本文選題：鋰離子電池負(fù)極材料 + 三維多孔碳　； 參考：《江西師范大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：鋰離子電池作為當(dāng)今社會(huì)急需的一種環(huán)境友好的新型二次能源,引起了社會(huì)的廣泛關(guān)注。而社會(huì)的不斷發(fā)展,對(duì)鋰離子的要求也就日益增加。提高循環(huán)性能和容量的一個(gè)很重要的途徑就是提高鋰離子電池的負(fù)極材料的性能和容量。碳材料是穩(wěn)定、環(huán)保的一種常用的鋰離子負(fù)極材料。然而,當(dāng)前的商業(yè)化的石墨的理論容量較低(僅為372 mAh/g),在實(shí)際應(yīng)用中受到了一定的限制。因此科學(xué)家們投入了大量的精力在研究新的高容量的碳材料,或是碳材料與其他高容量材料的復(fù)合材料,來代替石墨碳負(fù)極材料。而高容量的其他負(fù)極材料中的典型代表便是硅和金屬氧化物負(fù)極材料。本論文的工作主要圍繞了多孔碳材料以及多孔碳與納米硅和金屬氧化物的復(fù)合材料的制備、表征及其在鋰離子電池負(fù)極材料中的應(yīng)用,具體研究工作如下三個(gè)方面:1.以金屬有機(jī)框架為前驅(qū)體合成制備了三維多孔碳材料,制備方法簡(jiǎn)單,形貌獨(dú)特,性能良好。接著對(duì)此三維多孔碳材料進(jìn)行了掃描電子顯微鏡,X射線衍射光譜,X射線光電子能譜,電池性能等表征。發(fā)現(xiàn)該材料的具有1880 m2/g的高的比表面積,應(yīng)用于鋰電循環(huán)100圈后仍有1015 mAh/g的容量。性能遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)優(yōu)于傳統(tǒng)石墨。2.為了制備高容量的鋰離子電池負(fù)極材料,在納米硅表面原位生長(zhǎng)沸石咪唑框架(ZIFs),形成了ZIFs框架結(jié)構(gòu)/納米硅復(fù)合物,形貌均一,應(yīng)用于鋰電,循環(huán)100圈仍有1168 mAh/g的容量,性能優(yōu)越,大大高于純硅以及一些硅/碳復(fù)合材料。為復(fù)合材料的制備提供了一個(gè)多元化的方式。3.先通過煅燒植物竹篙草桿,形成多孔碳支撐材料。然后通過水熱反應(yīng)在該多孔碳上生長(zhǎng)了10 nm大小的四氧化三鈷制成多孔碳/四氧化三鈷復(fù)合材料。用掃描電子顯微鏡觀察了它的形貌并對(duì)其作為鋰離子電池的負(fù)極材料的性能做了進(jìn)一步的探討,發(fā)現(xiàn)循環(huán)100圈仍有1215 mAh/g的容量,大大高于純四氧化硅材料以及一些四氧化硅/碳復(fù)合材料優(yōu)于很多相似材料。此方法合成靈活簡(jiǎn)單,成本低,可大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)。
[Abstract]:Lithium-ion battery (Li-ion battery), as a new kind of environmental friendly secondary energy, has attracted wide attention. With the development of society, the demand for lithium ion is increasing day by day. One of the most important ways to improve the cycle performance and capacity is to improve the performance and capacity of cathode materials for lithium ion batteries. Carbon material is a kind of commonly used lithium ion anode material, which is stable and environmentally friendly. However, the theoretical capacity of commercial graphite is relatively low (372 mAh/g), which is limited in practical application. So scientists are devoting a lot of energy to studying new high-capacity carbon materials, or composites of carbon materials with other high-capacity materials, to replace graphite carbon anode materials. High capacity of other anode materials are typical of silicon and metal oxide anode materials. The main work of this thesis is focused on the preparation, characterization and application of porous carbon materials and composite materials of porous carbon with nano-silicon and metal oxides. The specific research work is as follows: 1. Three dimensional porous carbon materials were synthesized using organometallic framework as precursor. The method is simple, the morphology is unique, and the properties are good. Then the three-dimensional porous carbon material was characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM) X-ray diffraction spectrum X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and battery performance. It is found that the material has a high specific surface area of 1880 m2 / g, and still has a capacity of 1015 mAh/g after being used in lithium electric cycling for 100 cycles. The properties of graphite are much better than that of traditional graphite. In order to prepare high capacity cathode materials for lithium ion batteries, zeolites imidazole frames (ZIFs) were grown in situ on the surface of nanocrystalline silicon. ZIFs / nano-Si composites were formed. The structure of ZIFs / nano-Si composites was uniform and used in lithium. The capacity of ZIFs was still 1168 mAh/g in 100 cycles. Superior performance, much higher than pure silicon and some silicon / carbon composites. For the preparation of composite materials to provide a diversified way. 3. Firstly, the porous carbon support material is formed by calcining the plant Penny's straw. The porous carbon / cobalt tetroxide composite was prepared by hydrothermal reaction on the porous carbon. Its morphology was observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and its performance as a cathode material for lithium ion batteries was further discussed. It was found that the cycle 100th cycle still had a capacity of 1215 mAh/g. It is much higher than pure silicon oxide and some silica / carbon composites are superior to many similar materials. This method is flexible and simple, low cost and can be produced in large scale.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TM912

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前2條

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2 曹勝先;;鋰離子電池隔膜研究與發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀[J];塑料科技;2013年08期

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本文編號(hào)：2063000