本文選題：無刷直流電機 + 模糊自整定PID��； 參考：《西安工業(yè)大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來無刷直流電機發(fā)展十分迅速,它既具備直流電機轉(zhuǎn)矩大、運行效率高、動態(tài)性能好等優(yōu)點,又兼顧交流電機結(jié)構(gòu)簡單、運行穩(wěn)定的特質(zhì),因此在工業(yè)領(lǐng)域應(yīng)用廣泛。但隨著航空航天等領(lǐng)域的技術(shù)發(fā)展,人們對無刷直流電機的控制精度和穩(wěn)定性提出了更高的要求。傳統(tǒng)的模擬控制電路體積大、集成度不高、易受環(huán)境等外界因素影響,常規(guī)PID控制方法參數(shù)固定不靈活、控制精度不高,因此亟需設(shè)計一種性能優(yōu)異的無刷直流電機控制系統(tǒng)來滿足日益增長的工業(yè)需求。 本文設(shè)計了一種無刷直流電機數(shù)字控制系統(tǒng),控制芯片采用可編程邏輯門陣列FPGA(Field Programmable Gate Array),利用FPGA強大的邏輯計算能力和集成度高、體積小的優(yōu)點,可以實現(xiàn)復(fù)雜的智能控制理論,提高電機運行的準確性和穩(wěn)定性�？刂扑惴ú捎弥悄芸刂扑惴ㄅc常規(guī)PID相結(jié)合的參數(shù)自整定PID控制方法,控制參數(shù)自動隨系統(tǒng)狀態(tài)變化而改變,提高了無刷直流電機的實時控制能力,增強了電機的動態(tài)性能。此外,本文還采用了PWM_ON_PWM調(diào)制方式,即在每個開關(guān)管導通的過程中,采用前30。和后30。進行PWM調(diào)制、中間60°恒通的調(diào)制方式,減小了電機非導通相的反向續(xù)流,在一定程度上抑制了電機的轉(zhuǎn)矩脈動,提高了電機轉(zhuǎn)速的穩(wěn)定性。 本文首先對無刷直流電機的結(jié)構(gòu)原理進行了介紹,給出了無刷直流電機的數(shù)學模型,然后分析了模糊自整定PID控制算法的原理,給出了它的實現(xiàn)方法；接著介紹了無刷直流電機轉(zhuǎn)矩脈動的產(chǎn)生原因,提出了PWM_ON_PWM的調(diào)制方式；運用Matlab/Simulink仿真軟件對模糊自整定PID和PWM_ON_PWM的原理和實現(xiàn)方法進行了仿真驗證。然后對基于FPGA無刷直流電機控制系統(tǒng)的軟硬件組成進行了介紹,采用Altium Designer軟件設(shè)計了系統(tǒng)外圍硬件電路,運用Quartus Ⅱ設(shè)計編譯了FPGA內(nèi)部功能模塊。最后在實驗平臺上對基于FPGA的無刷直流電機控制系統(tǒng)進行了驗證,實驗結(jié)果表明系統(tǒng)設(shè)計方法正確,電機運行良好,達到了設(shè)計目的。
[Abstract]:Brushless DC motor (BLDCM) has developed very rapidly in recent years. It has the advantages of large torque, high running efficiency and good dynamic performance. It also takes into account the characteristics of simple structure and stable operation of AC motor, so it is widely used in industrial field. However, with the development of aeronautics and spaceflight technology, the control precision and stability of brushless DC motor are required. The traditional analog control circuit is large in volume, low in integration and easy to be affected by external factors such as environment. The parameters of conventional pid control method are fixed and inflexible, and the control precision is not high. Therefore, it is urgent to design a brushless DC motor control system with excellent performance to meet the increasing industrial demand. In this paper, a digital control system for brushless DC motor is designed. The control chip uses FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array),) to realize complex intelligent control theory by using the powerful logic computing ability and the advantages of high integration and small volume. Improve the accuracy and stability of motor operation. The control algorithm adopts the pid control method which combines intelligent control algorithm and conventional pid. The control parameters change automatically with the change of the system state. The real-time control ability of brushless DC motor is improved and the dynamic performance of the motor is enhanced. In addition, this paper also adopts PWM _ S _ O _ N _ N _ PWM modulation mode, that is, in the process of switching on, the first 30. And Post 30. The PWM modulation and the middle 60 擄constant pass modulation can reduce the reverse continuation of the non-conduction phase of the motor, restrain the torque ripple of the motor to a certain extent, and improve the stability of the motor speed. In this paper, the structure principle of brushless DC motor is introduced, the mathematical model of brushless DC motor is given, then the principle of fuzzy self-tuning pid control algorithm is analyzed, and its realization method is given. Secondly, the reason of torque ripple of brushless DC motor is introduced, and the modulation mode of PWMS-ONPWM is put forward, and the principle and realization method of fuzzy self-tuning pid and PWMS-ONPWM are simulated by Matlab / Simulink simulation software. Then, the hardware and software components of the brushless DC motor control system based on FPGA are introduced. The peripheral hardware circuit of the system is designed by using Altium designer software, and the internal function module of FPGA is designed and compiled by using Quartus 鈪，

本文編號：2068136