Aiming at the characteristics of non-stationary, nonlinear and complex modulation components of the fault vibration signal of the wind turbine transmission system, the defect of frequency band dislocation is eliminated. Improved node reconstruction wavelet packet algorithm combined with envelope spectrum is a new fault diagnosis method with better resolution and finer decomposition. Aiming at the time-varying weak vibration signal of the early fault of wind turbine transmission system and the difficulty of fault identification caused by nonlinear mapping of fault and symptom, an improved node reconstruction wavelet packet combined with PNN (probabilistic neural network) is presented in this paper. A new method for fault diagnosis based on network. The feasibility and accuracy of the proposed two new fault diagnosis methods are verified by using the actual data of the test bench. It provides favorable tools and technical support for further research on condition monitoring and fault diagnosis of wind turbines in the future. This paper also completes the selection of sensors, the determination of monitoring points, the research and design of the system, and the field test work of the wind turbine condition monitoring system. The developed data acquisition analyzer has the innovative design of multi-channel vibration, high speed, synchronization, real-time acquisition and fault analysis and diagnosis function and remote data transmission function. The self-designed interface of the monitoring system fully takes into account the actual needs of the site. It not only has the function of providing real-time fault alarm to the fan and its specific fault parts, but also providing guidance and advice to the field workers. It also has the function of displaying the curves of single or multiple maps on the monitoring index of single or multiple typhoon machines, which is convenient for the personnel on the spot to compare and determine the faults.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM315

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本文編號(hào)：2084383