本文選題：白光LED + 峰值電流模��； 參考：《西安電子科技大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來(lái),隨著技術(shù)的不斷發(fā)展,白光LED的功耗逐漸降低,亮度逐漸升高,成為L(zhǎng)CD背光源驅(qū)動(dòng)的主流背光源。本文結(jié)合白光LED的發(fā)光原理以及驅(qū)動(dòng)特性,設(shè)計(jì)了一款基于恒流架構(gòu)的Boost型6路白光LED背光驅(qū)動(dòng)器,其可以作為大型LCD背光源驅(qū)動(dòng)。單個(gè)白光LED的發(fā)光亮度有限,為支持大型LCD背光源應(yīng)用需要多個(gè)白光LED的共同作用,并聯(lián)支路太多導(dǎo)致輸出電流過(guò)大,每一路串聯(lián)個(gè)數(shù)太多導(dǎo)致輸出電壓過(guò)高,綜合考慮這兩方面的因素,論文中白光LED采用串并聯(lián)結(jié)合的混合連接方式,最多并聯(lián)通路為6路,最高串聯(lián)個(gè)數(shù)可多達(dá)12個(gè)。而且由于白光LED正常工作時(shí)兩端的電壓比較高(3.4V左右),所以輸出電壓相對(duì)較高,本文輸入電壓的指標(biāo)要求4.5V~28V,綜合考慮設(shè)計(jì)要求,需要采用升壓Boost轉(zhuǎn)換器。本文首先介紹了Boost轉(zhuǎn)換器的基本原理,為分析其交流特性,利用線性元件替換非線性的開關(guān)元件對(duì)其建模。然后對(duì)反饋控制方式峰值電流模進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的闡述和探討,為保證反饋環(huán)路穩(wěn)定,考慮斜坡補(bǔ)償?shù)挠绊懞髮?duì)其進(jìn)行精確的交流小信號(hào)建模,計(jì)算環(huán)路的傳輸函數(shù)。在LED電流驅(qū)動(dòng)架構(gòu)的選擇上,考慮到流過(guò)白光LED的電流對(duì)其發(fā)光亮度的決定關(guān)系,以及恒壓架構(gòu)不容易對(duì)LED電流進(jìn)行調(diào)節(jié)兩方面的因素,本文選擇恒流源的結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)驅(qū)動(dòng)白光LED。利用峰值電流模升壓型拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)的反饋環(huán)路保證LED電流源正常工作以及穩(wěn)定恒流源上的電壓。LCD的背光源要求其驅(qū)動(dòng)芯片可以自動(dòng)調(diào)節(jié)發(fā)光亮度。本論文設(shè)計(jì)了模擬調(diào)光和PWM調(diào)光兩種形式,使白光LED電流在0~60mA范圍內(nèi)可調(diào)。模擬調(diào)光是指LED電流跟隨直流輸入電平變化,主要應(yīng)用于對(duì)噪聲要求高、對(duì)發(fā)光質(zhì)量要求不是很高的場(chǎng)合。PWM調(diào)光是指LED電流以PWM開關(guān)信號(hào)方式輸出,占空比改變平均輸出電流大小,主要應(yīng)用于高亮度以及對(duì)噪聲度要求不高的場(chǎng)合,這兩種調(diào)光方式可以滿足大多數(shù)LCD背光應(yīng)用要求。為提高LED驅(qū)動(dòng)電源的效率,LED電流不同時(shí),反饋環(huán)路將恒流源的電壓恒定為不同的值,電流低時(shí),恒流源上的電壓比較低,電流高時(shí),恒流源上的電壓比較高。在前三章對(duì)驅(qū)動(dòng)芯片環(huán)路架構(gòu)原理、穩(wěn)定性以及白光LED恒流源架構(gòu)的分析基礎(chǔ)上,第四章詳細(xì)設(shè)計(jì)了驅(qū)動(dòng)芯片中的五個(gè)典型子電路模塊,包括PWM調(diào)光信號(hào)產(chǎn)生電路、LED開路以及短路到地保護(hù)模塊、誤差放大器模塊、最小反饋電壓檢測(cè)模塊以及電感電流采樣模塊。在芯片整體功能分析以及子電路設(shè)計(jì)基礎(chǔ)上,本芯片基于0.35μm BCD工藝,利用Hspice、Cadence等EDA仿真軟件對(duì)子模塊設(shè)計(jì)電路進(jìn)行仿真驗(yàn)證,在仿真過(guò)程中,綜合考慮電源、溫度以及工藝對(duì)設(shè)計(jì)電路的影響,最后對(duì)整體應(yīng)用電路也進(jìn)行了功能仿真驗(yàn)證,仿真結(jié)果表明,電路的各項(xiàng)指標(biāo)均能達(dá)到設(shè)計(jì)要求,同時(shí)可實(shí)現(xiàn)所需功能。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the continuous development of technology, the power consumption of white LED gradually decreased, brightness gradually increased, and become the mainstream backlight driven by LCD backlight. Based on the principle and driving characteristics of white LED, a boost six-channel backlight driver based on constant current architecture is designed, which can be used as backlight driver for large LCD. The brightness of a single white LED is limited. In order to support the application of large LCD backlight, it needs the common action of multiple white LED. Too many parallel branches cause the output current to be too large, and too many series each lead to high output voltage. Considering these two factors, the white LED in this paper adopts the hybrid connection mode of series-parallel connection, the maximum parallel path is 6 channels, and the maximum number of series is up to 12. Because the voltage at both ends of white LED is relatively high (about 3.4 V) when it works normally, the output voltage is relatively high. The input voltage requirement of this paper is 4.5V ~ (28) V, considering the design requirements, boost converter is needed. In this paper, the basic principle of boost converter is introduced. In order to analyze its AC characteristics, linear elements are used to replace nonlinear switching elements to model it. Then, the peak current mode of feedback control is described and discussed in detail. In order to ensure the stability of feedback loop, considering the influence of slope compensation, the accurate AC small-signal modeling is carried out, and the transmission function of loop is calculated. In the selection of LED current drive architecture, considering the relationship between the current passing through the white LED and its luminance, and the fact that the constant voltage structure is not easy to adjust the LED current, this paper chooses the structure of the constant current source to drive the white LED. The feedback loop of the peak current mode boost topology is used to ensure the LED current source to work normally and the backlight of the voltage. LCD on the steady current source requires that the driving chip can automatically adjust the luminance of the LED. In this paper, analog dimming and PWM dimming are designed to make white LED current adjustable in 0~60mA range. Analog dimming means that LED current changes with DC input level, which is mainly used in occasions with high noise requirement and low luminous quality. PWM dimming means that LED current is output by PWM switch signal. The duty cycle changes the average output current, which is mainly used in the cases with high brightness and low noise. These two dimming methods can meet the requirements of most LCD backlight applications. In order to improve the efficiency of LED drive power supply, the feedback loop keeps the constant current source voltage constant to different values. When the current is low, the voltage on the constant current source is relatively low, and the voltage on the constant current source is higher when the current is high. On the basis of analyzing the structure principle, stability and constant current source architecture of white LED in the first three chapters, five typical sub-circuit modules are designed in detail in the fourth chapter. It includes PWM dimming signal generating circuit, LED open circuit and short circuit to ground protection module, error amplifier module, minimum feedback voltage detection module and inductance current sampling module. On the basis of the whole function analysis and sub-circuit design of the chip, this chip is based on 0.35 渭 m BCD technology. The circuit is simulated and verified by EDA simulation software such as HspiceCad Cadence. In the simulation process, the power supply is considered synthetically. Finally, the effect of temperature and process on the design circuit is verified by functional simulation. The simulation results show that all the parameters of the circuit can meet the design requirements, and the required functions can be achieved at the same time.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM46;TN312.8

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