本文選題：微型光伏逆變器 + 功率解耦　； 參考：《北京交通大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：摘要：隨著對(duì)煤炭、天然氣和石油等主要化石能源的大規(guī)模開采和使用,全球環(huán)境污染和能源問題日益突出,而太陽能是一種取之不盡、用之不竭的清潔能源,因此光伏發(fā)電應(yīng)運(yùn)而生,同時(shí)光伏并網(wǎng)逆變器也成為普遍的研究熱點(diǎn)。近年來,為了提高逆變器的效率,降低成本,實(shí)現(xiàn)模塊化,提出了微型光伏逆變器的概念,由于其結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單,體積小,即插即用,易于擴(kuò)展等,成為未來光伏逆變器的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)之一。但是在單相光伏并網(wǎng)逆變器中由于輸入輸出瞬時(shí)功率存在差異,通常需要并聯(lián)很大的電解電容來平衡這部分功率,由于電解電容壽命短,嚴(yán)重限制了逆變器的壽命,所以研究者提出在電路中加入功率解耦單元來處理瞬時(shí)脈動(dòng)功率,從而用小容值的薄膜電容代替電解電容,提高逆變器壽命。 本文從三端口電路的角度研究帶功率解耦的微型光伏逆變器,其包括PV端口、AC端口、功率解耦端口三部分,并介紹構(gòu)成各端口的基本單元,分析了電路的組合方式以及常見的幾種拓?fù)�；文中由一種簡(jiǎn)化的帶功率解耦微型光伏逆變器入手,介紹其工作原理,并通過仿真和實(shí)驗(yàn)進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證；但是由于功率解耦單元的加入,電路效率降低,同時(shí)對(duì)逆變器穩(wěn)態(tài)性能產(chǎn)生影響,因此為了進(jìn)一步研究這類拓?fù)涞奶匦?本文又引入另外一種解耦電流減半的改進(jìn)型帶功率解耦微型光伏逆變器,詳細(xì)介紹了主電路設(shè)計(jì)和損耗分析,并通過PSIM軟件仿真驗(yàn)證其可行性,同時(shí)進(jìn)行硬件電路設(shè)計(jì),搭建一個(gè)100W的實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺(tái),進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證。 此外本文還采用三種方法對(duì)該改進(jìn)型拓?fù)溥M(jìn)行效率優(yōu)化,最終使電路效率達(dá)到89.24%；最后,根據(jù)理論分析與實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果對(duì)比總結(jié)該拓?fù)涞膬?yōu)勢(shì),其通過改進(jìn)電路結(jié)構(gòu),使解耦回路工作方式發(fā)生變化,解耦電流減半,大大提高微型光伏逆變器的穩(wěn)態(tài)性能。
[Abstract]:Abstract: with the large-scale exploitation and use of major fossil energy sources such as coal, natural gas and petroleum, global environmental pollution and energy problems become increasingly prominent, and solar energy is an inexhaustible clean energy. Therefore, photovoltaic generation came into being, and photovoltaic grid-connected inverter has become a popular research hotspot. In recent years, in order to improve the efficiency of inverter, reduce the cost and realize modularization, the concept of miniature photovoltaic inverter is put forward, because of its simple structure, small size, plug and play, easy to expand, etc. It will become one of the development trends of photovoltaic inverter in the future. However, in single-phase photovoltaic grid-connected inverters, due to the difference of instantaneous power between input and output, it is usually necessary to balance this part of power with a large electrolytic capacitor in parallel. Because of the short life of electrolytic capacitance, the life of inverter is restricted seriously. So the researchers put forward to add power decoupling unit to deal with transient pulsating power, so that the electrolytic capacitance can be replaced by thin film capacitor with small capacitance, and the inverter life can be improved. In this paper, the miniature photovoltaic inverter with power decoupling is studied from the point of view of three-port circuit. It includes three parts of PV port AC port and power decoupling port, and introduces the basic unit of each port. The circuit combination mode and several common topologies are analyzed in this paper, a simplified miniature photovoltaic inverter with power decoupling is introduced, and its working principle is introduced, and verified by simulation and experiment. However, due to the addition of power decoupling unit, the circuit efficiency is reduced and the steady state performance of inverter is affected. Therefore, in order to further study the characteristics of this kind of topology, This paper also introduces another improved miniature photovoltaic inverter with power decoupling with half decoupling current. The main circuit design and loss analysis are introduced in detail. The feasibility is verified by PSIM software simulation, and the hardware circuit is designed at the same time. Build a 100 W experimental platform for experimental verification. In addition, this paper also uses three methods to optimize the efficiency of the improved topology, and finally makes the circuit efficiency up to 89.24. Finally, according to the theoretical analysis and experimental results, the advantages of the topology are summarized, and the circuit structure is improved. The working mode of decoupling circuit is changed, the decoupling current is halved, and the steady-state performance of miniature photovoltaic inverter is greatly improved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM464

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