本文選題：橋臂輪換法SPWM + 單相全橋��； 參考：《福州大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：單相全橋逆變電路廣泛應(yīng)用于電池、太陽(yáng)能等直流電源的逆變輸出。目前對(duì)單相全橋逆變電路的控制通常采用單極型SPWM方法,即對(duì)其中一橋臂固定施加工頻方波信號(hào),另一橋臂施加高頻PWM波信號(hào),使得兩橋臂間輸出工頻交變的SPWM電壓,再經(jīng)過(guò)濾波環(huán)節(jié)達(dá)到正弦波輸出。該方法具有算法簡(jiǎn)單、輸出波形好的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。然而逆變電路工作時(shí)IGBT器件將產(chǎn)生開關(guān)損耗,引起器件發(fā)熱。雖然在通常應(yīng)用中將兩個(gè)橋臂安裝于同一散熱片上,使散熱片內(nèi)部有一致的溫度變化,但各橋臂的開關(guān)頻率不同,導(dǎo)致IGBT所產(chǎn)生的開關(guān)損耗亦不同,IGBT器件內(nèi)部結(jié)溫有很大差異。其中處于高頻PWM波控制下的橋臂開關(guān)損耗大,結(jié)溫最高,容易發(fā)生擎住效應(yīng),對(duì)逆變電路的可靠運(yùn)行產(chǎn)生不利影響,嚴(yán)重時(shí)甚至損壞器件。能否找到一種控制方式,保持單相全橋逆變電路單極型SPWM輸出波形好的優(yōu)點(diǎn)的同時(shí),均分其兩橋臂的開關(guān)損耗來(lái)降低原有處于高頻開關(guān)狀態(tài)下的橋臂損耗及其結(jié)溫,達(dá)到提升逆變電路可靠性的目的。為此,本文提出一種新型SPWM算法——橋臂輪換法SPWM新技術(shù)達(dá)到上述目的。橋臂輪換法SPWM新技術(shù)控制原理：在前一調(diào)制波周期使逆變電路的其中一橋臂為工頻方波控制,另一橋臂為高頻PWM波控制,在下一調(diào)制波周期將兩橋臂的控制方式對(duì)調(diào),如此周而復(fù)始。根據(jù)橋臂輪換法SPWM新技術(shù)(單極型)控制原理及算法,采用DSP編程實(shí)現(xiàn)其SPWM實(shí)時(shí)計(jì)算與控制,并設(shè)計(jì)與制作了單相全橋逆變電路硬件系統(tǒng),在該平臺(tái)上進(jìn)行負(fù)載與溫升實(shí)驗(yàn),結(jié)果證明了橋臂輪換法SPWM新技術(shù)具有均分兩橋臂開關(guān)損耗的優(yōu)點(diǎn)；并對(duì)兩種控制方式下的輸出電壓波形進(jìn)行諧波分析；應(yīng)用Melcosim軟件分別計(jì)算兩種SPWM控制方式下的橋臂開關(guān)損耗及IGBT器件內(nèi)部結(jié)溫,結(jié)果證明了橋臂輪換法SPWM新技術(shù)的優(yōu)越性,即IGBT結(jié)溫較采用單極型SPWM技術(shù)的最高結(jié)溫有顯著降低,從而提升了IGBT工作的可靠性。新技術(shù)還保持了單極型SPWM波形好的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。
[Abstract]:Single-phase full-bridge inverter circuit is widely used in the inverter output of DC power supply such as battery, solar energy and so on. At present, the single-phase full-bridge inverter circuit is usually controlled by single-pole SPWM method, that is, one of the bridge arms is fixed with power frequency square wave signal, the other is the high frequency PWM wave signal, which makes the output of the alternating power frequency SPWM voltage between the two bridge arms. After filtering, sinusoidal wave output is achieved. This method has the advantages of simple algorithm and good output waveform. However, when the inverter circuit works, IGBT device will produce switching loss and cause the device heat. Although the two arms are installed on the same radiator in common applications, the internal temperature of the radiator varies uniformly, but the switching frequency of each arm is different, and the switching loss caused by IGBT is also different from the internal junction temperature of IGBT devices. Under the control of high frequency PWM wave, the switch loss of the bridge arm is large, the junction temperature is the highest, and the holding effect is easy to occur, which has a negative effect on the reliable operation of the inverter circuit, and even damages the device seriously. Can we find a control mode to keep the advantages of good output waveform of single-pole SPWM in single-phase full-bridge inverter circuit, and at the same time, divide equally the switching loss of its two arms so as to reduce the loss and junction temperature of the bridge arm which is in the state of high frequency switch? The purpose of improving the reliability of inverter circuit is achieved. In this paper, a new SPWM algorithm, the bridge arm rotation method, is proposed to achieve the above purpose. The control principle of the new SPWM technique of the bridge arm rotation method: one of the arms of the inverter circuit is controlled by the power frequency square wave in the previous modulation wave period, the other is controlled by the high frequency PWM wave, and the control mode of the two arms is changed in the next modulation wave cycle. So round over and over again. According to the control principle and algorithm of single pole SPWM, the SPWM real-time calculation and control are realized by DSP programming. The hardware system of single-phase full-bridge inverter circuit is designed and fabricated, and the load and temperature rise experiments are carried out on the platform. The results show that the new SPWM technique has the advantages of equally dividing the switching loss of the two arms, and the harmonic analysis of the output voltage waveform is carried out under the two control modes. The switching loss of the bridge arm and the internal junction temperature of IGBT devices are calculated by using Melcosim software, respectively. The results show that the new SPWM technology of the bridge arm rotation method has the advantages, that is, the IGBT junction temperature is significantly lower than the highest junction temperature of the monopole SPWM technology. Thus, the reliability of IGBT work is improved. The new technique also maintains the advantage of unipolar SPWM waveform.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：福州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM464

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