本文選題：覆冰 + 舞動��； 參考：《浙江大學(xué)》2014年博士論文

【摘要】：舞動是導(dǎo)線覆冰后在風(fēng)荷載作用下產(chǎn)生的自激振動。舞動對輸電線路危害極大,引起的動張力會造成相間閃絡(luò)、導(dǎo)/地線斷股、間隔棒撕裂等事故。尤其是在特定氣象條件下,導(dǎo)線舞動的持續(xù)時間可長達(dá)幾天,從而有可能導(dǎo)致桿塔構(gòu)件撕裂、失穩(wěn)甚至倒塔等事故的發(fā)生。近年來,隨著我國電網(wǎng)規(guī)模的迅速發(fā)展和惡劣氣候的頻繁出現(xiàn),電力系統(tǒng)發(fā)生舞動事故的頻率和對電力行業(yè)的危害程度呈顯著增加的趨勢,嚴(yán)重威脅著電力能源的正常輸送和國民經(jīng)濟(jì)的穩(wěn)定發(fā)展。因此,深入開展覆冰輸電線路舞動的試驗(yàn)研究和理論分析、完善輸電線路抗舞設(shè)計方法和提供相關(guān)技術(shù)支撐和科學(xué)依據(jù),有著十分重要的工程意義和經(jīng)濟(jì)價值。本文的研究工作主要包括以下幾個方面： 1.覆冰輸電線路靜張力對橫擔(dān)作用特征的研究：以在線路覆冰作用下橫擔(dān)嚴(yán)重破壞的轉(zhuǎn)角耐張塔為研究對象,制作大比例輸電塔節(jié)段模型,并按相似理論設(shè)計、加工了覆冰導(dǎo)線模型,對輸電塔進(jìn)行了模擬導(dǎo)線重覆冰狀態(tài)下的靜力加載試驗(yàn)。同時考慮連接偏心、節(jié)點(diǎn)板和螺栓長度等細(xì)節(jié)對構(gòu)件傳力路徑的影響,建立了精細(xì)化的中橫擔(dān)有限元模型,對靜力試驗(yàn)進(jìn)行全過程的數(shù)值模擬,并與關(guān)鍵截面處的荷載-變形特征試驗(yàn)結(jié)果進(jìn)行對比。在此基礎(chǔ)上通過非線性屈曲計算,考察了覆冰導(dǎo)線靜張力作用下橫擔(dān)的失效模式及薄弱環(huán)節(jié)。 2.輸電塔線體系舞動響應(yīng)和桿塔失效機(jī)理的試驗(yàn)研究：以在舞動事故中橫擔(dān)嚴(yán)重破壞的某轉(zhuǎn)角耐張塔研究對象,基于模型動力相似原理,設(shè)計制作了彈性邊界條件下的大比例輸電塔節(jié)段模型和能夠模擬不同覆冰參數(shù)的導(dǎo)線模型,并首次研制開發(fā)了模擬覆冰導(dǎo)線舞動的試驗(yàn)加載裝置。在此基礎(chǔ)上,于試驗(yàn)室條件下再現(xiàn)了導(dǎo)線舞動時的動張力和運(yùn)動特征,并進(jìn)行了不同參數(shù)下的輸電塔線體系舞動試驗(yàn),研究了覆冰厚度、舞動幅值以及頻率對塔線體系響應(yīng)特征的影響。同時,結(jié)合實(shí)際線路舞動時的特征參數(shù),于試驗(yàn)室條件下進(jìn)行了覆冰塔線體系舞動事故的反演,并根據(jù)試驗(yàn)測得的構(gòu)件動應(yīng)力幅值,計算了輸電塔構(gòu)件在導(dǎo)線舞動作用下的疲勞壽命。最后,綜合分析塔線體系舞動試驗(yàn)和疲勞壽命的計算結(jié)果,揭示了舞動作用下輸電桿塔失效的根本原因。 3.覆冰輸電線路舞動非線性動力學(xué)與雙參數(shù)分岔分析：建立了考慮豎直向、水平向和扭轉(zhuǎn)向三維非線性耦合效應(yīng)的連續(xù)體覆冰分裂導(dǎo)線舞動方程,并根據(jù)Galerkin積分和Routh-Hurwitz穩(wěn)定性判據(jù)準(zhǔn)則標(biāo)識系統(tǒng)在參數(shù)空間中的穩(wěn)定域和非穩(wěn)定域。在此基礎(chǔ)上,選定風(fēng)速、初始風(fēng)攻角以及豎向阻尼比為分岔參數(shù),應(yīng)用中心流形降維方法求解了原系統(tǒng)在平衡點(diǎn)附近的約化系統(tǒng)。通過將分岔參數(shù)視為系統(tǒng)狀態(tài)變量的方式,把含參數(shù)的約化系統(tǒng)轉(zhuǎn)化為不含參數(shù)的擴(kuò)張系統(tǒng),并利用規(guī)范形理論分段求解了擴(kuò)張系統(tǒng)的Hopf分岔規(guī)范形,研究了雙參數(shù)同時變化對導(dǎo)線舞動響應(yīng)的影響。 4.分裂導(dǎo)線舞動非線性數(shù)值模擬：基于完全拉格朗日格式,建立了適用于單導(dǎo)線和分裂導(dǎo)線舞動數(shù)值模擬的非線性有限元舞動分析方法。采用具有扭轉(zhuǎn)自由度的三節(jié)點(diǎn)拋物線索單元離散覆冰單導(dǎo)線。對于覆冰分裂導(dǎo)線,在單導(dǎo)線有限元法的基礎(chǔ)上,利用歐拉梁單元模擬間隔棒的運(yùn)動過程,結(jié)合梁節(jié)點(diǎn)彎曲自由度縮聚法實(shí)現(xiàn)了間隔棒與分裂子導(dǎo)線之間的耦合,并運(yùn)用隨轉(zhuǎn)坐標(biāo)系求解舞動過程中的梁節(jié)點(diǎn)不平衡力。在此基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合覆冰分裂導(dǎo)線氣動力測試結(jié)果,研究了風(fēng)場特性、導(dǎo)線覆冰厚度和初始凝冰角對輸電線路起舞機(jī)理和響應(yīng)特征的影響。 5.三維瞬態(tài)風(fēng)場下覆冰導(dǎo)線舞動數(shù)值模擬：根據(jù)隨機(jī)流場生成方法和三維風(fēng)速功率譜,逐點(diǎn)模擬了覆冰分裂導(dǎo)線周邊的脈動風(fēng)速場,并從瞬態(tài)流場的不可壓縮特征、風(fēng)功率譜、時間相關(guān)函數(shù)以及空間相關(guān)系數(shù)等統(tǒng)計特征證明了風(fēng)場模擬方法的有效性和合理性。運(yùn)用分裂導(dǎo)線舞動非線性有限元法對輸電線路在均勻流場、一維脈動風(fēng)速場和三維瞬態(tài)風(fēng)場下進(jìn)行了舞動瞬態(tài)分析,在此基礎(chǔ)上討論了風(fēng)速場瞬態(tài)效應(yīng)對舞動響應(yīng)的作用機(jī)制,
[Abstract]:Dancing is the self excited vibration produced by the wind load after the wire is covered with ice. The dance movement is very harmful to the transmission line, and the dynamic tension will cause the interphase flashover, the guide / ground broken strand, the interval rod tear and so on. Especially in the specific weather conditions, the duration of the traverse movement can last for several days, which may lead to the tearing of the tower members. In recent years, with the rapid development of the scale of the power grid in China and the frequent occurrence of bad weather, the frequency of the dancing accidents in the power system and the damage to the power industry have increased significantly, which seriously threatens the normal transmission of power energy and the stable development of the national economy. It has very important engineering significance and economic value to carry out the experimental research and theoretical analysis on the dance of icing transmission lines, improve the anti dance design method and provide the relevant technical support and scientific basis. The research work of this paper mainly includes the following aspects:
Study on the effect of static tension on 1. ice covered transmission lines: a large proportion transmission tower segmental model is made with a large proportion of the transmission tower segment model under the action of the line icing, and the ice covered wire model is designed according to the similarity theory, and the static loading of the transmission tower under the state of simulated ice overburden is carried out. At the same time, considering the influence of the connection eccentricity, the length of the joint plate and the length of the bolt on the force transmission path, a finite-element model of the medium transverse load is established, and the numerical simulation of the static test is carried out in the whole process, and the results are compared with the test results of the load deformation characteristics at the key section. On this basis, the calculation of the nonlinear buckling is calculated. The failure modes and weak links of the cross arm under the action of static tension of iced conductor are investigated.
2. experimental study on the dynamic response of transmission tower line system and the mechanism of tower failure: Based on the model dynamic similarity principle, a large proportion transmission tower segment model under elastic boundary conditions and a wire model which can simulate different icing parameters are designed and made. On the basis of this, the dynamic tension and motion characteristics of the traverse were reproduced on the basis of the test room, and the dynamic test of the transmission tower line system under different parameters was carried out, and the influence of the ice thickness, the dance amplitude and the frequency on the response characteristics of the tower line system was studied. At the same time, combined with the characteristic parameters of the actual line dance, the inversion of the dance accident of the ice tower line system was carried out under the test room condition, and the fatigue life of the transmission tower members under the action of wire was calculated according to the amplitude of the dynamic stress measured by the test. Finally, the danced test and fatigue life calculation of the tower line system were analyzed. As a result, the root cause of failure of transmission tower is revealed.
The nonlinear dynamics and two parameter bifurcation analysis of 3. ice covered transmission lines: a continuum ice cladding line dance equation with vertical, horizontal and torsional steering nonlinear coupling effects is established, and the stable domain and instability of the system in parameter space are identified according to the Galerkin integral and the Routh-Hurwitz stability criterion. On this basis, the wind speed, the initial wind attack angle and the vertical damping ratio are selected as the bifurcation parameters. The reduction system of the original system at the equilibrium point is solved by using the central manifold dimension reduction method. By considering the bifurcation parameters as the system state variables, the reduction system containing parameters is converted into an expansive system without parameters. The normal form theory is used to solve the Hopf bifurcation normal form of the expansion system piecewise, and the influence of the simultaneous change of two parameters on the galloping response of the conductor is studied.
Nonlinear numerical simulation of 4. split traverse Dance: Based on the complete Lagrange scheme, a nonlinear finite element dance analysis method for numerical simulation of single wire and split traverse is established. A three node parabolic cable unit with torsional degrees of freedom is used to disperse the ice single wire. For ice clad traverse, the single wire is limited. On the basis of the element method, using the Euler beam element to simulate the motion process of the spacer, the coupling between the spacer and the split sub wire is realized by the bending free degree condensation method of the beam node, and the unbalance force of the beam node in the process of dancing is solved by the coordinate system. On this basis, the aerodynamic test results of the ice covered split lead are studied. The influences of wind field characteristics, conductor icing thickness and initial ice condensing angle on the transmission mechanism and response characteristics of transmission lines are studied.
5. numerical simulation of ice covered traverse in three dimensional transient wind field: Based on the random flow field generation method and the three-dimensional wind power spectrum, the fluctuating wind velocity field around the ice covered split wire is simulated point by point, and the wind field model is proved from the incompressible characteristics of the transient flow field, the wind power spectrum, the time correlation function and the spatial correlation coefficient. The validity and rationality of the proposed method. The transient analysis of transmission lines under uniform flow field, one dimensional fluctuating wind field and three dimensional transient wind field is carried out by using the nonlinear finite element method of split wire dance. On this basis, the mechanism of the transient effect of wind field on the dynamic response of the transmission line is discussed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM75

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本文編號：2065883