本文選題：超級電容器 + 石墨烯��； 參考：《北京交通大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：石墨烯的高電導(dǎo)率和高比表面積的特性使其非常適合做超級電容器的電極,如何實現(xiàn)高質(zhì)量石墨烯的量產(chǎn)是現(xiàn)今研究的熱點。本文以改進的Hummers法制備氧化石墨,通過管式爐高溫還原法制備石墨烯,并對所得產(chǎn)物進行XRD、SEM、TEM表征和BET比表面積測試,測得石墨烯比表面積高達853m2/g。 泡沫鎳和鋁箔是兩種常用的集流體材料,鋁箔相比于泡沫鎳擁有更高的電導(dǎo)率,但是鋁箔表面過于光滑不利于活性物質(zhì)粘附,本文制備了基于石墨烯的雙電層的超級電容器；并通過電化學方法對鋁箔表面進行刻蝕來提升超級電容器性能。具體研究內(nèi)容如下： (1)分別采用1.Omol/L和1.5mol/L的Na2SO4溶液做超級電容器的電解液,并對比兩種超級電容器的電化學性能,結(jié)果證明1.0mol/L的Na2SO4溶液更適合做超級電容器電解液。 (2)分別采用泡沫鎳和鋁箔做集流體制備超級電容器并測試兩者的電化學性能,結(jié)果表明泡沫鎳比未經(jīng)刻蝕的鋁光箔擁有更好的電化學性能,因此可以考慮對鋁箔進行電化學刻蝕來提升鋁箔超級電容器的電化學性能。 (3)通過對鋁箔進行電化學刻蝕,分析刻蝕溶液的濃度比、時間以及電流密度對電容性能的影響來找出相對優(yōu)化的刻蝕工藝：在刻蝕條件為HCl、H2SO4濃度比為3：1,刻蝕電流密度為70mA/cm2,刻蝕時間為140s時所得到的鋁箔具備最佳的電容性能。
[Abstract]:Graphene is suitable for supercapacitor because of its high conductivity and high specific surface area. Graphite oxide was prepared by modified Hummers method and graphene was prepared by high temperature reduction in tube furnace. The obtained products were characterized by XRDX SEMTEM and BET specific surface area. The specific surface area of graphene was up to 853 m2 / g. Foamed nickel and aluminum foil are two common fluid-collecting materials. Aluminum foil has higher conductivity than foamed nickel, but the surface of aluminum foil is too smooth and not conducive to the adhesion of active substances. In this paper, a double-layer supercapacitor based on graphene was prepared. The surface of aluminum foil was etched by electrochemical method to improve the performance of supercapacitor. The main contents of the study are as follows: (1) the electrolyte of supercapacitor was made by using 1.Omol / L and 1.5 mol / L Na _ 2SO _ 4 solution, and the electrochemical performance of the two supercapacitors was compared. The results show that 1.0 mol / L Na _ 2SO _ 4 solution is more suitable for supercapacitor electrolyte. (2) supercapacitors are prepared by using foamed nickel and aluminum foil as collector and their electrochemical properties are tested. The results show that foamed nickel has better electrochemical performance than unetched aluminum foil. Therefore, electrochemical etching of aluminum foil can be considered to improve the electrochemical performance of aluminum foil supercapacitor. (3) through electrochemical etching of aluminum foil, the concentration ratio of etching solution is analyzed. The effects of time and current density on the capacitance performance were found out. The optimum etching process was obtained under the conditions of HClH2SO4 concentration ratio of 3: 1, etching current density of 70 Ma / cm 2 and etching time of 140 s. The results show that the aluminum foil has the best capacitive performance when the etching condition is 3: 1, the current density is 70 Ma / cm 2, and the etching time is 140 s.
【學位授予單位】：北京交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM53

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本文編號：2056602